---------- -- - I :j. ORDINANCE NO An ordinance amending Article 1 and Article 8, Chapter IX of the Los Angeles Municipal Code and incorporating by reference portions of the 1985 Uniform Building Code. THE PEOPLE OF THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Sec. 1. Subsection (a) of Section 91.0204 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: I i l- -, \ I ' (a) Fees. Before issuing any permit required by this Code, the Department shall collect a fee. The amount of the fee shall be as shown in Table No. 2-A for the total value of all construction or work for which the permit is issued, including all painting, papering, roofing, electrical work, plumbing, permanent or fired heating equipment, elevator equipment, fire sprinkler equipment and any other permanent portions or permanent equipment, except as provided in Section 91.0102 of this Code. No portion of any building, including mechanical, electrical and plumbing work shall be excluded from the valuation for a building permit because of any other permits required by any governing agency. ( -1- /
------~--------- -~.. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Combined Building-Mechanical Permits. A combined building-mechanical permit shall entitle the permittee to inspection of all buildings, electrical, plumbing, heating, ventilating and air conditioning work in the following systems. A combined building-mechanical permit may be issued, provided a fee is paid. A. The fee shall be 175 percent of the permit fee as determined by Table 2-A in connection with the construction or installation of the following: (i) A new one-family or two-family dwelling. (ii) A pool accessory to a one-family dwelling, except that for pools which are exempt from a building permit but may require a permit for electrical, plumbing and heating work, a combined building-mechanical permit may be issued, provided the fee paid is 75 percent of the fee as determined from Table 2-A. (iii) A complete solar heating and/or cooling system installation appurtenant to and used exclusively by: a onefamily or a two-family dwelling; or an individual dwelling unit or an efficiency dwelling unit in an apartment house, apartment-hotel or hotel; or a pool accessory to a onefamily dwelling. -2-
B. The fee shall be 200 percent of the permit fee as determined from Table No. 2-A in connection with the construction or installation of the following: (i) A pool accessory to an apartment house or hotel containing not more than 10 dwelling units and/or guest rooms, except that for pools which are exempt from a building permit, but which require a permit for electrical, plumbing and heating work, a combined building-mechanical permit may be issued, provided the fee paid is 100 percent of the fee as determined from Table No. 2-A. (ii) A complete solar heating and/or cooling system installation appurtenant to and used exclusively by an apartment house, apartment hotel or hotel containing not more than 10 dwelling units and/or guest rooms. 2. The permit fee for a sign shall be as specified in Subsection (b) of this Section. Sec. 2. Subsection (g) of Section 91.0207 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (g) Retention and Maintenance of Approved Plans. The duplicate plans and specifications of every building or structure shall be stamped and retained by the Department for at least three months after completion of the final inspection, in the case of work requiring a building permit, or after issuance of a grading certificate, in the case of work requiring a grading permit. -3-
In addition, after completion, the Department shall permanently maintain a copy of the approved plans of every building, during the life of the building. EXCEPTION: Plans for the following need not be maintained, except where required by the Department: 1. Single or multiple dwellings not more than two stories and basement in height. 2. Garages and other structures appurtenant to buildings described in Exception No. 1. 3. Farm or ranch buildings. 4. Any one-story building where the span between bearing walls does not exceed 25 feet. This exception does not, however, apply to a steel frame or concrete building. Sec. 3. Paragraph 2 of Subsection (h) of Section 91.0207 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: 2. Reproduction of plans. Plans maintained by the Department under Subsection (g) of this Section may not be duplicated in whole or in part except with the written permission of the certified, licensed or registered professional or his successor, if any, who signed the original documents and the written permission of the owner of that building, or by order of a proper court. Grading plans which are on file with the Department are public records and may be duplicated -4-
The fees specified in either Subparagraph A or B below shall be collected by the Department from the person requesting duplication of plans: A. Building plans that have not been microfilmed and which are authorized for reproduction, and grading plans which are to be duplicated by other than City services will be released only to a bonded duplicating service which has posted a bond for the benefit of the City of Los Angeles in an amount at least equal to the value of the plans. The cost of duplicating the plans shall be paid directly to the duplicating service by the persons requesting duplication. That person shall pay a service fee of $12.00 for each set of plans released to a bonded duplicating service as herein provided. B. Building plans that have been microfilmed and which are authorized for reproduction shall be duplicated by City services. The Department shall collect an initial service fee of $6.00 for each request for reproduction of plans plus a fee of $0.80 for each sheet requested to be photocopied. Sec. 4. Paragraph 2 of Subsection (a) of Section 91.0208 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: 2. The plan check fee for buildings, structures or portions thereof shall be equal to 85 percent of the building permit fee as shown in Table 2-A of Section 91.0204. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Where the occupancy of a residential building or portion thereof is changed, the plan checking -5-
