Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The new federal government in America took actions that would set an example for the future. In George Washington s words, these exemplary actions will serve to establish a a. procedure. c. policy. b. precursor. d. precedent. 2. Which of the following actions was not part of Alexander Hamilton s economic plan? a. consolidating the debt from the Revolutionary War b. taxing domestic goods and adding tariffs to foreign imports c. using the national mint to add more cash to the economy d. repaying the value of war bonds to increase trust in the economy 3. Alexander Hamilton stood for a flexible reading of the Constitution, but Thomas Jefferson stood for a. loose construction. c. strict construction. b. soft construction. d. tight construction. 4. According to Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, what was the most serious flaw in Alexander Hamilton s plan for a national bank? a. The federal government lacked the authority to create a national bank, making the bank unconstitutional. b. Keeping the nation s money in one place would create unnecessary risk, endangering the economy in case of foreign attack or natural disaster. c. A national bank would put private moneylenders out of business, giving the federal government an unfair monopoly on granting loans. d. A national bank would rob the states of power, leading to friction between the states and the federal government. 5. Alexander Hamilton changed Southerners minds about paying war debt by convincing northern members of Congress to move the capital to a. Boston. c. Philadelphia. b. New York City. d. Washington, D.C. 6. Economically speaking, Thomas Jefferson might agree most with which of the following ideas? a. Entrepreneurs are the key to America s success, so the government should award prizes to those who make the best products. b. Agriculture is the backbone of the economy, as the production of goods domestically ensures America s independence. c. American farmers are essential to economic stability, so tariffs should be raised on foreign goods for the sake of protecting American crops. d. The wealthy have had the most success, so their contributions should be given priority when making policy decisions. 7. George Washington s statement that America would not take sides in disputes between warring European countries was called a. the Swiss Pact. c. the Peace Treaty of 1793. b. the Neutrality Proclamation. d. Pinckney s Treaty.
8th - EXAM - CHAPTER 6 8. Why did some members of Congress criticize George Washington s pronouncement about staying out of disputes between European countries? a. They felt the president was overstepping the bounds of his authority and wanted to enforce the separation of powers. b. They felt there was a clear favorite in the dispute between France and Great Britain and wanted to express their sympathies. c. They felt it would be best for national security if the United States forged clear alliances with foreign nations. d. They felt that the president s idea was sensible, but that the executive branch should have to answer to the legislative branch. 9. Why did Thomas Jefferson criticize U.S. Policy toward France? a. He disagreed with George Washington s stance on foreign alliances because he believed the new United States should use its military power whenever it could. b. He believed the U.S. owed France support because France had backed the U.S. during the Revolutionary War. c. He wanted to undermine Alexander Hamilton s pro-british stance and reduce his rival s influence on the president s foreign policy. d. He was eager to quit his position in George Washington s cabinet and saw the French issue as a convenient excuse. 10. In the 1790s, the United States signed a number of treaties that would outline its boundaries and expand its territories. Which of the following is such a treaty? a. The Treaty of Little Turtle b. The Treaty of the Northwest Territories c. The Treaty of Greenville d. The Treaty of Bastille 11. Pinckney s Treaty addressed American settlers disputes over the Florida border with which country? a. France c. Spain b. Britain d. Mexico 12. On their march to the western frontier to fight the American Indians, many of General Wayne s troops were afflicted with influenza, a disease of the a. esophagus. c. heart. b. lungs. d. bones. 13. How did the Whiskey Rebellion end? a. Tax collectors tarred and feathered the rebels before Washington s army arrived. b. The rebels hid their stores of whiskey before Washington s army arrived. c. Most of the rebels fled before Washington s army arrived. d. Most of the rebels formed a militia and battled Washington s army. 14. In George Washington s farewell address, he did not warn against which of the following dangers? a. making foreign alliances b. burdening future generations with debt c. increasing political conflicts at home d. maintaining the institution of slavery
8th - EXAM - CHAPTER 6 15. Who became vice president as a result of the 1796 election? a. Jefferson c. Madison b. Adams d. Hamilton 16. The Republicans took control from the Federalists in 1800 as a result of popular distaste for the Alien and Sedition Acts, which limited all except which of the following freedoms? a. speech c. expression b. press d. religion 17. The Alien and Sedition Acts were supported by the Federalists as a way to a. protect the country from Republican critics. b. limit government power over foreigners and citizens who criticized the government. c. imprison foreigners and journalists. d. punish French speakers. 18. Republicans main criticism of the Alien and Sedition Acts was that they a. gave too much power to the national government and interfered with state government. b. took too many rights, such as freedom of speech, away from foreigners. c. went against the American policy of neutrality. d. forced the press to publish falsehoods. 19. During the presidency of John Quincy Adams, three French agents would discuss a treaty with the U.S. only in exchange for a bribe. The incident came to be known as the a. ABC Talks c. XYZ Event b. ABC Incident d. XYZ Affair 20. Which best describes President John Adams s attitude toward going to war with France? a. He was eager to go to war despite the cost. b. He wanted war, but would not declare it without congressional approval. c. He thought war might be unavoidable and gave up on hopes for a treaty. d. He refused to declare war despite protests by members of his own party. 21. Loose construction is best defined as a. the idea that the parts of the Constitution need not be interpreted in the context of the whole. b. the interpretation that says the federal government can take reasonable actions in special cases as long as they are not specifically forbidden by the Constitution. c. the notion that there is an elasticity to the Constitution that allows politicians to stretch it in order to deal with any new situation. d. the position that says the Constitution allows only necessary means to deal with new situations and should not be stretched merely because politicians find it convenient. 22. The Judiciary Act of 1789 was passed by President George Washington to set up a system of federal courts because he believed that a. the stability and success of the national government depends on the interpretation and execution of its laws by an independent judicial branch. b. the problems of crime and violence caused by a growing population could be prevented by extending the reach of the judicial branch.
