The Cold War
Communism Communism is a form of economy Everyone gets the same resources Gov t owns the means of production -so no individuals own the businesses
Idea of Communism Gov t will work in the best interest of the people The people who work in the gov t will not try to take more than their share People will continue to work hard to contribute to society, even though they all get the same resources regardless
Formation of the USSR 1922 United Soviet Socialist Republic is formed Russia + 15 neighboring countries
Formation of USSR
Enacting Communism 1) Overthrow existing gov t 2) Establish tight dictatorship 3) Collectivize all property to the gov t 4) Achieve total social & economic equality
America Capitalism a form of economy where people own the means of production people receive based on what they put in more work = more pay
Criticism of Capitalism Individuals who own the means of production, such as the factory owner, get paid just because they own the factory, not because they really contributed to the work. They benefit from the labor of others
Beef with the Soviet Union After WWII- what to do with Eastern Europe? Stalin wanted a divided Germany- and Eastern Europe to remain under his control U.S. and Britain wanted united Germany and independent nations in Eastern Europe
Containment George F. Kennan Would require full commitment of American economic, political, and military power Stop spread of Communism Keep it within existing boarders
Truman Doctrine Greece and Turkey needed help fighting off communism If U.S. retreated back into isolationism, the peace of the world would be in danger Congress approved aid Promise to aid nations struggling against communist movements
Domino Theory When one country falls- its neighbor will soon far Anywhere communism pops up, we will go and knock it down
What is a Cold War? Lead up/ build up of a war, without actually fighting Threats, fear, propaganda, military build up
Marshall Plan Supplies to help Europe- food and fuel Help start the economy back up again Stalin refuses help in Soviet Satellite states
Berlin Airlift Stalin created a blockade in West Berlin Roads, boats, and railways U.S and Britain dropped supplies from the air Lasted for almost a year
Berlin Airlift https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fq30rgc5prc
Questions for Thought Can you describe what communism is? Can you explain what a capitalist economy is? What is the Truman Doctrine? Can you explain how and why Berlin was divided
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization 12 western European and North American Nations an armed attack against one or more of them shall be considered an attack against all of them
NATO
Warsaw Pact All communist nations of Eastern Europeexcept Yugoslavia Same idea as NATO- defend each other if one country is threatened
Tensions Rise Soviet Union builds an atomic bomb Atomic Energy Commission worked on the hydrogen bomb Soviet Union and United States stockpile nuclear weapons Mutually assured destruction
Eisenhower v. Truman 1945-1953 Truman s Foreign Policy: 1953-1961 Eisenhower s Foreign Policy:
Nikita Khrushchev Stalin died in March of 1953 Communist More peaceful than Stalin Met with Eisenhower in July of 1955 in Geneva Switzerland
Khrushchev Met with Eisenhower in July of 1955 in Geneva Switzerland Not much came from the meeting Feeling of Peaceful co- existence
Cold War Expands 1956- Uprising in Poland Workers wanted more political and economic freedom Remain in the Warsaw Pact 1956- Hungarian students and workers wanted to get rid of pro-soviet leaders Sent in Soviet soldiers to stop the Hungarian Revolution
Eisenhower Doctrine Comparable to the Truman Doctrine Except uses the word force
CIA Central Intelligence Agency Created in 1947 Used to place anti-communist leaders in Iran and Guatemala
Space Race Sputnik 1- October of 1957 Congress approves $1 billion dollars into the National Defense Education Act program Congress created NASA- National Aeronautics and Space Administration