Caucasus Barometer Public Perceptions on Political, Social and Economic issues in South Caucasus Countries Some findings from the CRRC 2011 data 12 September, 2012թ. Yerevan CRRC Armenia crrc@crrc.am www.crrc.am www.crrccenters.org
Methodology Almost 2,000 people in each South Caucasus country Representative of total adult (18+) population Proportionate representation of demographic and geographic groups Multi-stage cluster sampling Household selection: Random walk method Respondent selection: Kish table Face-to-face interviews in local languages
Content Life satisfaction and factors acting upon it Living standards and migration trends Attitude towards policy and public institutions Nagorno Karabagh issue and possible solutions External world perceptions Level of happiness
LIFE SATISFACTION AND FACTORS BEHIND
N. How satisfied are you with your own life as a whole (1-10, where 1 means Not satisfied at all and 10 means Completely satisfied, average score) 2010 2011 5.3 5.1 5.1 4.9 5.3 5. Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
Armenia N. How satisfied are you with your own life as a whole (1-10, where 1 means Not satisfied at all and 10 means Completely satisfied (%, by settlement type) Capital Other Urban Rural 30 35 23 9 13 14 4 7 10 9 8 8 8 3 7 10 14 9 8 5 11 11 8 8 3 2 7 Not satisfied at all 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 Completely satisfied
N1_1. Whether the following statement describes your feelings. There are many people I can trust completely, 2011 (%) Describes More or less describes Does not describe Armenia 30 41 29 Azerbaijan 3 50 15 Georgia 28 54 18
P5. What is the most important issue facing country at the moment 2011, (% ) Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia Unemployment 28 44 55 Poverty 11 10 1 Rising prices / Inflation 4 5 7 Corruption 8 Low wages 1 5 4 Low pensions 4 4 4 Unsolved territorial conflicts 4 12 31 Lack of peace in the country 2 1 2 Political instability in the country 1 2 1 Violation of human rights 1 1 3 Unaffordability of healthcare 1 4
P. What is the most important issue facing country at the moment, 2010 (%) Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia Unemployment 17 45 52 Poverty 10 9 9 Lack of peace in the country 2 4 9 Corruption 9 Rising prices / Inflation 3 2 Territorial integrity 5 12 53 Low wages 2 4 Low pensions Violation of human rights Unaffordability of healthcare Low quality of education Political instability in the country 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 7
2011 2010 2009 P5. What do you think is the most important issue facing Armenia at the moment? 2009-2011(%, first five issues) Unemployment 32 Corruption 19 Poverty 12 Peace 5 Territorial integrity 4 Unemployment 45 Poverty Peace 10 9 Corruption Rising prices / Inflation Unemployment 44 Poverty 1 Rising prices / Inflation Corruption 7 Low wages 5
J1. Share of Employed (%) 2010 2011 38 38 39 39 38 30 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
LIVING STANDARDS AND MIGRATION TRENDS
C14. On which rung of this ladder do you think your household currently stands? (1-10, 1 -lowest possible economic position in society, 10-highest possible position, average score, weighted by HH weights) 2009 2010 2011 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.1 3.5 3.5 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
C9. Household income last month 2011, (%, weighted by HH weights) More than USD 1200 USD 801 1200 USD 401 800 USD 251 400 USD 101 250 USD 51 100 Up to USD 50 0 49 33 32 32 28 23 2 1 15 11 1 2 2 2 3 5 3 1 7 4 1 1 1 1 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
J12-J13. Do you currently have any personal (% of "yes" answers) Savings Debts 51 34 34 17 7 7 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
D20. If you had a chance, would you leave country for a certain period of time to live somewhere else? (% of "yes" answers) 2009 2010 2011 57 Armenia 4 0 47 Azerbaijan 52 52 45 Georgia 47 47
D21. If you had a chance, would you leave country forever to live somewhere else? (% of "yes" answers) 2009 2010 2011 25 Armenia 29 25 1 Azerbaijan 17 20 11 Georgia 7