c. with the executive and legislative branches securely in place, the judiciary branch was the last piece needed to complete the puzzle of a new government. d. when cases of constitutional interpretation arose the executive and legislative branches would not have time to make good judgments. 23. Which statement best characterizes American farmers in 1790? a. They were independent people who didn t want government interfering in their daily lives. b. They were civic-minded people who took every opportunity to organize and participate in community events. c. They were hard working and generous people who wanted to have their tax money distributed to those less fortunate. d. They were extremely competitive people and refused to accept any law designed to protect them from foreign rivals. 24. The nation which indulges [allows] toward another an habitual [regular] hatred or an habitual fondness is in some degree a slave. It is a slave to its animosity [hate] or to its affection, either of which is sufficient [enough] to lead it astray from its duty and its interest. George Washington, quoted in The Annals of America Which statement accurately paraphrases George Washington s statement? a. In foreign policy, a nation should never have feelings of love or hatred for other nations and should always pursue its own interests regardless of what other nations do. b. Nations should not practice slavery, otherwise they will create hatred in their neighbors. c. In foreign policy, a nation should not make it a habit to love or hate another nation, as either attachment will cloud national judgment and lead the nation away from its best interests. d. Freedom is the highest priority for Americans, and Americans will lose their freedom if they regularly permit foreign nations to dictate American duty and interest. 25. According to George Washington s Farewell Address, what was the key to national success? a. political unity c. economic security b. neutrality in foreign policy d. checks and balances 26. What was the United States s first capital city? a. Philadelphia c. New York b. Boston d. Washington, D.C. 27. Wall Street was famous for being a center of a. law courts. c. trade. b. financial activity. d. the fine arts. 28. How did Alexander Hamilton plan to protect American merchants? a. raise tariffs on foreign trade goods b. cut taxes for American manufacturers c. lower tariffs on all goods d. use the U.S. Army
PRACTICING SOCIAL STUDIES SKILLS Study the time line below and answer the questions that follow. 29. What happened about three months after George Washington became president? a. Jay's Treaty sparked protest. b. Washington issued the Neutrality Proclamation. c. French citizens stormed the Bastille. d. Little Turtle defeated U.S. forces. 30. What happened in New Orleans in 1795? a. The Treaty of Greenville sparked protests. b. Pinckney's Treaty reopened the port of New Orleans. c. The city successfully maintained neutrality. d. Jay's Treaty was signed there on the banks of the Mississippi. True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 31. President Washington faced major problems both from within the states and from foreign countries. 32. General Anthony Wayne led federal troops in putting down the Whiskey Rebellion. 33. The Treaty of Greenville settled the border dispute between the United States and Great Britain. 34. Alexander Hamilton opposed the Alien and Sedition Acts. 35. President Washington agreed with the proposal for a national bank. Completion Complete each statement. 36. Benjamin Banneker was asked by Thomas Jefferson to survey the land for a new American. (capital/monument) 37. U.S. farmers rebelled against a new tax on American-made. (guns/whiskey) 38. The defeat of ended Native Americans resistance to settlers in the Northwest Territory. (Chief Little Turtle/Squanto) 39. The American Revolution inspired many people in France to _ against their government. (take action/vote) 40. The country of disputed the border between the United States and Florida, an issue that was settled in Pinckney s Treaty. (Spain/France)