.. :' '. fee shall be based on a valuation equal to 85 percent of the replacement value of the building or portion changed. 2. The plan check fee for signs and/or sign support structures shall be equal to 50 percent of the building permit fee as indicated in Section 91.0204(b). Sec. 5. Subsection (i) of Section 91.0304.1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (i) Each member of the Building Advisory Appeal Board shall have power to administer oaths. The Building Advisory Appeal Board may compel the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence before it by subpoena, and the President of the Board may cause the City Clerk to issue the subpoenas. The City Clerk shall cause the subpoenas to issue under the seal of the City, and the Chief of Police shall cause the subpoenas to be served. Failure to appear or testify in response to a subpoena or to produce any item under a subpoena "duces tecum" shall be punishable as a misdemeanor. The City Attorney, or a designated assistant or deputy shall appear at the request of the Building Advisory Appeal Board at any hearing before the Board. Sec. 6. Subsection (b) of Section 91.0309 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (b) Called Inspections. The permittee or his agent shall notify the Department when the building or portion thereof is ready for each of the following inspections: -6-
----------------------------- ---------- 1. Foundations. When the excavation for footings is complete and footing forms and required reinforcing steel are in place, but before any concrete is placed. 2. Wood Framing, Ventilation Equipment Installation. When all roof, walls and floor framing, firestopping and bracing are complete and all pipes, chimneys, vents and duct work is in place but before any of this work is covered. 3. Wallcovering. When the backing and lath or drywall are in place ready for plaster, stucco or taping. 4. Reinforced Concrete. When forms and reinforcing steel are in place ready for concrete. 5. Reinforced Masonry. In grouted masonry when vertical reinforcing steel is in place and other reinforcing steel distributed and ready for placing, but before any units are laid up. 6. Structural Steel. When structural steel members are in place and required connections are complete, but before concealing any members or connection. 7. Final. When the construction or work is completed and the structure ready for occupancy, but before being occupied. The permittee or his agent shall notify the Department on the day prior to the day on which inspection is desired. The Department shall approve that portion of the work inspected or notify the responsible person if the work fails to comply with the law. Any portions which do not comply with the -7-
law shall be corrected and no portion shall be covered or concealed with additional work until approved. When any of the above required inspections has been made and that portion of the work approved, the inspector shall so record on the permit card posted on the job. Sec. 7. Subsection (f) of Section 91.0309 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (f) Inspection of Excavation and Fills. The permittee or his agent shall notify the Department when the grading operation is ready for each of the following inspections: 1. Initial Inspection. When the permittee is ready to begin work, but before any grading or brushing is started. 2. Toe Inspection. After the natural ground is exposed and prepared to receive fill, but before any fill is placed. 3. Excavation Inspection. After the excavation is started, but before the vertical depth of the excavation exceeds ten feet. 4. Fill Inspection. After the fill emplacement is started, but before the vertical height of the lifts exceeds ten feet. 5. Drainage Device Inspection. After forms and pipe are in place, but before any concrete is placed. 6. Rough Grading. When all rough grading has been completed. This inspection may be called for at the completion of the rough grading without the necessity of the Department having previously reviewed and approved the reports. -8-
------- - ------- 7. Final. When all work, including installation of all drainage structures and other protective devices, has been completed and the as-graded plan and required reports have been submitted. The permittee need not wait for the inspector to arrive before proceeding with the work after the inspection required by Item 2 of this Subsection has been completed. The Department shall approve the work inspected or notify_the permittee or owner if the work fails to comply with the law. Any portion of the work which does not comply with the law shall be corrected. Sec. 8. Subsection (g) of Section 91.0309 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (g) Revised Grading Plan. If the inspector finds that the soil or other conditions are not as stated in the application for a grading permit, the inspector may refuse to approve further work until a revised grading plan is obtained which conforms to the existing conditions. Sec. 9. Subsection (b) of Section 91.0311.1 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (b) Department Acceptance. Each structural inspector selected by the engineer to perform the inspection shall make application to the Department for acceptance. The Department shall examine each applicant and each applicant's experience record to confirm that the person has the qualifications to perform the structural inspections required by Subsection (h) of Section 91.0310 and -9-
shall notify the engineer as to the acceptability of each applicant. Approval granted by the Department shall be effective until the issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy. Sec. 10. Subsection (e) of Section 91.0315 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is herby amended to read: (e) Temporary Certificates. Notwithstanding the provisions of Subsection (d) of this Section, if the Department finds that no substantial hazard will result from the occupancy of any building, or portion thereof, before it is completed, and satisfactory evidence is submitted that the work could not have been completed prior to the time the occupancy is desired because of its magnitude or because of unusual construction difficulties, the Department may issue a temporary Certificate of Occupancy for any building or portion thereof. In addition, the Department may issue a temporary Certificate of Occupancy for an existing building or portion thereof, provided no substantial hazard will result and satisfactory evidence is submitted justifying the need for a temporary occupancy. The Department shall collect a fee for each temporary Certificate of Occupancy. The amount of the fee shall be $75.00 plus an additional fee as shown in Table No. 3-B. Sec. 11. Subsection (b) of Section 91.0317 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (b) Issuance of Certificate. If upon final inspection of any excavation or fill it is found that the work authorized by the grading permit has been satisfactorily completed in accordance -10-
