Mississippi Social Studies Frameworks, Mississippi Social Studies Frameworks, United States History to 1877 (Grade 8) EIGHTH GRADE (United States History to 1877) STRANDS: (C-Civics); (H-History); (G-Geography); (E-Economics) COMPETENCIES and Suggested Objectives 1. Explain how geography, economics, and politics have influenced the historical development of the United States in the global community. (C, H, G, E) a. Compare the Pre-Columbian societies of North America. b. Examine the exploration and colonization periods of the United States. SE/ The First Civilizations of the Americas, 36 41; Native American Cultures, 42 49; Trade Networks of Africa and Asia, 50 54; Tradition and Change in Europe, 55 63; Review and Assessment, 64 65 34A 34D See related Unit Exercises: Chapter 2; Color SE/ Exploration and Colonization, 66 67; An Era of Exploration, 68 73; Spain Builds an Empire, 74 80; Colonizing North America, 81 86; Building the Jamestown Colony, 87 92; Seeking Religious Freedom, 93 97; Review and Assessment, 98 99; The Thirteen English Colonies, 100 101; The New England Colonies, 102 107; The Middle Colonies, 108 112; The Southern Colonies, 113 119; Review and Assessment, 132 133 66A 66D, 100A 100D - 1 -
c. Identify the causes and effects of the American Revolution and describe the sequence of events that led to American victory. d. Identify reasons for immigration to the United States. e. Discuss the causes and effects of the Industrial Revolution. SE/ Crisis in the Colonies, 138 139; The French and Indian War, 140 145; Turmoil Over Taxation, 146 154; From Protest to Revolution, 155 161; Review and Assessment, 162 163; The American Revolution, 166 167; Fighting Begins in the North, 168 171; The Colonies Declare Independence, 173 180; Struggles in the Middle States, 181 185; Fighting for Liberty on Many Fronts, 186 190; Winning the War in the South, 191 195; Review and Assessment, 196 197 138A 138D, 166A 166D SE/ Colonizing North America, 81 86; Building the Jamestown Colony, 87 92; Seeking Religious Freedom, 93 97; Immigration, 293, 398, 402, 415, 416, 545 546, 569 SE/ The Industrial Revolution, 330 335; Industry in the North, 408 411; Urbanization, 420 421-2 -
f. Identify the causes and effects of the Western movement. g. Explain how the expansion of slavery led to regional tension. h. Evaluate the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on the United States. SE/ The Louisiana Purchase, 306 311; Review and Assessment, 326 327; Americans Move Westward, 337 341; Westward Expansion, 378 379; Oregon Country, 380 384; The Republic of Texas, 385 390; California and the Southwest, 391 393; The Mexican War, 394 397; Americans Rush West, 398 403; Review and Assessment, 403 405 300A 300D, 328A 328D, 378A 378D SE/ Slavery Divides the Nation, 458 459; Slavery in the Territories, 460 462; The Compromise of 1850, 463 467; The Crisis Deepens, 468 472; The Republican Party Emerges, 473 477; A Nation Divides, 478 481, Review and Assessment, 482 483 458A 458D SE/ The War Ends, 505 511; Thirteenth Amendment, 519; Fourteenth Amendment, 522 523; Fifteenth Amendment, 524; The Power of the Fifteenth Amendment, 525; The End of Reconstruction, 530 533-3 -
