Georgian National Voter Study MAY 2003 International Republican Institute (IRI) Baltic Surveys Ltd. / The Gallup Organization Institute of Polling and Marketing (IPM) With funding of United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
MOOD OF THE COUNTRY 2
Generally speaking, things in Georgia are going in the... Right direction % Wrong direction 83% Don't know, no answer 6% 3
Over the last month, economic situation in Georgia has... Stayed the same 30% Improved somewhat % Improved a lot % Don't know, no answer 3% Worsened a lot 26% Worsened somwehat 28% 4
Over the last month, financial situation of your household has... Stayed the same 40% Improved somewhat 0% Improved a lot % Don't know, no answer % Worsened a lot 23% Worsened somwehat 25% 5
How satisfied are you with the way democracy is developing in Georgia? Somewhat satisfied 8% Somewhat dissatisfied 2% Very satisfied 2% Don't know, no answer % Very dissatisfied 40% 6
Do you believe that things will get better in a short time or it will take a long time to get better in the country? Not Long time sure/refused 76% % Short time % 7
Mood of the nation Hope that the future will be somewhat better 30% Not much hope for the future 20% Appathy % Belief that the future will be definitely better 24% No answer 5% Total disbelieve in any improvement 3% Insecurity, fear for future 7% 8
Mood of the nation Optimism 57% Neutral % Pessimism 22%
Are people in Georgia afraid or not openly express their political views? Nobody is afraid 32% No answer % Majority are afraid 5% Many are afraid 20% Some are afraid 32% 0
ISSUES
Most important issue Georgia is facing Standard of living Jobs, unemployement Territorial integrity Social problems Corruption Peace Law and order Basic services Energy Crime National unity Health care Relations with Russia 3 3 2 3 2 3 7 6 7 5 7 2 First mention All mentions 4
Most important issue towns/villages are facing Jobs Basic services Standard of living Transport Sanitary situation Social problems Water quality, lack of Crime Agricultural issues Corruption Housing conditions Streets ligtening, appearance Industry deterioration Street vendors Refugees Famine, poverty Ecology 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 6 6 5 6 0 20 20 32 2 First mention All mentions 3
Most important issue households are facing Standard of living Jobs 38 Social problems 5 Health care Basic services Housing 4 3 5 2 4 8 First mention All mentions Education Water Damaged roads
Acceptability of social protest forms Acceptable Not acceptable No opinion Collecting the signatures for petition, letter 34 54 Boycott 24 65 Legal demonstrations 36 53 Demonstrations without the permission 75 Legal strikes 33 56 Strikes without the permission 74 Occupation of buildings or enterprises 0 78 5
Fear the most War 26 3 Political instability 3 8 Economic crusus, poverty 0 8 Future for youth 7 Territorial integrity Crime 3 4 6 6 First mention All mentions Corruption 2 Health problems 3 Terrorism 2 Ethnic conflicts Natural disasters
POLITICS 7
Interest in politics High interest % Medium interest 22% Low interest 66% 8
5 Which political parties can deal most successfully and solve problems Georgia is facing? 35 35 First mention All mentions 8 6 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 26 26 Leiborist Party National Movement Agordzineba New Rights Citizens Union Industry will Save Georgia United democrats Communist Party Ertoba National Democratic Party No such party No answer
Voting intentions Leiborist Party National Movement 0 0 Democratic Revival Union 4 Citizens Union of Georgia 8 3 New Rights 7 8 Industry will Save Georgia 5 United Democrats Ertoba National Democratic Party Christian Democratic Union 3 2 2 3 4 First choice Second choice Union of Justice Restore.2 Communist Party Socialist Party Round table.2 Traditionalist Union./ Peoples Party./.2 Christian Democratic Alliance./ None Would not vote 3 DK/NA 26 20
Voting intentions for the parliamentary elections Citizens Union of Georgia Socialist Party National Democratic Party National Movement Democratic Revival Union United Democrats Traditionalist Union Leiborist Party New Rights Peoples Party Ertoba Industry will Save Georgia Christian Democratic Union Union of Justice Restore Christian Democratic Alliance None DK/NA 0 0 0 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 5 38 Would never vote for
30 20 0 0-0 -20-30 -40 22 Leiborist Party National Movement New Rights Industry will Save Georgia Democratic Revival Union Round table Communist Party Ertoba United Democrats Union of Justice Restore Christian Democratic Union Christian Democratic Alliance National Democratic Party Peoples Party Traditionalist Union Socialist Party Citizens Union of Georgia 25 0 7 7 3 2-2 -4-4 -5-7 - -8 - - -3 Parties potential (voting intentions % - never vote %)