ATTITUDE TOWARDS POLICY AND PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia P1. Which direction your country s domestic politics are going. (%) Politics is going in the right direction Politics is going in the wrong direction Politics does not change at all Don't know 2011 14 25 3 25 2010 18 32 3 14 2011 32 34 14 21 2010 38 31 9 21 2011 47 11 17 24 2010 44 17 20 18
Armenia P4. Trust Toward Institutions, 2011 (%) Fully trust Somewhat trust Neither trust nor distrust Somewhat distrust Fully distrust Don t know Religious institutions to which you 44 31 11 5 3 Army 33 31 12 9 13 2 Healthcare system 15 33 20 13 1 1 Educational system 13 33 23 13 13 4 Banks 12 35 22 10 12 9 Ombudsman 11 23 24 8 13 22 European Union 10 2 2 7 11 20 President 10 24 21 15 24 5 United Nations 10 2 2 7 10 21 Police 8 21 25 18 22 Executive government 20 23 18 2 7 Court system 1 23 19 23 13 Media 5 28 34 14 15 3 Local government 5 28 34 14 15 3 Parliament 5 17 25 18 28 NGOs 5 18 30 11 14 22
P4. Level of trust toward Army (5-point scale, where 1 means Fully distrust, and 5 means Fully trust, average score) 200 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.1 3. Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
P4. Level of trust toward President (5-point scale, where 1 means Fully distrust, and 5 means Fully trust, average score) 200 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.8 2.8 3.5 2.9 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.7 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
P4. Level of trust toward Parliament (5-point scale, where 1 means Fully distrust, and 5 means Fully trust, average score) 200 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.4 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.5 3.2 2.0 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
P15, P1. Paradox of Trust Would you say that the most recent election was conducted, 2011 (%) Completely fairly To some extent fairly Not at all fairly Don't know Armenia 12 3 33 19 Azerbaijan 13 30 1 41 Georgia 24 30 10 3 Did you vote in the last national election?, 2011 (%) Yes No Don't know Armenia 81 19 Azerbaijan 2 3 2 Georgia 74 23 2
P8. Do you think or not that people like yourself have the right to openly say what they think?, 2011 (%) Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia 3 5 45 42 31 32 13 13 5 Yes No Don't know
D22. Have you or any member of your household been in a situation during the last 12 months when you/they had to pay a bribe in order to get a service or to obtain preferential treatment or consideration?, 2011 (%) Yes No 99 89 4 27 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
NAGORNO KARABAGH ISSUE AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
NK2. When do you think the Nagorno Karabakh conflict will be resolved?, 2011(%) Armenia Azerbaijan 38 34 24 24 11 12 12 12 10 7 4 3 3 5 It has already been resolved Within the next year In 2-5 years In -10 years In more than 10 years Never Don t know
NK4.1. How likely is it to find a solution to the Nagorno Karabakh conflict within the next 5 years by peaceful negotiation?, 2011 (%) Very likely Rather likely Rather unlikely Very unlikely Don't know Armenia 38 24 9 12 17 Azerbaijan 2 2 22 20 7
NK4.2. How likely is it to find a solution to the Nagorno Karabakh conflict within the next 5 years by force?, 2011 (%) Very likely Rather likely Rather unlikely Very unlikely Don't know Armenia 11 10 19 3 23 Azerbaijan 19 23 28 19 10
Armenia NK5. Various ideas have been proposed for settling the Nagorno Karabakh conflict. Whether you would...?, 2011 (%) Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never accept Don't know Have Nagorno-Karabakh as a formal part of Armenia. 1 1 15 8 Have Nagorno-Karabakh as an independent country. 58 19 14 9 Create a special administrative region that will be jointly governed by Azerbaijan and Armenia. 2 4 77 17 Have Nagorno-Karabakh with a high degree of autonomy within Azerbaijan. 2 3 78 17 Have Nagorno-Karabakh in Azerbaijan without autonomy. 4 2 75 18