i. Identify the causes and effects of the Civil War and describe the sequence of events that led to the Union victory. SE/ A Nation Divides, 478 481; The Civil War, 484 485; The Conflict Takes Shape, 486 489; No Easy Victory, 490 495; A Promise of Freedom, 496 499; Hardships of War, 500 504; The War Ends, 505 511; Review and Assessment, 512 513 478A 478D j. Examine Reconstruction. SE/ Reconstruction and the Changing South, 514 515; Early Steps to Reunion, 516 519; Radical Reconstruction, 521 525; The South Under Reconstruction, 526 529; The End of Reconstruction, 530 533; Review and Assessment, 534 535 514A 514D 2. Analyze the development of the foundations of American democracy. (C, H) a. Using primary and secondary sources, compare and contrast the major documents that laid the foundation for democracy (e.g., Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, the United States Constitution, etc.). SE/ The Colonies Declare Independence, 173 176; The Declaration of Independence, 177 180; Review and Assessment, 196 197; A Loose Confederation, 200 205; The Constitutional Convention, 206 210; Ideas Behind the Constitution, 211 214; Ratification and the Bill of Rights, 215 219; Review and Assessment, 220 221; Constitution of the United States, 222 245-4 -
b. Examine the development of rights and responsibilities established through historical documents (e.g., Magna Carta, Bill of Rights, etc.). c. Examine the role of the Founding Fathers (e.g., Washington, Adams, and Jefferson). d. Describe the formation and development of political parties. SE/ Magna Carta, 90, 123, 124, 213; Mayflower Compact, 94 95, 213; House of Burgesses, 92, 213; Iroquois Confederacy, 47 48, 64 65, 72; Greek and Roman Traditions, 56 57; Ideas Behind the Constitution, 211 214; Ratification and the Bill of Rights, 215 219; Review and Assessment, 220 221; Constitution of the United States, 222 245 SE/ Turmoil Over Taxation, 146 153; From Protest to Revolution, 155 160; Review and Assessment, 162 163; The Colonies Declare Independence, 173 180; Text of the Declaration of Independence, 177 180; The Constitutional Convention, 206 210; Ideas Behind the Constitution, 211 214; Ratification and the Bill of Rights, 215 219; Review and Assessment, 220 221; Constitution of the United States, 222 245 SE/ Political Parties Emerge, 287 290; The Federalist Party Splits, 292 293; Review and Assessment, 296 297; The Republican Party Emerges, 473 477; Democratic Party, 364, 462, 478, 509, 510; Political Parties, 287, 288 289, 364, 375, 473 474, 478, 509, 517, 519, 521 524, 529 276A 276D - 5 -
(Continued) d. Describe the formation and development of political parties. (Continued) 3. Evaluate the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on the United States. (C, H, G, E) a. Identify the causes and effects of the Civil War and the Reconstruction. b. Describe the sequence of events that led to the Union victory. SE/ A Nation Divides, 478 481; The Civil War, 484 485; The Conflict Takes Shape, 486 489; No Easy Victory, 490 495; A Promise of Freedom, 496 499; Hardships of War, 500 504; The War Ends, 505 511; Review and Assessment, 512 513; Reconstruction and the Changing South, 514 515; Early Steps to Reunion, 516 519; Radical Reconstruction, 521 525; The South Under Reconstruction, 526 529; The End of Reconstruction, 530 533; Review and Assessment, 534 535 478A 478D, 514A 514D SE/ The Conflict Takes Shape, 486 489; No Easy Victory, 490 495; A Promise of Freedom, 496 499; The War Ends, 505 511; Review and Assessment, 512 513 478A 478D - 6 -
c. Examine the impact of Reconstruction. SE/ Reconstruction and the Changing South, 514 515; Early Steps to Reunion, 516 519; Radical Reconstruction, 521 525; The South Under Reconstruction, 526 529; The End of Reconstruction, 530 533; Review and Assessment, 534 535 514A 514D 4. Analyze spatial and ecological relationships between, people, places, and environments using social studies tools (e.g., timelines, maps, globes, primary and secondary resources, charts, political cartoons, graphs, a compass, technology, etc.). (C, H, G, E) a. Analyze and evaluate the patterns of migration and the consequences of human migration and