Intentions to vote for election block New Georgia Never would vote or 47% DK/NA 23% Probbaly would not vote for 3% Probably would vote for % Definitely would vote for 6% 23
Political Leaders: ratings 6 56 4 48 38 33 3 2 28 28 26 25 37 3 32 36 55 36 68 7 3 6 4 8 7 7 5 8 7 3 3 4 N.Burjanadze S.Natelashvili G.Topadze J.Patiashvili A.Abashidze M.Saakashvili L.Gachechiladze B.Patarkatsishvili Z.Zhvania D.Gamkrelidze M.Machavariani E.Shevarnadze Favorable Unfavorable Never heard of No answer 24 28 24 22 20 8 7 5 68 47 4 58 54 20 3 64 32 35 32 60 36 5 3 35 33 37 30 37 4 3 0 5 5 0 8 7 7 7 7 E.Shevarnadze I.Menagarishvili A.Asatiani I.Sarishvili-Chanturia A.Jorbenadze B.Ivanishvili V.Lortkiparidze D.Berdzenishvili V.Rcheulishvili G.Chanturia M.Khazaradze L.Chanturia L.Mamaladze G.Absandze K.Chkhaidze
Preferred next President S.Natelashvili 5 J.Patiashvili M.Saakashvili 7 8 A.Abashidze 6 8 E.Shevarnadze 6 6 N.Burjanadze 5 7 Z.Zhvania G.Topadze A.Jorbenadze 3 2 2 4 First answer All answers L.Gachechiladze I.Giorgadze B.Ivanishvili None 32 DK 25
Are you going to vote in the next parliamentary elections? Definitely no % Undecided 0% No answer % Probably no 5% Probably yes % Defintely yes 54% 26
Motives for voting (% from intending to participate) It is my duty 5 I care about party / candidiate I care about particular issue 7 I enjoy voting on an election day 3 Not to give a chance for a fraud 26 Other 2 No answer
Motives for not voting (% from not intending to participate) Not interested in politics 7 My vote does not change anything 3 Do not believe that elections will be fear 32 Don't have time Don't like any party or candidate Don't have enough information about parties or candidates 3 Other 5 No answer 28
Characteristics/Attributes Most Important in Parliamentary Candidate Taking care of people's interests Honesty Patriotism Just Education Experience Fight corruption Independent Kind Trustworhy Clever Professional 2 2 2 3 3 3 6 7 8 8 5 4 8 4 4 0 7 26 26 First mention All mentions 37 2
When considering which party to vote for, what is more important? Party is more important 2% No answer 2% Leader is more important 6% 30
Characteristics/Attributes of political candidate Very important Important Not important No answer Education 0 7 3 Personal character 86 4 Political experience 83 5 Ethnicity 63 Profession 50 26 23 Age 38 33 2 Party membership 2 28 40 3 Material conditions 28 2 2 Gender 22 50 Appearance 32 48 Regional identity 6 2 3
All other things equal, would vote for: Does not matter % No answer % More active, younger candidate 34% More experienced, older 54% 32
All other things equal, would vote for: Does not matter % No answer % Male 50% Female 4% 33
Should parties who are represented in the current government have their share in the new government after elections or should new parties (those who are in opposition or not in Parliament) govern? New parties should form ruling coalition 63% Ruling parties should stay in future ruling coalition % No answer 23% 34
Most important achievements of current government: Stability, peace Foreign policy 3 3 Bako-Geihan pipeline 8 Improvement of criminal situation Silk road Some economic achievements 2 2 2 Freedom of speech / democracy More active Georgian army Regulation of Lari rate Slight social improvement Decoration of the cities Better communal services 35
Biggest failures of current government: Territorial problems, Abkhazia 3 Poor economy 25 Unemployement 7 Corruption 3 Worsening social problems 0 Don't care about people problems 6 Collapse of industry 5 Criminal situation 5 36
Most disliked features of Georgian politicians and parties Struggling in the Parliament False promisses Corruption Don't care about people 6 6 Too ambitious, emotionally unbalanced No respect for each other Selfishness Lack of cooperation 3 3 3 3 Lack of intelligence Passiveness 2 2 37
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 38
Which countries are most important partners to Georgia? And which make most political and economic threat? Partners Threats 5 60 25 3 6 20 USA Russia Azerbaijan Germany European Union Armenia Turkey 3
How important for Georgia is to solve the problems related to Abkhazia and South Ossetia Rather important 4% Not very important % Not at all important 0% No opinion 2% Very important 3% 40
Abkhazia and South Ossetia should be: Autonomies of Russian fedaration.4% Independent % No opinion 7% Ordinary regions of Georgia, without any autonomy 4% Autonomies of Georgian state %
Means to deal with the problems of Abkhazia and South Ossetia: Using force if necessary % Other % No opinion 5% Negotiations and peaceful means 80%