--------------------------------- ------------- with the requirements of this Code, the Department shall issue to the owner a Grading Certificate covering the work. On the owner's request a separate certificate will be issued for each lot for which building permits have been issued or applied for prior to the completion of the grading. Sec. 12. Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.0400. BASIC PROVISIONS Chapter 4 of the U.B.C. is hereby adopted by reference with the following exceptions: Sections 402 through 410, 412 through 417, 419, 420, 422, and 423 of the U.B.C. are not adopted, and in lieu thereof, the definitions and abbreviations in Sections 91.0402 through 91.0410, 91.0412 through 91.0417, 91.0419, 91.0420, 91.0422, and 91.0423 are adopted. Sec. 13. Section 402 of Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby redesignated Section 91.0402 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code and the term APARTMENT HOUSE and its definition as set forth in that Section is hereby amended to read: APARTMENT HOUSE is any building or portion thereof which contains three or more dwelling units and, for the purpose of this Code, includes residential condominiums. Sec. 14. Section 404 of Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby redesignated Section 91.0404 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code and the term CONDOMINIUM, RESIDENTIAL and its definition is added to that Section in proper alphabetical order to read: -11-
CONDOMINIUM, RESIDENTIAL. See "APARTMENT HOUSE." Sec. 15. Section 406 of Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, is hereby redesignated Section 91.0406 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code and the term ELEVATOR CODE and its definition is added to that Section in proper alphabetical order to read: ELEVATOR CODE is the Los Angeles City Elevator Code. Sec. 16. Section 413 of Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby redesignated Section 91.0413 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, and the terms LIGHT HOUSEKEEPING and LODGING HOUSE and their definitions as set forth in that Section are hereby amended to read: LIGHT-HOUSEKEEPING ROOM is any room which was designed and used both as a sleeping room and for the cooking or preparation of food in conformance with the provisions of Section 91.8101 (s). LODGING HOUSE is any building or portion thereof containing not more than five guest rooms where rent is paid in money, goods, labor or otherwise. Sec. 17. The definition of NONCOMBUSTIBLE in Section 91.0415 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: NONCOMBUSTIBLE as applied to building construction material means a material which, in the form in which it is used, is either one of the following: -12-
1. Material of which no part will ignite and burn when subjected to fire. Any material conforming to U.B.C. Standard No. 4-1 shall be considered noncombustible within the meaning of this Section. 2. Material having a structural base of noncombustible material as defined in Item No. 1 above, with a surfacing material not over 1/8 inch thick which has a flame-spread rating of 25 or less. Note: The City of Los Angeles does not adopt the definition of noncombustible in Section 2-415 of Title 24, Part 2, of the California Administrative Code. "Noncombustible" does not apply to surface finish materials. Material required to be noncombustible for reduced clearances to flues, heating appliances or other sources of high temperature shall refer to material conforming to Item No. 1. No material shall be classed as noncombustible which is subject to increase in combustibility or flame-spread rating beyond the limits herein established, through the effects of age, moisture or other atmospheric condition. Flame-spread rating as used herein refers to rating obtained according to tests conducted as specified in U.B.C. Standard No. 42-1. Sec. 18. Section 417 of Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby redesignated Section 91.0417 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, and the terms PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY and -13-
~ PLASTIC MATERIAL, APPROVED and their definitions are added in alphabetical order to read: PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY is a walkway used exclusively as a pedestrian traffic-way. PLASTIC MATERIALS, APPROVED, other than foam plastics regulated under Sections 1705(e) and 91.1712, are those having a self-ignition temperature 650 degrees F. or greater when tested in accordance with U.B.C. Standard No. 52-3 and a smoke density rating not greater than 450 when tested in accordance with U.B.C. Standard No. 42-1, in the way intended for use, or a smoke-density rating no greater than 75 when tested in the thickness intended for use by U.B.C. Standard No. 52-2. ~ Approved plastics shall be classified as either CCl or CC2, in accordance with U.B.C. Standard No. 52-4. Sec. 19. Section 420 of Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby redesignated Section 91.0420 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, and the term STAGE and its definition as set forth in that Section is hereby amended to read: STAGE see Chapter 39 of the U.B.C. Sec. 20. Section 422 of Section 91.0400 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby redesignated Section 91.0422 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, and the terms U.B.C. and U.B.C. STANDARDS and their definitions are hereby amended to read: U.B.C. shall mean the 1985 edition of the UNIFORM BUILDING CODE as published by the International Conference of Building ~ Officials. -14-