territorial expansion within the United States (e.g., Native Americans, 49ers). SE/ The New England Colonies, 102 107; The Middle Colonies, 108 112; The Southern Colonies, 117 123; Westward Migration, 337 341, 394 397, 398 402, 403, 404 405; Northwest Territory, 203, 205; Oregon Country, 380 384; North and South, 406 431; New Immigrants in a Promised Land, 600 605; The New Immigrants, 894 895; Geography Skills: Movement, 32, 37, 59, 62, 76, 82, 98, 111, 170, 182, 308, 323, 340, 386, 395, 400, 410, 491, 655, 673, 676, 682, 699, 791, 797, 816, 828; Resettlement of Native Americans, 371, 372, 373, 374, 376; Suburbs, 613, 728, 844, 845, 846-7 -
b. Trace the exploration and expansion from the Old World to the New World. c. Trace the shift in United States society from agricultural/rural to industrial/urban. SE/ Exploration and Colonization, 66 67; An Era of Exploration, 68 73; Spain Builds an Empire, 74 80; Colonizing North America, 81 86; Building the Jamestown Colony, 87 92; Seeking Religious Freedom, 93 97; Review and Assessment, 98 99; The Thirteen English Colonies, 100 101; The New England Colonies, 102 107; The Middle Colonies, 108 112; The Southern Colonies, 113 119; Review and Assessment, 132 133 66A 66D, 100A 100D SE/ The Industrial Revolution, 330 335; Industry in the North, 408 411; Industrial Growth, 572 573; Railroads Spur Industry, 574 577; The Rise of Big Business, 578 587; Inventions Change the Nation, 584 589; The Rise of Organized Labor, 590 595; Review and Assessment, 596 597; Urbanization, 600 616, 697 d. Measure distances on maps and globes. SE/ Thinking Geographically, 4 9; Lands and Climates of the United States, 11 19; Connecting With Geography, 49, 205, 311, 495, 567, 758; Geography and History, 43, 193, 281, 350, 506, 545, 575, 641, 780, 824, 890; Maps: Critical Thinking, 3, 8, 10, 12, 16, 33, 35, 37, 44, 51, 59, 67, 76, 77, 79, 82, 90, 101, 103, 111, 115, 139, 142, 144, 167, 170, 182, 188, 192, 199, 201, 203, 247, 277, 301, 308, 311, 317, 323, 329, 340, 349, 359, 363, - 8 -
(Continued) d. Measure distances on maps and globes. e. Interpret special purpose maps (e.g., historical, population, etc.). (Continued) SE/ 379, 381, 386, 390, 395, 400, 405, 407, 410, 433, 459, 469, 479, 485, 491, 495, 507, 509, 515, 531, 541, 543, 548, 560, 573, 611, 623, 629, 659, 664, 673, 676, 679, 6785, 699, 707, 717, 745, 773, 791, 797, 813, 817, 828, 841, 871, 876, 881, 885 SE/ Thinking Geographically, 4 9; Lands and Climates of the United States, 11 19; Connecting With Geography, 49, 205, 311, 495, 567, 758; Geography and History, 43, 193, 281, 350, 506, 545, 575, 641, 780, 824, 890; Maps: Critical Thinking, 3, 8, 10, 12, 16, 33, 35, 37, 44, 51, 59, 67, 76, 77, 79, 82, 90, 101, 103, 111, 115, 139, 142, 144, 167, 170, 182, 188, 192, 199, 201, 203, 247, 277, 301, 308, 311, 317, 323, 329, 340, 349, 359, 363, 379, 381, 386, 390, 395, 400, 405, 407, 410, 433, 459, 469, 479, 485, 491, 495, 507, 509, 515, 531, 541, 543, 548, 560, 573, 611, 623, 629, 659, 664, 673, 676, 679, 6785, 699, 707, 717, 745, 773, 791, 797, 813, 817, 828, 841, 871, 876, 881, 885-9 -
f. Analyze statistical information using social studies tools (e.g. charts or graphs on crop production, etc.). SE/ Interpreting Graphs and Charts, 271, 683; Charts and Graphs, 5, 18, 19, 24, 28, 39, 45, 49, 71, 79, 85, 122, 148, 154, 161, 163, 184, 203, 217, 226, 233, 235, 250, 253, 256, 258, 260, 271, 280, 289, 297, 303, 315, 327, 336, 345, 347, 353, 361 399, 410, 415, 420, 425, 427, 435, 453, 464, 465, 479, 483, 487, 503, 520, 522, 531, 535, 549, 581, 585, 592, 601, 603, 607, 635, 663, 667, 677, 681, 683, 692, 733, 743, 748, 761, 764, 793, 809, 833, 844, 866, 873, 889, 896, 899, 