Regarding the railroad via Abkhazia, which of the following better suits Georgian national interests? Not to let open the railroad % No opinion % To open the railroad from Georgia to Russia through Abkhazia 70%
Motives for opening the railroad (% of people having such opinion) To help economy 26 Imroving connections with Russia Improve relatiosnhips between people 3 Makes travel easier To regain Abkhazia To help restore peace 3 To reestablish trade 2
Motives for not-opening the railroad (% of people having such opinion) It is dangerous till Abkhazia is not regained 38 Too dangerous untill relations between Georgia and Russia resolved At first jurisdiction of Georgia should be established 7 Will make relations between Georgians and Abkhazians worse 6 Georgia will loose territory 5 It is more in interests of Russia and Abkhazia 4 Economically not worth 2 This is the source for corruption 2
INSTITUTIONS
Confidence in institutions Favorable Unfavorable No opinion Church 80 8 Georgian media 73 8 0 Education system 32 57 Army 28 56 Central Bank 26 38 36 Political parties 68 3 President's office 72 Georgian Parliament 8 74 8 Government (Cabinet of Minsiters) 7 74 Trade unions 47
Confidence in International institutions Favorable Unfavorable No opinion European Union 20 34 NATO 22 34 United Nations 25 34 Commonwealth of Independent States 3 38 32 48
Evaluation of foreign relations with... Good Bad Neither good or bad No opinion USA 8 3 4 4 Germany 82 3 6 Azerbaijan 8 3 7 European Union 7 4 0 5 Armenia 65 7 8 Turkey 7 0 8 Russia 24 6 3 4
VALUES 50
36 Of the prominent Georgian people and characters in Georgian history and folk culture, who is most suitable to be a national hero or leader in current times? 5 5 8 6 6 5 3 3 5 David Agmashenebeli Queen Tamara Joseph Stalin Ilia Chavchavadze Zviad Gamsahurdia Merab Kostava Giorgi Saakdze Erekle the Second Vachtang Gorgasali Shota Rustaveli Giorgi Brtskinvale Jiuli Shartava Hamlet Gonashvili Akaki Tsereteli Ekvtime Takaishvili Gia Chanturia Konstantine Gamsahurdia Cotne Dadiani Jumber Patiashvili Demetre Tavdebuli
Spheres of Life Very important Important 5 80 75 65 7 25 30 4 Family Children Friends Work Religion Leisure time Politics 52
TOLERANCE 53
Do you agree that it is a good thing for society to be made up of people from different religions? Tend to disagree 58% Tend to agree 2% No opinion 3% 54
Georgia has always consisted of various cultural and religious groups Tend to agree 65% No opinion % Tend to disagree 23% 55
In order to be fully accepted members of Georgian society, people belonging to the minority groups must give up such parts of their religion or culture which may be in conflict with Georgian tradition Tend to agree 55% Tend to disagree 28% No opinion 7% 56
If there were to be more people belonging to religious minorities we would have a problem Tend to agree 67% Tend to disagree 8% No opinion 5% 57
Whether people belonging to religious minority groups can be fully accepted members of Georgian society depends on which group they belong to Tend to agree 4% Tend to disagree 3% No opinion 20% 58
Have you ever heard or read about any of these groups? (% of respondents who replied yes) Jehova's Witnesses 8 Mama Basili 76 Cross 25 5
Do these groups create serious problems for Georgian society or not (% of respondents who are aware of them) Serious problems Not serious problems No problems at all No opinion Jehova's Witnesses 8 5 3 Mama Basili 26 37 0 Cross 23 30 60
How should the problems created by Jehova's Witnesses solved? (% of respondents who are aware of this group and think this group creates serious problems) People should try to learn more about this group 5% Other 2% No answer % Government / church should ensure the freedom of expressing and practicing religion to all groups and religions in Georgia - both traditional and non-traditional 8% This group should be forbidden in Georgia 84% 6
SOURCES OF INFORMATION 62
Sources of political information TV news, programs 2 Articles in newspapers Relatives, friends Articles in magazines Radio news, programs 23 Colleagues at work Bilboards, stands in the streets Meetings with politicians Internet Leaflets, the other free information by post Other 4 3.4 3 63
Regularly read Georgian newspapers (Top 0) Kviris Palitra 2 Alia 24 Saati Rezonansi Asaval-Dasavali Axali Taoba Versia Kronika Sakartvelos Respublika Epoka 5 5 5 5 4 3 2 None 52 64
Regularly viewed Georgian TV channels (Top 5) Rustavi2 86 Channel 84 Imedi Channel Ajara 6 None 8 65
Regularly listened Georgian radio channels (Top 5) Fortuna (06.) 0 Fortuna+ (03.4) 7 Georgian State Radio (02.) 4 Kartuli radio 3 Sakartvelos Khma - Voice of Georgia 2 None 72 66
Most trusted Georgian TV station news and political information (Top 5) Rustavi2 56 Channel 8 Imedi 4 Ajara 3 Channel 2 None 67