U.B.C. STANDARDS is the Uniform Building Code Standards, 1985 Edition. Sec. 21. Section 91.0500 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.0500. BASIC PROVISIONS Chapter 5 of the U.B.C. is hereby adopted by reference with the following exceptions: Sections 502, 503, 506, 507 and 508 of the U.B.C. are adopted by reference with the additional provisions as provided herein; Section 511 of the U.B.C. is not adopted and, in lieu thereof, reference is made to the California Administrative Code. Tables No. 5-A and No. 5-B of the U.B.C. are modified as provided herein. Sec. 22. Section 91.0503 of the Los Angeles.Municipal Code is hereby added to read: SEC. 91.0503. MIXED OCCUPANCY (a) Subsection (a) of Section 503 of the U.B.C is adopted by reference; however, Exception 2D is not adopted. (b) Subsection (b) of Section 503 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (c) Subsection (c) of Section 503 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (d) Subsection (d) of Section 503 of the U.B.C. is adopted by Sec. 23. Table 5-B of Division 5, Article 1, Chapter IX of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is amended by changing the required separation of buildings of mixed occupancies in the -15-
separation of Group B, Divison 1 occupancies and Group E occupancies. The separation shall be three hours. The chart in Table 5-B shall be amended accordingly. Sec. 24. Section 91.0608 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.0608. SPECIAL HAZARDS Stages shall be equipped with automatic ventilators as required in Section 3903(c). Chimneys and heating apparatus shall conform to the requirements of Division 37 of this Code and the Mechanical Code. Motion picture machine booths shall conform to the requirements of Division 40 of this Code Proscenium curtains shall conform to the requirements set forth in U.B.C. Standard No. 6-1. Flammable liquids shall not be placed or stored in any Group A Occupancy. Boiler rooms shall conform to the requirements of Division 61. Every gas service to the stage portion of the building shall be separated from any other service to the building and each gas service shall be equipped with a labeled gas shutoff device conspicuously marked and which is located in an accessible place outside the building. The label shall be of corrosion-resistant metal with letters at least 3 inches high. Sec. 25. Section 91.0702 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: -16-
SEC. 91.0702. SPECIAL PROVISION (a) Subsection (a) of Section 702 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (b) Special Provisions. 1. Service Stations. Marine or motor vehicle service stations including canopies and supports over pumps shall be of noncombustible, fire-retardant treated wood or of one-hour fire-resistive construction. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Roofs of one-story service stations may be of heavy-timber construction. 2. Canopies conforming to Section 5213 may be erected over pumps. 2. Motor Vehicle Storage. In areas where motor vehicles, boats or airplanes are stored, and in gasoline service stations, floor surfaces shall be of noncombustible, nonabsorbent materials. Floors shall drain to an approved oil separator or trap discharging to sewers in accordance with the Plumbing Code. EXCEPTION: Floors may be surfaced or waterproofed with asphaltic paving materials in areas where motor vehicles or airplanes are stored or operated. 3. Storage For Retail or Wholesale. Storage areas in excess of 1000 square feet in connection with wholesale or retail sales in Division 2 Occupancies shall be separated from the public areas by a one-hour fire-resistive occupancy separation as defined in Division 5 of this Code. Such areas may be increased to 3000 square feet when sprinklers, not otherwise required, are installed in the storage area. -17-
EXCEPTION: A one-hour fire-resistive occupancy separation is not required where an approved automatic sprinkler system is installed throughout the building. Area increases also shall be permitted as specified in Section 91.0506(c). 4. Parking Garages. Parking garages shall have an unobstructed headroom clearance of not less than 7 feet above the finish floor to any ceiling, beam, pipe or similar construction. EXCEPTION: Storage compartments or other construction and equipment may extend down to a point four feet six inches above the finished floor of the garage for a maximum horizontal distance of four feet over the portion of any parking space occupied by the hood of an automobile. Such reduced height shall not be allowed in areas subjected to pedestrian travel. 5. Fire Protection. In Division 4 Occupancies, fire protection of the underside of roof framing may be omitted in all types of construction. For attic space partitions and draft stops, see Section 2516(f). For smoke and heat venting, see Section 3206. Sec. 26. Section 91.0705 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: -18-
SEC. 91.0705. LIGHT, VENTILATION AND SANITATION (a) Light and Ventilation. All portions of Group B Occupancies customarily used by human beings shall be provided with natural light by means of exterior glazed openings with an area equal to one tenth of the total floor area, and natural ventilation by means of exterior openings with an area not less than one twentieth of the total floor area, or shall be provided with artificial light and a mechanically operated ventilating system. The mechanically operated ventilation system shall be capable of supplying a minimum of 5 cubic feet per minute of outside air with a total circulated of not less than 15 cubic feet per minute per occupant in all occupied portions of the building. (b) Ventilation for Flammable Liquids. In all buildings or portions thereof where flammable liquids are used, exhaust ventilation shall be provided sufficient to produce four air changes per hour. This exhaust ventilation shall be taken from a point at or near the floor level. (c) Garage Ventilation. In all parking garages, other than open parking garages as defined in Section 709(b), used for storing or handling of automobiles operating under their own power and on all loading platforms in bus terminals, ventilation shall be provided with a mechanical system of ventilation providing uniform movement of air sufficient to produce one complete change of air every 15 minutes. Where a mechanical exhaust system is used, the exhaust ventilation shall be taken -19-
