ALL ABOUT LOK SABHA AND RAJYA SABHA

ALL ABOUT LOK SABHA AND RAJYA SABHA

Parliament Parliament is the supreme legislative body of India. The Indian Parliament comprises of the President and the two Houses-Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States). The President has the power to summon and prorogue either House of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha.

Those elected or nominated (by the President) to either house of Parliament are referred to as members of parliament (MP). The Members of Parliament, Lok Sabha are directly elected by the Indian public voting in Single-member districts and the Members of Parliament, Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of all of the State Legislative Assembly by proportional representation.

Indian legislature is divided into central legislature i.e parliament and state legislature i.e vidhan sabha. bicameral Parliament Rajya Sabha (Council of States) Lok Sabha (House of the People)

Decision Making Process Of Parliament

LOK SABHA House of the People Type: Lower house of the Parliament of India Term limits: 5 years Speaker: Sumitra Mahajan, BJP Deputy Speaker: M. Thambidurai, AIADMK Leader of the House: Narendra modi Leader of the Opposition: Vacant, as none of the opposition parties has more than 10% of seats

Seats: 545 (543 elected + 2 Nominated from the Anglo- Indian Community by the President)

System of elections in Lok Sabha Members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people of India, on the basis of Universal Suffrage. For the purpose of holding direct elections to Lok Sabha; each state is divided into territorial constituencies. In this respect, the constitution of India makes the following two provisions: Each state is allotted a number of seats in the Lok Sabha in such a manner that the ratio between that number and its population is same for all the states of India. This provision does not apply for states having a population of less than 6 million (60 lakhs). Each state is divided into territorial constituencies in such a manner that the ratio between the population of each constituency and the number of seats allotted to it remain the same throughout the state.

Term of the House The Lok Sabha, unless sooner dissolved, continues to operate for five years from the date appointed for its first meeting and the expiration of the period of five years. However, while a proclamation of emergency is in operation, this period may be extended by Parliament by law for a period not exceeding one year at a time and not extending, in any case, beyond a period of six months after the proclamation has ceased to operate

Sessions and Time of Sittings Three sessions of Lok Sabha take place in a year: Budget session: February to May. Monsoon session: July to September. Winter session: November to mid December. When in session, Lok Sabha holds its sittings usually from 11 A.M. to 1 P.M. and from 2 P.M. to 6 P.M. On some days the sittings are continuously held without observing lunch break and are also extended beyond 6 P.M. depending upon the business before the House. Lok Sabha does not ordinarily sit on Saturdays and Sundays and other closed holidays.

Qualification Article 84 (Part V. The Union) of Indian Constitution sets qualifications for being a member of Lok Sabha, which are as follows: He / She should be a citizen of India, and must subscribe before the Election Commission of India an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule of Indian Constitution. He / She should not be less than 25 years of age. He / She possesses such other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by Parliament. He / She should not be proclaimed criminal i.e. they should not be a convict, a confirmed debtor or otherwise disqualified by law; and He / She should have his/her name in the electoral rolls in any part of the country.

Question Hour Questions are of three types Starred, Unstarred and Short Notice. A Starred Question is one to which a member desires an oral answer in the House and which is distinguished by an asterisk mark. An unstarred Question is one which is not called for oral answer in the house and on which no supplementary questions can consequently be asked. An answer to such a question is given in writing. Minimum period of notice for starred/ unstarred question is 10 clear days. If the questions given notice of are admitted by the Speaker, they are listed and printed for answer on the dates allotted to the Ministries to which the subject matter of the question pertains.

Zero Hour The time immediately following the Question Hour has come to be known as "Zero Hour". It starts at around 12 noon (hence the name) and members can, with prior notice to the Speaker, raise issues of importance during this time. Typically, discussions on important Bills, the Budget, and other issues of national importance take place from 2 pm onwards.

Business after Question Hour After the Question Hour, the House takes up miscellaneous items of work before proceeding to the main business of the day. These may consist of one or more of the following: Adjournment Motions, Questions involving breaches of Privileges, Papers to be laid on the Table, Communication of any messages from Rajya Sabha, Intimations regarding President's assent to Bills, Calling Attention Notices, Matters under Rule 377, Presentation of Reports of Parliamentary Committee, Presentation of Petitions, miscellaneous statements by Ministers, Motions regarding elections to Committees, Bills to be withdrawn or introduced.

Officers of Lok Sabha Speaker and Deputy Speaker As per Article 93 of Indian Constitution, the Lok Sabha has a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker. In the Lok Sabha, both presiding officers the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker- are elected from among its members by a simple majority of members present and voting in the House. No specific qualifications are prescribed for being elected Speaker; the Constitution only requires that Speaker should be a member of the House. But an understanding of the Constitution and the laws of the country and the rules of procedure and conventions of Parliament is considered a major asset for the holder of the office of the Speaker.

Rajya sabha The Rajya Sabha or Council of States is the upper house of the Parliament of India. Membership of Rajya Sabha is limited by the Constitution to a maximum of 250 members, and current laws have provision for 245 members. Most of the members of the House are indirectly elected by state and territorial legislatures using single transferable votes, while the President can appoint 12 members for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. Members sit for six-year terms, with one third of the members retiring every two years.

Type: Upper house of the Parliament of India Term limits: 6 years Leadership: (Vice-President) Naidu Chairman Venkaiah Deputy Chairman: P. J. Kurien, INC Leader of the House: Arun Jaitley, BJP Leader of the Opposition: Ghulam Nabi Azad, INC

Seats: 245 Elected: 233 Nominated: 12

Qualifications Article 84 of the Constitution lays down the qualifications for membership of Parliament. A member of the Rajya Sabha must: Must be a citizen of India. Must make and subscribe before some person authorized in that behalf by the Election Commission an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule to the Constitution. Must be at least 30 years old. Must be elected by the Legislative Assembly of States and Union territories by means of Single transferable vote through Proportional representation.

Cannot be a proclaimed criminal. Cannot be an insolvent, i.e. he/she should not be in debt that he/she is not capable of repaying in a current manner and should have the ability to meet his/her financial expenses. Should not hold any other office of profit under the Government of India. Should not be of unsound mind. Must possess such other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by Parliament.

Process of Rajhya Sabha election Single Transferable Vote: an electoral system of proportional representation in which a person s vote can be transferred to a second or further competing candidate if the candidate of 1 st choice is eliminated. The election is held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote and the voting is by secret ballot.

Territorial Representation Election to Lok Sabha, state assembly and all Also called as 1 st past the post system (FPTP)

Rajya Sabha Election procedure The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the respective state legislative assembly in accordance with the principle of proportional representation by the means of single transferable vote. Formula for election to Rajya Sabha

Eg. Rajasthan legislative assembly has a strength of 200. if there are 4 vacanies for rajya sabha seats in rajasthan then a candidate has to get atleast 41 votes to be elected.

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