Most trusted Georgian newspaper news and political information (Top 6) Kviris Palitra 3 Alia 24 Saati 5 Axali Taoba 3 Rezonansi Asaval-Dasavali 3 3 None 7 68
Sources in election campaign Great influence Some influence Not much influence No influence at all Articles in the newspapers about candidates 3 5 26 47 TV ads 5 20 23 47 Leaflets 3 24 55 Paid ads in press for the candidiate or party 8 23 58 Radio ads 7 5 Visits of party or candidate representatives to home 4 5 8 5 Personal letters to you from the candidate 3 8 52 Billboards 0 23 5 Slogans, text on transport 8 23 6 Telephone call home 0 7 57 Meetings with politicians 23 Meetings with/opinions of opinion leaders 2 3 36 6
Recall of means in last municipal election campaign TV ads 63 Leaflets Billboards Slogans, text on transport Articles in the newspapers about the candidiates 3 3 37 Paid ads in press for the candidiate or party 20 Meetings with politicians Radio ads Meetings with/opinions of opinion leaders 5 3 Visits of party or candidate representatives to home 8 Personal letters to you from the candidate Telephone call home 3 3 70
TRUST IN ELECTIONS 7
Last municipal elections in 2002 were: No opinion % Free and fair % Not free and fair 65% 72
Parliamentary elections in 2003 will be: No opinion 2% Free and fair % Not free and fair 50% 73
How fraudulent were municipal elections in 2002? (mean score, 5 - very fraudulent, 0 - not at all fraudulent) 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 4. 3.74 3.77 3.70 3.55 3.56 3.54 3.54 3.4 3.34 3.40 3.37 3.28 3.5 2.3 2.50 2.00.50.00 0.50 0.00 3.63 74 All Male Female 8-2 y.o. 30-4 y.o. 50+ y.o. Tbilisi Kakheti Shida Kartli Kvemo Kartli Samtskhe Javakheti Achara Guria Samegrelo Imereti Mtskheta-Tianeti
How fraudulent parliamentary elections in 2003 will be (mean score, 5 - very fraudulent, 0 - not at all fraudulent) 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.78 3.50 3.00 3. 3.33 3.35 3.23 3.2 3.23 3.3 3.35 3. 3.03 3.20 3.40 3.38 2.4 2.50 2.00.50.00 0.50 0.00 3.7 75 All Male Female 8-2 y.o. 30-4 y.o. 50+ y.o. Tbilisi Kakheti Shida Kartli Kvemo Kartli Samtskhe Javakheti Achara Guria Samegrelo Imereti Mtskheta-Tianeti
Is the Georgian government implementing anti-fraud measures for the parliamentary elections in 2003? Government is implementing such measures No, it is not No opinion All Male Female 8-2 y.o. 30-4 y.o. 50+ y.o. Tbilisi Kakheti Shida Kartli Kvemo Kartli Samtskhe Javakheti Achara Guria Samegrelo Imereti Mtskheta-Tianeti 26 25 26 20 7 2 24 5 23 23 25 8 22 3 40 4 37 5 52 32 56 5 30 77 56 32 30 34 3 28 37 3 3 24 25 76
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICS 77
Gender Male % Female 54% Age groups 8-2 % 50+ % 30-4 % 78
Higher, incomplete higher 36% Education Primary 2% Unfinished secondary 6% Vocational 23% Secondary 33% Widow % Marital status Other 3% Single % Married 72% 7
Middle 3% Financial self-evaluation Well-ff 2% No answer 2% Poor 65% Four % Household size Five and more 20% One 7% Three 22% Two 30% 80
Occupation Blue collar 7 Farmer White collar 20 Executive Pensioner 7 Student 4 Housewife 7 Unemployed 20 Other 2 State sector 7% Sector of employment Nongovernmental Organization % Private sector 8% Doesn't work 64% 8
Once a week 0% Attendance of religious service Once a month % Few times a year % Few times a week 3% Every day % Never % Muslim % Gregorian 3% Other 2% Religion Catholic % Orthodox 83% 82
Membership in organizations Member of political party 3% None 7% Member of NGO.3% Ownership of real estate or other private property Another real estate or property 23% None 5% Only appartment/house were lives 62% 83
Other % Ethnicity Russian % Armenian 6% Georgian 84% Azeri 8% Language spoken at home Georgian 86% Azeri 7% Russian 3% Armenian 4% 84
Tbilisi 33% Type of settlement Big cities % Medium/small cities % Rural % Shida Kartli 7% Kvemo Kartli 0% Samtskhe Javakheti 4% Achara 7% Guria 3% Samegrelo % Imereti 5% Region Tbilisi 33% Mtskheta-Tianeti Kakheti 3% % 85
Political self-identification Undecided 47% Left 3% Center % Right % 86
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS OF POLITICIANS (RATINGS) Share of sub-groups in social groups by the rating (e.g., among people with favorable opinion to politician X, % male+% female=00%)
A. Abashidze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 54 50 50 32 68 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 5 7 40 33 53 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 8 5 32 26 60 50 7 36 58 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 32 24 34 25 3 Service attendence Once a week or more Once a month Few times/year Never 7 22 8 37 47 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 5 3 26 0 6 8 47 35 33 74 88