at a point within 18 inches of the floor level. Every duct shall be protected and maintained so that designed capacities shall not be impaired. Ventilation duct openings shall be spaced not farther than 50 feet apart around the perimeter of the room. EXCEPTIONS: Mechanical ventilation may be omitted from a room in the following cases: 1. Any room having a total of one square inch of ventilating area to each 10 square feet of floor area in the room, where this ventilation is equally distributed in two oposite walls. Ventilation shall be spaced not more than 10 feet apart, open directly to the exterior of the building and all portions shall be within 18 inches of the floor. The ventilators may be omitted from one wall if that wall has permanent openings equal to 2-1/2 percent of the floor area. 2. Any room having permanent openings in two opposite exterior walls, or if two opposite walls are not available, permanent openings located as far apart as possible in two adjoining exterior walls. The areas of openings in each wall shall be equal to not less than 2-1/2 percent of the floor area. One half of the area of permanent openings shall be located in the roof if only one wall is available. 3. Where the longer side of an exterior wall of a building is 50 percent open and the openings are uniformly distributed. -20-
Subject to the approval of the Department, automatic CO sensing devices may be employed to modulate the ventilation system to maintain a maximum average concentration of CO of 50 ppm during any eight-hour period, with a maximum concentration not greater than 200 ppm for a period not exceeding one hour. Connecting offices, waiting rooms, ticket booths, etc., shall be supplied with conditioned air under positive pressure. Exhaust duct outlets shall be located as set forth in Section 1104(c) of the Uniform Mechanical Code. (d) Employee Toilet Facilities. Every building or portion thereof where persons are employed shall be provided with at least one water closet. Separate facilities shall be provided for each sex when the number of employees exceed four and both sexes are employed. These toilet facilities shall be located either in the building or conveniently in an adjacent building on the same property. Water closet rooms in connection with food establishments where food is prepared, stored or served shall have a nonabsorbent interior finish as specified in Section 510(b), shall have hand-washing facilities therein or adjacent thereto, and shall be separated from food preparation or storage rooms as specified in Section 510(a). All water closet rooms shall be provided with an exterior window at least 3 square feet in area, fully openable: or a vertical duct not less than 100 square inches in area for the first toilet facility, with an additional 50 square inches for -21-
---------- each additional toilet facility; or a mechanically operated exhaust system which is connected to the light switch, capable of providing a complete change of air every 15 minutes. These systems shall be vented to the outside air and at the point of discharge shall be at least 5 feet from any openable window. For other requirements on water closets, see Section 510. Sec. 27. The first unlettered paragraph of Section 91.0901 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby repealed. Sec. 28. Subsection (b) is hereby added to Section 91.0901 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code to read: (b) Subsection (b) of Section 901 of the U.B.C. is adopted by Sec. 29. Subsection (e) of Section 91.0901 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (e) Mixed Occupancy. Every building shall be classified in the most restrictive occupancy housed therein for the purposes of area limitation and each portion comprising a distinct occupancy shall conform to all requirements for that occupancy. EXCEPTION: The most restrictive occupancy classification shall not apply to the entire building where accessory Group H Occupancy areas within the building do not exceed the totals set forth in Table No. 9-C. Each Group H Occupancy area shall comply with all requirements for that occupancy. Occupancy separations shall be provided as required by Table No. 5-B. -22-
Sec. 30. Code is hereby amended to read: Section 91.0905 of the Los Angeles Municipal SEC. 91.0905. LIGHT, VENTILATION AND SANITATION In Group H Occupancy buildings, all enclosed portions customarily used by human beings, other than rooms and areas for which requirements are specified elsewhere in this Section, shall be provided with natural light by means of exterior glazed openings with an area equal to one tenth of the total floor area of those portions, and natural ventilation by means of exterior openings with an openable area of not less than one twentieth of the total floor area of those portions, or shall be provided with artificial light and a mechanically operated ventilation system or a gravity ventilation system. The mechanically operated ventilation system shall be capable of supplying a minimum of 5 cubic feet per minute of outside air with a total circulated of not less than 15 cubic feet per minute per occupant in all occupied portions of the building. The gravity ventilation system shall be as specified in Section 91.0912. In all buildings or portions thereof where flammable liquids are used, exhaust ventilation shall be provided as specified in Section 91.0917. In all buildings used for the repair or handling of automobiles operating under their own power, ventilation shall be provided as specified in Section 91.0705. -23-
Every building or portion thereof where persons are employed shall be provided with at least one water closet. Separate facilities shall be provided for each sex when the number of employees exceeds four and both sexes are employed. Such toilet facilities shall be located either in such building or conveniently in a building adjacent thereto on the same property. Toilet rooms shall be provided with a fully openable exterior window at least 3 square feet in area; or a vertical duct not less than 100 square inches in area for one toilet facility, with 50 additional inches for each additional facility; or a mechanically operated exhaust system capable of providing a complete change of air every 15 minutes. These systems shall be connected directly to the outside, and the point of discharge shall be at least 5 feet from any openable window. 511. For other requirements on water closets, see Section 510 and Sec. 31. Subsection (c) of Section 91.0915 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (c) Storage. Every building or structure used for the storage of explosive materials shall conform to the requirements of Section 91.0925. Sec. 32. Table 9-C is hereby added to the Los Angeles Municipal Code to read: -24-