901; Cause-and- Effect Chart, 11, 125, 186, 394, 463, 496, 778, 883 g. Analyze political cartoons. SE/ Political Cartoon, 21, 172, 197, 221, 267, 292, 318, 367, 436, 474, 528, 572, 576, 592, 597, 628, 633, 644, 655, 678, 683, 708, 719, 744, 760, 781, 815, 822, 839, 875 5. Identify how the government established by the Constitution embodies the purposes, values, and principles of American democracy. (C, H) a. Explain how and why powers are distributed and shared between national and state governments in the federal system. SE/ State and Local Governments, 262 264; Federalism, 215 216, 251, 252 257, 303 305, 307-10 -
b. Explain the essential fundamentals of American constitutional government. c. Recognize the importance of the rule of law for the protection of individual rights and the common good. d. Analyze the political values and principles of American democracy as expressed in basic documents (e.g., Declaration of Independence, United States Constitution, Bill of Rights). SE/ Government, Citizenship, and the Constitution 246 247; Goals and Principles of the Constitution, 248 251; How the Federal Government Works, 252 258; Changing the Constitution, 259 261; State and Local Governments, 262 264; Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship, 265 269; Review and Assessment, 270 271 246A 246D SE/ Magna Carta, 90, 123, 124, 213; English Bill of Rights, 123; Ratification and the Bill of Rights, 215 219; Government, Citizenship, and the Constitution 246 247; Goals and Principles of the Constitution, 248 251; How the Federal Government Works, 252 258; Changing the Constitution, 259 261; State and Local Governments, 262 264; Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship, 265 269; Review and Assessment, 270 271 SE/ Magna Carta, 90, 123, 124, 213; Mayflower Compact, 94 95, 213; The Colonies Declare Independence, 173 180; Text of the Declaration of Independence, 177 180; Ideas Behind the Constitution, 211 214; Ratification and the Bill of Rights, 215 219; Review and Assessment, 220 221; Constitution of the United States, 222 245-11 -
6. Analyze the ideals, principles, and practices of citizens in a democratic society. (C) a. Assess the importance of certain traits of character in a democracy (e.g., civility, persistence, nationalism, integrity, courage, common good, loyalty, honesty, fairness, justice, equality, responsibility, freedom, diversity, compassion, authority, etc.). b. Evaluate the value and challenge of diversity in American life. SE/ For related information see American Profile pages 13, 40, 89, 105, 109, 152, 156, 189, 202, 208, 257, 266, 288, 309, 322, 343, 371, 382, 393, 414, 423, 4440, 445, 481, 489, 494, 527, 559, 565, 579, 591, 609, 615, 631, 634, 665, 672, 693, 701, 725, 731, 753, 767, 787, 792, 811, 818, 850, 863, 879, and 895. Government, Citizenship, and the Constitution 246 247; Goals and Principles of the Constitution, 248 251; How the Federal Government Works, 252 258; Changing the Constitution, 259 261; State and Local Governments, 262 264; Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship, 265 269; Review and Assessment, 270 271 SE/ African Americans, 60, 91, 125, 186 188, 257, 259, 350, 402, 416, 417, 421, 423 424, 430 431, 437, 440, 471 472, 517 518, 520, 528, 521, 522 524, 528, 530 532, 553 554, 563, 591, 592, 607, 614, 617, 621, 649, 650 651, 696, 700, 731 735, 739, 740 741, 754, 767, 786 787, 829, 841, 847, 850 851, 863; Chinese Immigrants, 398, 402, 549, 550, 570, 603, 605, 652 653; Mexican Americans, 397, 401, 549, 553 554, 563, 601, 649, 651, 653, 695 696, 697, 746 747, 765, 766, 767, 788, 851; Japanese Americans, 652, 653, 786, 787, 788; Native Americans, 36 41, 42 47, 63, 72, 83 86, 89, 97, 106, 107, 110, 114 115, 141, 143 144, 301, 317, 322, 372, 382, 383, 384, 401 402, 544, 545, 546, 549 551, 557, 558, 559, 560 561, 653, 694, 796, 867-12 -