G. Absandze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 5 4 4 5 58 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 7 47 36 37 4 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 3 37 60 52 47 36 63 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 33 47 38 8 3 Service attendence Once a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 20 7 24 47 5 48 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 28 4 50 28 58 33 8
A. Asatiani Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 54 48 52 58 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 8 7 38 32 5 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 5 3 24 54 53 3 36 64 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 30 23 34 50 3 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 8 23 5 8 3 34 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 3 3 7 8 3 33 0 33 70 0
D. Berdzenishvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 47 53 50 50 58 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 5 7 3 5 37 50 35 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 3 2 7 52 5 48 8 65 36 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 20 37 20 36 3 3 Service attendence Once a week or more Once a month Few times/year Never 5 24 3 7 47 8 23 2 4 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 0 0 8 32 48 0 32 62 33
N. Burjanadze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 55 53 47 38 62 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 5 5 40 32 53 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 5 4 32 53 34 62 0 36 58 Income Lowest Medium Highest 26 3 3 25 52 37 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 5 8 8 5 25 48 7 37 40 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 40 7 3 4 3 40 5 33 76 2
D. Gamkrelidze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 48 52 4 5 5 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 3 5 38 34 5 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 22 20 47 5 55 36 64 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 20 38 22 33 4 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 7 20 4 20 24 2 48 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 5 8 30 8 34 68 33 3
L.Gachechiladze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 55 50 50 58 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 5 38 37 48 3 56 Education Inc. secondary Se condary Higher 23 23 50 48 56 5 36 63 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 20 34 25 33 5 3 38 Se rvice attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Fe w times/year Never 7 22 5 7 22 3 32 4 Type of se ttlement Tbilisi Big cities Me dium/small cities Rural 5 30 3 6 35 8 73 33 4
G. Topadze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 48 52 4 5 38 62 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 8 3 35 54 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 4 3 25 52 3 58 36 60 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 24 40 36 24 4 50 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more Once a month Few times/year Never 7 3 8 22 3 3 48 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 8 8 34 6 37 37 8 33 74 5
B. Ivanishvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 4 5 52 48 57 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 32 7 4 5 38 48 37 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 3 3 56 54 60 36 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 20 3 22 37 34 3 Service attendence Once a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 5 23 7 4 24 25 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 6 0 25 53 3 0 35 54 23 33 6
V. Lortkipanidze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 58 53 47 40 60 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 5 7 5 3 37 48 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 38 58 48 50 20 36 62 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 30 2 22 35 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more Once a month Few times/year Never 7 7 5 0 23 4 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 5 30 5 7 8 3 48 30 5 65 33 7
L. Mamaladze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 57 50 50 38 62 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 8 35 47 40 53 33 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 7 2 22 66 8 52 36 60 Income Lowest Medium Highest 20 2 52 35 23 50 3 38 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 5 22 23 8 0 2 47 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 20 47 8 57 32 33 68 8
M. Machavariani Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 57 52 48 5 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 37 32 54 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 4 2 50 54 36 65 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 24 32 22 35 5 8 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 22 5 4 23 32 47 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 5 7 3 32 6 34 8 73 33
I. Menagarishvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 56 50 50 5 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 3 8 3 34 50 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 4 3 22 40 56 52 7 36 6 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 26 30 23 35 4 3 Service attendence Once a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 8 8 5 24 48 8 3 3 47 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 33 3 8 3 40 6 47 32 0 33 70 00
S. Natelashvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 47 53 48 53 40 60 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 5 3 35 34 53 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 5 4 37 26 5 50 36 58 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 30 26 22 3 3 50 38 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 3 20 7 8 8 24 4 0 35 37 48 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 37 6 0 5 3 8 33 72 0
B. Patarkatsishvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 4 5 48 52 5 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 35 5 34 54 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 4 2 5 56 36 60 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 23 35 23 33 4 0 3 Service attendence Once a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 24 5 20 3 2 4 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 5 5 8 33 6 34 6 33 02
J. Patiashvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 47 53 48 52 37 63 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 47 20 37 34 Education Inc. secondary Se condary Higher 8 4 30 22 62 4 47 22 36 56 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 34 23 37 3 Se rvice attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Fe w times/year Never 5 8 8 5 7 22 4 22 33 Type of se ttlement Tbilisi Big cities Me dium/small cities Rural 3 30 3 7 8 35 5 33 67 03
Z. Zhvania Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 55 50 50 34 66 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 7 3 47 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 6 5 50 36 5 7 36 55 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 28 3 28 28 50 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 20 7 4 22 3 34 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 8 0 4 0 3 37 33 33 74 04
V. Rcheulishvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Fe male Age 57 4 52 5 54 8-2 30-4 50+ Education 40 36 5 Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income 7 4 2 26 64 5 53 36 5 Lowe st Medium Highe st Se rvice atte ndence 2 4 33 26 5 40 3 O nce a week or more Once a month Few times/ye ar Never Type of settlement 8 7 8 22 47 8 0 33 48 Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 20 3 48 4 35 8 33 75 05
M. Saakashvili Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 55 50 50 5 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 8 40 38 4 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 6 4 55 3 56 36 58 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 30 30 0 5 3 3 Service attendence Once a week or more Once a month Few times/year Never 5 7 5 8 22 50 23 32 40 48 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 40 8 37 3 36 40 7 33 76 06
I. Sarishvili-Chanturia Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 37 63 52 48 5 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 7 3 38 4 Education Inc. secondary Se condary Higher 6 4 25 58 7 54 36 5 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 3 26 3 0 3 Se rvice attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Fe w times/year Never 7 8 5 6 22 50 20 34 48 Type of se ttlement Tbilisi Big cities Me dium/small cities Rural 5 2 3 8 4 5 37 8 33 73 07
E. Shevarnadze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 56 47 53 37 63 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 7 3 47 40 38 50 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 0 7 32 7 58 38 55 3 36 52 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 34 30 2 5 40 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 5 22 28 47 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 7 5 40 22 38 33 62 08
K. Chkhaidze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 53 47 47 53 40 60 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 3 3 38 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 23 54 5 24 62 36 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 3 34 37 40 8 3 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 20 5 24 50 7 25 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 22 7 7 52 2 23 55 33 0