TABLE NO. 9-C ALLOWABLE AREAS IN SQUARE FEET FOR GROUP H OCCUPANCIES Type of Construction Aggretate Total of Accessory H Occupancy Areas for All Floors I 15,000 IIFR 9,000 IIIN 6,000 IIIHr, IIN 3,500 v 2,000 Sec. 33. The first unlettered paragraph of Section 91.1002 is hereby repealed. Sec. 34. Subsection (b) of Section 91.1002 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (b) Special Provisions. Division 3 Occupancies shall be housed in buildings of Type I or Type II-F.R. construction. EXCEPTION: One-story buildings of Type II One-hour, Type III One-hour, or Type V One-hour construction may be permitted, provided the floor area does not exceed 3900 square feet between separation walls of two-hour fireresistive construction with openings protected by fire assemblies having one and one-half-hour fire-protection ratings. Every story of a Group I Division 1 Occupancy accommodating more toan five nonambulatory persons, unless provided with a horizontal exit, shall be divided into not less than two compartments accomodating approximately the same number of -25-
nonambulatory persons in each compartment by a smoke-stop partition meeting the requirements of a one-hour occupancy separation so as to provide an area of refuge within the building. Corridor openings in the smoke-stop partition shall be protected with doors as required in Section 91.3305(h). Other openings shall be limited to ducts which have smokedetector-activated fire dampers in the plane of the wall. Rooms occupied by inmates or patients whose personal liberties are restrained shall have noncombustible floor surfaces. Sec. 35. Subsection (b) of Section 91.1102 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: (b) Special Provisions. Garages in connection with Group R, Division 1 Occupancies shall have an unobstructed headroom clearance of not less than 7 feet above the finish floor to any ceiling, beam, pipe or similar construction. EXCEPTION: Storage compartments or other construction and equipment may extend down to a point 4 feet 6 inches above the finished floor of the garage for a maximum horizontal distance of 4 feet over the portion of any parking space occupied by the hood of an automobile. Such reduced height shall not be allowed in areas subjected to pedestrian travel. Sec. 36. Section 91.1214 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby added to read: SEC. 91.1214. ANCHORAGE OF WATER HEATERS -26-
Water heaters which are over four feet in height from the base to the top of the tank case and which have non rigid water connections shall be anchored or strapped to prevent horizontal and vertical displacement due to earthquake. Sec. 37. Section 91.1700 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.1700. BASIC PROVISIONS Chapter 17 of the U.B.C. is hereby adopted by reference with the following exceptions: Sections 1706, 1707, 1708, 1712, 1713(a), 1714 and 1715. In lieu thereof, Sections 91.1706, 91.1707, 91.1708, 91.1712, 91.1713(a), 91.1714 and 91.1715 are adopted. Table 17-B of the U.B.C. is not adopted. Sec. 38. Section 91.1706 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.1706. SHAFT ENCLOSURES AND FLAMMABLE MATERIALS (a) Shaft Enclosures. 1. General. Openings extending vertically through floors shall be enclosed in a shaft of fireresistive construction having the time period set forth in Table No. 17-A for "Shaft Enclosures." Protection for stairways shall be as specified in Section 3308 and 91.3309. EXCEPTIONS: 1. In other than Group I Occupancies, an enclosure will not be required for openings which serve only one adjacent floor and are not connected with openings serving other floors and which are concealed within the building construction. This exception shall not apply to a basement. -27-
2. In buildings housing Group B Occupancies equipped with automatic sprinkler systems throughout, enclosures shall not be required for escalators where the top of the escalator opening at each story is provided with a draft curtain and automatic fire sprinklers are installed around the perimeter of the opening within 2 feet of the draft curtain. The draft curtain shall enclose the perimeter of the unenclosed opening and extend from the ceiling downward at least 12 inches on all sides. The spacing between sprinklers shall not exceed 6 feet. 3. In Type V buildings, chutes and dumbwaiter shafts with a cross-sectional area of not more than 9 square feet may be unenclosed if lined on the inside with lath and plaster or gypsum wallboard, with that lining covered with not less than No. 26 galvanized sheet metal gauge with all joints in the sheet metal locklapped. All openings into these enclosures shall be protected by metal or metal-clad doors with either metal or metal-clad jambs, casings or frames. 4. Exit enclosures shall conform to the applicable provisions of Section 3308 and 91.3309. 5. In one- and two-story buildings of other than Group I Occupancies, shafts for gas vents and for ducts or piping which extend through not more than two floors need not comply with Table No. 17-A. -28-
6. Gas vents and noncombustible piping installed in walls of buildings passing through three or fewer floors (four if equipped with an automatic sprinkler system) need not comply with Table No 17-A. These shafts shall be effectively draft-stopped at each floor or ceiling. 7. Noncombustible pipe and conduit may be installed and maintained within the cavity of fire-resistive walls, provided both the floor and wall penetrations are tightly sealed with a noncombustible material impervious to the passage of smoke. 2. Protection of Openings. Every opening into a shaft enclosure shall be protected by a self-closing fire assembly conforming to Section 4306 and having a fire-protection rating of one hour for openings through one-hour walls and one and onehalf hours for openings through two-hour walls. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Openings to the exterior may be unprotected when so permitted by Table No. 5-A. 2. Openings produced by air ducts piercing shaft enclosure walls may be protected by fire dampers conforming to U.B.C. Standard No. 43-7. 3. Rubbish and Linen Chutes. In other than Group R, Division 3 Occupancies, rubbish and linen chutes shall terminate in rooms separated from the remainder of the building by a onehour fire-resistive occupancy separation. Openings into the chutes and termination rooms shall not be located in exit corridors or stairways. -29-
