The U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Tom Malone Ocean.US Office for Integrated & Sustained Ocean Observations www.ocean.us Background & Mission of Ocean.US 1 st IOOS Development Plan NOAA Navy NSF EPA NASA USACE USGS USCG MMS DOE Priorities for Phased Implementation 1
United States IEOS Welcome to the Acronym Jungle GEOSS International IOOS GOOS 2
The Global Ocean Observing System GOOS Two Interdependent Modules Ø Global Ocean Ø Coastal Global Module Ø Planning began in late 1980 s Ø Implementation plan completed in late 1990 s Ø Implementation underway Coastal Module Ø Planning began in late 1990 s Ø Implementation strategy approved in 2004 www.ioc-goos.org/ 3
1998 Congress Called for Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Routinely Provide Data/Info Required for Rapid Detection & Timely Prediction of State Changes Improve the safety & efficiency of marine operations Improve national/homeland security Improve forecasts of natural hazards and mitigate their effects more effectively Improve predictions of climate change & their effects Minimize public health risks Protect & restore healthy marine & estuarine ecosystems more effectively Sustain living marine resources 1 System, 7 Societal Goals 4
www.ocean.us Ocean.US The National Office for Integrated & Sustained Ocean Observations Established in 2000 by NOPP to Ø Prepare & update IOOS Development Plans based on data & information requirements of user groups, Ø Coordinate integration of IOOS elements, including harmonizing regional & national development of the system, & Ø Function as the focal point for national & international development of ocean observing systems. 2002 National IOOS Workshop Ø ~100 data providers & users from government agencies, academia, industry & NGOs Ø Begin the process of specifying Observing System Requirements & System Architecture 5
Example Products for IOOS Goals Used to Determine Observing System Requirements Climate Prediction Ø Annual estimates of regional global sea level changes w/ error bars Ø Annual quantitative assessments of the impact of global warming on the frequency & magnitude of tropical & extra tropical storms Maritime Operations & National/Homeland Security Ø Hourly mesoscale nowcasts & 72 hr forecasts of water levels & 3 D current, temperature & salinity fields Ø Hourly mesoscale nowcasts & 72 hr forecasts of sea surface vector wind & wave fields & surf conditions Natural Hazards Ø Hourly 72 hr forecasts of the time space extent of coastal flooding caused by tsunamis, tropical storms & extratropical storms Ø Annual assessments of changes in resilience of coastal populations & infrastructure to coastal flooding 6
Example Products for IOOS Goals Used to Determine Observing System Requirements Public Health Ø Hourly nowcasts & 72 hr forecasts of plumes from large permitted dischargers Ø Hourly 72 hr forecasts of impacts of biohazard spills on beaches, living resources & drinking water Ecosystem Health Ø Annual quantitative assessments of the condition of coastal ecosystems in terms of (i) habitats & species diversity; (ii) water quality; & (iii) near shore bathymetry topography Ø Annual assessments of the effects of global warming on the condition of coastal ecosystems as quantified above Living Marine Resources Ø Annual estimates of recruitment rates for exploitable fish stocks w/ error bars Ø Annual assessments of the efficacy of Marine Protected Areas in terms of the extent & condition of habitats & the abundance & distribution of living resources 7
2004 U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy Implement an Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Ø Make more effective use of existing resources Ø Enhance operational capabilities over time to address 7 societal goals Strengthen Regional Approach for Ø Ocean Observations, Ø Predictions & Ø Management 8
New Ocean Governance Structure Implemented 2005 2006 Committee on Ocean Policy Chair CEQ (Cabinet Level) ORAP Interagency Committee on Ocean Science & Resource Management Integration (ICOSRMI) Co-Chairs: OSTP & CEQ NSC PCC Global Environment JSOST SIMOR IWGOO Ocean.US 9
First Development Plan Completed by Ocean.US December 2004 Approved at Cabinet level by the Interagency Committee on Ocean Science & Resource Management (ICOSRMI) January 2006 www.ocean.us 10
The First IOOS Development Plan Guidelines for IOOS Design, Implementation & Governance IOOS Architecture Recommends initial building blocks of the IOOS Initial Priorities on 5 Areas www.ocean.us 11
Guidelines for IOOS Development Design, Implement, & Sustain an IOOS Builds on, improves & makes more effective use of existing assets End to End, multi disciplinary, multi purpose & multi scale system Provides timely access to all data collected at public expense freely or at cost Serves data & information at rates & in forms required by industry & decision makers responsible for 1 or more IOOS goals Enables both private & public sectors to contribute to & benefit from IOOS data & information Uses national standards & protocols for Ø Measurements & data telemetry, Ø Data management & communications, & Ø Modeling & analysis Applies performance measures for all of the above 12