L. Chanturia Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 47 53 53 47 58 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 47 38 37 47 47 36 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income Lowest Medium Highest 22 8 54 38 22 3 34 50 48 8 3 24 62 36 56 Service attendence O nce a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 7 4 25 0 0 8 3 30 5 48 57 48 33 0
G. Chanturia Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 53 47 50 50 58 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 7 3 5 37 47 37 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 22 4 4 5 47 25 6 36 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 20 35 22 35 3 3 Service attendence Once a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 7 8 24 5 7 7 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 37 0 33 33 24 55 33
M. Khazaradze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 5 4 5 4 5 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 5 3 3 47 37 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 22 5 54 5 47 23 63 36 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 37 38 5 3 Service attendence Once a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 25 8 47 7 0 22 47 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 5 32 2 5 60 8 33
A. Jorbenadze Favorable Unfavorable No opinion ALL VOTERS Male Female 54 50 50 37 63 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 8 3 47 38 37 5 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 5 3 32 23 63 47 50 5 36 62 Income Lowest Medium Highest 22 32 37 5 40 3 Service attendence Once a week or more O nce a month Few times/year Never 20 5 8 22 2 52 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 20 6 7 50 4 3 0 33 7 3
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS OF PARTIES SUPPORTERS AND OPPONENTS Share of sub-groups in social groups by the support and opposition (e.g., among people who would vote for party X, % male+% female=00%)
NEW RIGHTS Supporters Opponents ALL VOTERS Male Age 30-4 Education Secondary Income Medium Service attendence Once a week Few times/year Type of settlement Big cities Rural 2 4 0 22 8 6 4 3 3 36 8 5 55 37 56 0 52 8 28 58 52 62 28 3 33 48 36 54 56 5
UNITED DEMOCRATS Supporters Opponents ALL VOTERS Male Female Age 8-2 30-4 50+ Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income Lowest Medium Highest Service attendence Few times/w. O nce a week Once a month Few times/year Never Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 8 7 8 2 22 32 52 48 40 48 2 5 4 8 4 0 2 8 5 3 8 26 28 66 34 20 36 5 5 55 3 54 56 8 36 33 54 56
NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY Supporters Opponents ALL VOTERS Male Female Age 8-2 30-4 50+ Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income Lowest Medium Highest Service attendence Few times/w. Once a week Once a month Few times/year Never Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 6 7 2 8 23 26 34 4 3 4 5 0 3 47 53 5 4 65 63 7 25 6 40 20 33 7 3 33 53 52 48 3 47 54 54 36 54 56 7
LEIBORIST PARTY Supporters Opponents ALL VOTERS Male Female Age 8-2 30-4 50+ Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income Lowest Medium Highest 5 34 2 4 5 5 8 60 8 37 3 4 5 3 50 36 54 56 Service attendence Few times/w. O nce a week Once a month Few times/year Never Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 5 4 0 0 22 5 8 35 0 50 38 33 54 8
INDUSTRY WILL SAVE GEORGIA PARTY Supporters Opponents ALL VOTERS Male Female Age 8-2 30-4 50+ Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income Lowest Medium Highest Service attendence Few times/w. Once a week Once a month Few times/year Never Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 20 3 5 22 8 3 37 4 4 4 5 5 22 55 3 5 48 0 30 32 20 40 3 32 33 40 53 5 47 57 3 36 54 56
NATIONAL MOVEMENT Supporters Opponents ALL VOTERS Male Female Age 8-2 30-4 50+ Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income Lowest Medium Highest 6 8 4 5 3 35 8 50 23 34 35 7 37 47 54 3 48 55 36 54 56 Service attendence Few times/w. Once a week O nce a month Few times/year Never Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 2 4 4 0 7 0 0 2 0 54 24 50 8 56 33 0
CITIZENS UNION OF GEORGIA Supporters Opponents ALL VOTERS Male Female 48 52 47 54 54 Age 8-2 30-4 50+ 3 4 3 Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher 8 8 6 37 55 36 56 Income Lowest Medium Highest 7 3 7 35 48 3 Service attendence Few times/w. Once a week O nce a month Few times/year Never 3 4 4 0 0 3 25 0 4 24 Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 3 6 8 0 65 33 56
UNDECIDED GEORGIAN VOTERS Undecided ALL VOTERS Male Female Age 8-2 30-4 50+ Education Inc. secondary Secondary Higher Income Lowest Medium Highest 22 3 36 50 38 8 6 58 36 3 56 54 Service attendence Few times/w. O nce a week Once a month Few times/year Never Type of settlement Tbilisi Big cities Medium/small cities Rural 4 4 0 0 33 33 2