Azerbaijan NK5. Various ideas have been proposed for settling the Nagorno Karabakh conflict. Whether you would...?, 2011 (%) Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never accept Don't know Have Nagorno-Karabakh as a formal part of Armenia. 0.5 9 3 Have Nagorno-Karabakh as an independent country. 1 8 83 8 Create a special administrative region that will be jointly governed by Azerbaijan and Armenia. 1 85 8 Have Nagorno-Karabakh with a high degree of autonomy within Azerbaijan. 23 29 40 8 Have Nagorno-Karabakh in Azerbaijan without autonomy. 91 4 1 4
EU Turkey France USA Russia NK1. In your opinion, should the following countries or organizations be involved in finding a solution for the Nagorno Karabakh conflict?, 2011 (%) More involved Less involved Not involved at all Don't know Armenia 73 10 11 Azerbaijan 51 21 18 10 Armenia 3 22 2 1 Azerbaijan 3 32 21 11 Armenia 50 18 17 1 Azerbaijan 15 29 41 15 Armenia 8 8 70 14 Azerbaijan 87 5 2 Armenia 43 22 1 18 Azerbaijan 40 28 17 15
EXTERNAL WORLD PERCEPTIONS
Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia P4_1. Trust toward United Nations (%) 2010-2011 Fully trust Somewhat trust Neither trust nor distrust Somewhat distrust Fully distrust Don t know 2011 10 2 2 7 10 21 2010 13 23 28 8 9 19 2011 8 13 24 18 1 20 2010 5 19 23 1 1 22 2011 12 30 25 5 22 2010 14 30 25 4 20
Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia P4_15. Trust toward European Union (%) 2010-2011 Fully trust Somewhat trust Neither trust nor distrust Somewhat distrust Fully distrust Don t know 2011 10 27 2 7 11 20 2010 12 23 27 9 9 19 2011 8 14 2 18 13 21 2010 5 17 25 17 15 21 2011 13 32 23 5 21 2010 13 31 25 4 21
Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia P21. To what extent would you support your country s membership in NATO? (%) 2010-2011 Fully support Rather support Equally support and don t support Rather not support Don t support at all Don t know 2011 1 21 24 9 12 18 2010 14 23 2 9 12 1 2011 22 21 25 9 1 2010 20 25 22 8 19 2011 38 29 15 3 5 11 2010 35 35 13 4 4 9
Armenia N8. Whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with,2011, (%) Yes No Azerbaijanis 32 4 Jews 34 0 Americans 22 73 Greeks 27 9 Russians 11 8 Turks 40 57 Georgians 30 Kurds, Yezidi s 40 5 English 24 72
Azerbaijan N8. Whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with,2011, (%) Yes No Armenians 99 Jews Americans 39 39 55 5 Greeks 44 48 Russians 27 71 Turks 12 87 Georgians 41 57 Kurds, Yezidis 24 70 English 42 53
Georgia N8. Whether you approve or disapprove of people of your ethnicity doing business with,2011, (%) Yes No Armenians 24 70 Jews 19 72 Americans 17 75 Azerbaijanis Greeks Russians 18 18 20 73 75 7 Turks 28 Kurds, Yezidi s 30 95 English 32 59
Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia P23. Which country is currently the biggest friend of your country, 2011 (%) Russia 81 France 7 Turkey 90 Don't know 5 USA 44 Don't know 25
Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia P24. Which country is currently the biggest enemy of your country, 2011 (%) Azerbaijan 0 Turkey 34 Armenia 94 Russia 3 Russia 51 Don't know 34
LEVEL OF HAPPINESS
N2. How happy would you say you are? (1-10, where 1 means Extremely unhappy and 10 means Extremely happy, average score) 2010 2011.4. 5.8.1..9 Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
Armenia N2. How happy would you say you are? by household income last month (1-10, where 1 means Extremely unhappy and 10 means Extremely happy, average score) 7. 8.1 7.0.7.3 5.8.1.8 More than USD 1200 USD 801-1200 USD 401-800 USD 251-400 USD 101-250 USD 51-100 Up to USD 50 0
N2, A8. How happy would you say you are?, by marital status, 2011 (1-10, where 1 means Extremely unhappy and 10 means Extremely happy, average score) Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia.5.3 7.0 7.1 7.0. 7. 7.3 7.4 7.2 7.3 7.0.1.0 5.0 5.0 4.8.1.9 4.2 5.4 5.1 4.7 5.8 Never married Married: official state marriage only, no religious ceremony Married: religious ceremony only, not registered with state Married: both state marriage and religious ceremony Cohabiting without civil or religious marriage Divorced Separated Widow/Widower
Armenia N2. How happy would you say you are?, by gender and age, 2011 (1-10, where 1 means Extremely unhappy and 10 means Extremely happy, average score) 7.0. 7.5.4 5. 5.5 18-35 3-55 5+ 18-35 3-55 5+ Male Female
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