c. Explain how political parties provide opportunities for citizens to participate in government. d. Determine origins and resolutions of political conflict in the United States. SE/ Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship, 265 269; Review and Assessment, 270 271; Political Parties, 287, 288 289, 364, 375, 473 474, 478, 509, 517, 519, 521 524, 529 SE/ Political Parties Emerge, 287 290; A Republican Takes Office, 302 305; Unity and Division, 342 346; A New Era in Politics, 360 364; A New Crisis, 370 374; Slavery Divides the Nation, 458 483; Reconstruction, 514 537; Political Parties, 364, 375, 473 474, 478, 509, 517, 519, 521 524, 529 7. Examine the interaction of individuals, families, communities (microeconomics), businesses, and governments (macroeconomics) and the potential costs and benefits to the United States economy. (G, E) a. Compare and contrast the economic factors that led to the development of America (e.g., exploration, colonization, immigration, sectionalism, industry in the North vs. agriculture in the South, tariffs, etc.). SE/ Exploration and Colonization, 66 67; An Era of Exploration, 68 73; Spain Builds an Empire, 74 80; Colonizing North America, 81 86; Building the Jamestown Colony, 87 92; Mercantilism, 120 121; The New England Colonies, 102 107; The Middle Colonies, 108 112; The Southern Colonies, 113 119; The Industrial Revolution, 330 336; Industry in the North, 408 412; Cotton Kingdom in the South, 418 421; Foreign Trade, 888; Tariffs, 281, 296, 344, 345, 346, 370, 371; NAFTA, 871, 889; Free Enterprise, 581 582; A Global Economy, 888 893 Companion Web Site - 13 -
b. Recognize the economic factors that influenced the development of the federalist system (e.g., Hamilton s assumption of the national debt). SE/ Reducing the Nation s Debt, 280 281; Plans to Build the Economy, 281; The Whiskey Rebellion, 282 Companion Web Site 8. Describe the impact of technology on the development of the United States and its ecology. (H, E) a. Analyze the effect of inventions on the United States (e.g., cotton gin, mechanical reaper, Franklin stove, etc.). b. Examine the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the United States. SE/ Cotton Gin, 419; Connecting with Science and Technology: Benjamin Franklin, 131; How a Textile Mill Worked, 336; The Telegraph, 412; Inventions Change the Nation, 584 589; Medicine, 501; Photography, 427, 511, 587; Railroads, 575, 587; Space Exploration, 857, 860, 869; Space Program, 825, 826, 833, 857, 860, 869 Transparencies CD-ROM, Social Studies Skills Tutor CD- SE/ The Industrial Revolution, 330 335; Industry in the North, 408 411; Industrial Growth, 572 573; Railroads Spur Industry, 574 577; The Rise of Big Business, 578 587; Inventions Change the Nation, 584 589; The Rise of Organized Labor, 590 595; Review and Assessment, 596 597-14 -
c. Evaluate the importance of improvements in transportation and communication (e.g., steamboats, railroads, canals, telegraph, etc.). SE/ Transportation Systems: Steam Transport, 339 340; The Canal Boom, 340 341; Automobiles, 573, 583, 587 589, 726 728, 842, 846; Airplanes, 589; Computers, 45; Railroads, 406, 410, 411, 487, 549 551, 570, 575, 587; Space Exploration, 857, 860, 869; Space Program, 825, 826, 833, 857, 860, 869; Subways, 599; Wagon Trains, 380, 383, 384, 399; Communication, 409, 412, 505, 584, 585, 586, 587, 846 847, 848, 891, 892, 900 Highways, 338; Traveler s Reviews, 339 Reference: http://www.mde.k12.ms.us/acad/id/curriculum/ss/2004_framework/5-8.doc - 15 -