4, Elevator Shafts. Shafts housing elevators and extending through more than two stories shall be vented to the outside. The area of vents shall be not less than 3 1/2 percent of the area of the elevator shaft, with a minimum of 3 square feet per elevator. (b) Flammable Materials. No canvas, cloth, cardboard, paper or other similar flammable material shall be used in the construction of any partition or ceiling either temporary or permanent. Plywood shall have a minimum thickness of 1/4-inch inch, if flammable. Plastic material shall be approved as provided in Sec. 91.1712. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Paper or plastic backed metal or wire lath may be used in walls or partitions provided the lath is confined in the cavities of the walls or partitions. 2. Flammable materials may be used in the construction of temporary display and exhibit structures provided the materials are flame-proofed as required by Article 7, Chapter 5 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code. Sec. 39. Section 91.1712 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.1712. PLASTIC MATERIAL (a) General Regulations. 1. Material. Plastic materials permitted elsewhere in this Code shall comply with the requirements of this Section. and all other panel board shall have a minimum thickness of 3/8- -30-
2. Approval for Use. The Department shall require that sufficient technical data be submitted as the Department may consider relevant to the nature and proposed use of the plastic material. Upon the analysis of the data furnished, the Department shall determine the adequacy of the material offered, and if finding the material satisfactory for the use intended, the Department may approve the material, subject to limitations the Department deems necessary to meet the purpose of this Code. 3. Identification. Each sheet, roll or piece of plastic for which a building permit is required for its installation shall be identified with a mark or decal satisfactory to the Department. 4. Fabrication. No plastic materials to which the provisions of this Section are applicable shall be used unless produced by a Type I fabricator to whom an approval has been issued pursuant to Division C, Article 6, Chapter IX of the Los Angeles Municipal Code. 5. Plastic Materials Approved. See Division 4 of this Code. (b) Foam Plastic Insulation. 1. General. The provisions of this Subsection shall govern the requirements and uses of foam plastic in buildings and structures. For trim, see Section 1705(e). Except where otherwise noted in this Section, all foam plastics used in building construction shall have a flame-spread rating of not more than 75 and shall have a smoke-developed rating of not more than 450 when tested in the maximum thickness -31-
intended for use in accordance with U.B.C. Standard No. 42-1. All foam plastic shall have a self ignition temperature of 650 degrees F. or greater when tested in accordance with UBC Standard No. 52-3. All packages and containers of foam plastic ingredients shall bear the label of an approved agency showing either the flame-spread rating and smoke-developed rating of the product at the thickness tested or the use for which the product has been listed. The interior of the building shall be separated from the foam plastic by an approved thermal barrier having an index of 15 when tested in accordance with U.B.C. Standard No. 17-3. The thermal barrier shall be installed in such a manner that it will remain in place for the time of its index classification based upon approved diversified tests 2. Specific Requirements. Foam plastics shall comply with Subsection (a) of this Section. Foam plastics may then be used as follows: A. Attics and crawl spaces. In a Type III or Type V building within an attic or crawl space where entry is made only for service of utilities, foam plastics shall be protected against ignition by 1 1/2-inch-thick mineral fiber insulation, 1/4-inch-thick plywood, hardboard or gypsum wallboard, corrosion-resistant sheet metal having a base metal thickness not less than 0.0160 inch at any point, or other approved material installed in such a manner that the foam plastic is not exposed. -32-
B. Cold storage construction. Foam plastic installed and meeting the requirements of 1. above when tested in a thickness of 4 inches may be used in a thickness up to 10 inches in cold storage buildings, ice plants, food-processing rooms and similar areas. For rooms within a building, the foam plastic shall be protected by a thermal barrier on both sides having an index of 15 Foam plastic insulation may be used in freestanding coolers and freezers without the thermal barrier when the foam plastic has a flame-spread rating of 25 or less when tested in the thickness intended for use, is covered by not less than 0.032 inch of aluminum or corrosion-resistant steel having a base metal thickness not less than 0.0160 inch at any point and is protected by an automatic sprinkler system. When a cooler or freezer is within a building, the cooler, the freezer and that part of the building in which the room is located shall be protected by an automatic sprinkler system. EXCEPTION: Freestanding walk-in coolers and freezer units having an aggregate floor area of less than 400 square feet need meet only the flame-spread and smoke requirements of Subsection (a) of this Section. C. Roofing. Foam plastics meeting the requirements of Paragraph 1 of Subsection (b) of this Section may be used as part of a roof covering assembly, provided the assembly with the foam plastic insulation is a Class A, or B roof covering when tested in accordance with U.B.C. Standard No. 32-7. Foam -33-
plastic which is a part of a Class A, or B roof covering assembly need not meet the requirements of Paragraph 1 of Subsection (b) of this Section, provided the assembly with the foam plastic also meets the requirements of U.B.C. Standard No. 17-4. D. Doors. Where doors are permitted without a fireresistive rating, foam plastic having a flame-spread rating of 75 or less may be used as a core material when the door facing is metal having a minimum thickness of 0.032-inch aluminum or steel having a base metal thickness not less than 0.0160 inch at any point. The thermal barrier requirement is waived where doors are permitted without a fire resistive rating. Sec. 40. Section 91.1713 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby added to read. SEC. 91.1713. INSULATION (a) General. If permitted elsewhere in this Code, thermal and acoustical insulation located on or within floor-ceiling and roof-ceiling assemblies, crawl spaces, walls, partitions and insulation on pipes and tubing shall comply with this Section. Duct insulation and insulation in plenums shall conform to the requirements of the Mechanical Code. EXCEPTION: Roof insulation shall comply with Section 3204. Sec. 41. Section 91.2303 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.2303 DESIGN METHODS -34-
(a) Subsection (a) of Section 2303 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (b) Subsection (b) of Section 2303 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (c) Subsection (c) of Section 2303 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (d) Subsection (d) of Section 2303 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (f) Load Combinations. Every building component shall be provided with strength adequate to resist the most critical effect resulting from the following combination of loads (floor live load shall not be included where its inclusion results in lower stresses in the member under investigation) : 1. Dead plus floor live plus roof live. 2. Dead plus floor live plus wind (or seismic). 3. Combinations 1 or 2 with lateral earth pressure. 4. Crane hook live loads need not be combined with roof live loads nor with more than one-half of wind load. Sec. 42. Section 91.2308 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby amended to read: SEC. 91.2308. SPECIAL DESIGN (a) Subsection (a) of Section 2308 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (b) Retaining Walls. See Section 91.2910 for design requirements for retaining walls. -35-
(c) Subsection (c) of Section 2308 of the U.B.C. is adopted by (d) Subsection (d) of Section 2308 of the U.B.C. is adopted by Sec. 43. The first unlettered paragraph of Section 91.2312 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is hereby repealed. Sec. 44. Subsection (b) of Section 91.2312 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is added to read: (b) Subsection (b) of Section 2312 of the U.B.C. is adopted by Sec. 45. Subsection (d) of Section 91.2312 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code is amended to read: (d) Minimum Earthquake Forces for Structures. 1. Dynamic Analysis. Every structure shall have the structural capacity sufficient to resist the effects of earthquakes as determined by a dynamic analysis. This analysis shall be based on the ground shaking prescribed for the site in a soil-geology-seismology report. Every soil-geology-seismology report shall be subject to review and approval by the Department. Reports not approved by the Department shall not be used for the design of any structure. EXCEPTION: Structures of no more than 160 feet in height, essentially regular in shape and in stiffness over their height, may be designed for earthquake.force specified in Paragraph 2 of this Subsection. -36-
2. Static analyses. Structures of no more than 160 feet in height, essentially regular in shape and stiff~ess over their height, may be designed under the provisions of t~is Subsection. Buildings or structures which have highly irregular shapes, large differences in lateral resistance or stiffness between adjacent stories, or other unusual structural features significantly affecting dynamic response, shall be designed under the provisions of Paragraph 1 of this Subsection. Except as provided in Subsection (g) of Section 2312, every structure shall be designed and constructed to resist minimum total lateral seismic forces assumed to act noncurrently in the direction of each of the main axes of the structure in accordance with the following formula: V = Z IKCSW... ( 12-1) The value of K shall be not less than that set forth in Table No. 23-1. The value of C and S are as indicated hereafter except that the product of CS need not exceed 0.14. The value of C shall be determined in accordance with the following formula: c = -.!...:=!5YT... (12-2) The value of C need not exceed 0.12. -37-
The period T shall be established using the structural properties and deformational characteristics of the resisting elements in a properly substantiated analysis such as the following formula:... (12-3) In the absence of a determination as indicated above, the value of T for buildings may be determined by the following formula: T= 0.05h. vd... (12-3A) Or in buildings in which the lateral force-resisting system consists of ductile moment-resisting space frames capable of resisting 100 percent of the required lateral forces and such system is not enclosed by or adjoined by more rigid elements tending to prevent the frame from resisting lateral forces: T = O.ION.... (12-3B) where the values of f; represent any lateral force distributed approximately in accordance with the principles of Formulas (12-5), (12-7) or any other rational distribution. The elastic deflections, 4,, shall be calculated using the applied lateral forces, J;. -38-
The value of S shall be determined by the following formulas, but shall be not less than 1.0: Method A:, T T 2 ' for TIT, = 1.0 or less S = 1.0 -r - -0.5 [-]... (12-4) T, T, for TIT, greater than 1.0 S = 1.2 + 0.6- T -0.3 [- T ]2...(12-4A) T, T, WHERE: T in Formulas (12-4) and (12-4A) shall be established by a properly substantiated analysis but T shall be not less than 0.3 second. The range of values of T, may be established from properly substantiated geotechnical data, in accordance with City of Los Angeles requirements, except that T, shall not be taken as less than 0.5 second nor more than 2.5 seconds, T, shall be that value within the range of site periods, as determined above, that is nearest to T. When T, is not properly established, the value of S shall be 1. 5. EXCEPTION: Where T has been established by a properly substantiated analysis and exceeds 2.5 seconds, the value of S may be determined by assuming a value of 2.5 seconds for r, Method B: The value of S may be determined in accordance with the following: SOIL PROFILE COEFFICIENT Soil Profile Type S 1 s 2 s3 FactorS 1.0 1.2 1.5-39-