Multi Scale Observing & Data Telemetry Subsystem Global Ocean Component Pac NW Low High Resolution C Cal Coastal Ocean Component Ak S Cal GLs Regional Observing Systems National Backbone NE Caribb MAB Go Mex SE 13
End to End, Multi Disciplinary, Multi Purpose System Efficiently Links 3 Subsystems Decision Support Tools Satellites Aircraft Fixed Platforms Ships Drifters & Floats AUVs Observations/ Data Telemetry Metadata standards Data discovery Data transport Online browse Data archival DMAC Currents & Waves Water level Coastal inundation Waterborne pathogens Population Dynamics Ecosystem Dynamics Modeling Analysis Climate Natural Hazards Marine Services Security Public Health Ecosystem Health Resources 14
The Five Priorities for IOOS Implementation 2005 2009 1) Complete implementing the global component 2) Initiate development of the DMAC subsystem 3) Initiate development of the Modeling & Analysis subsystem 4) Establish IOOS Regional Associations & begin building RCOOSs 5) Begin phased implementation of the national backbone 15
(1) Global Ocean Component Remote Sensing Sustain Continuity of Space Based Observations Ø Water level & sea surface temperature, currents, waves, ocean color Enhance Space Based Observations Ø Sea surface salinity 16
(1) Global Ocean Component In Situ Observations Ø Full implementation Argo profiling float array Water level network Tropical buoy arrays Surface drifter array VOS lines [> 50% implemented as of December 2006] Ø Transition successful elements of GODAE to an operational mode Ø Enhance ocean time series observatories key biological & chemical sensors 17
(2) DMAC DMAC Steering Team Completed the DMAC Plan in 2004 Approved in 2005 following extensive peer review Road Map for implementing interoperable mechanisms that enable Ø Rapid access to diverse data Ø From many different sources http://dmac.ocean.us/index.jsp 18
(3) Initiate a modeling & analysis effort that will Improve, develop, test & validate operational models for all seven societal goals; Produce more accurate & comprehensive estimates of current states of the marine environment, ecosystems & living resources; Improve, develop & apply data assimilation techniques to initialize & update models for more accurate forecasts of state changes; & Optimize the observing subsystem to achieve these objectives 19
(3) Modeling & Analysis Steering Team (MAST) Established September 2006 to Promote improvements in existing operational models Enable development of operational modeling capabilities in goal areas where none now exist Engage Federal Agencies, RAs & other stakeholders in developing the modeling & analysis subsystem 20
(3) Mission of MAST Prepare & implement a 5 Year Strategic Plan for Achieving the Following Objectives: Enhance collaboration between operational & research modeling groups Establish & maintain an inventory of operational & research modeling capabilities relevant to addressing the 7 societal goals Assess performance & skill of existing & emerging operational capabilities in terms of user needs & recommend improvements Develop community consensus for a research agenda that will help improve operational modeling capabilities Facilitate transitions of models & model improvements from research to operational use Assess & recommend improvements to the observing & DMAC subsystems through the use of test beds & OSSEs/OSEs Explore the use & efficacy of community modeling approaches as a mechanism for achieving these objectives Work with the NOPP, Federal Agencies & other groups as appropriate to attract the required funding 21
(3) IOOS Community Modeling Workshop 28 29 November 2006 Objectives Ø Review present status of operational global & coastal models Ø Identify R&D needed to advance operational modeling for all 7 societal goals Ø Provide guidance for preparing the MAST Strategic Plan Ø Provide guidance for the MAST CY 07 Action Plan Deliverables Ø Annotated outline of the MAST Strategic Plan Ø Recommend short & long term priorities for MAST activities Ø Workshop Proceedings 22
(4) Develop Regional Coastal Ocean Observing Systems Focused on the EEZ, Great Lakes & Estuaries 11 RAs Have Been Funded Initiate this Process Establish Regional Associations to build RCOOSs by Ø Engaging user groups from private & public sectors in their regions Ø Implementing national standards & protocols Ø Informing Federal Agencies of user needs Ø Enhancing the backbone based on user needs Incorporate existing sub regional observing systems Increase resolution of the NB Increase # of variables measured 23
(4) National Federation of Regional Associations Created in 2005 Represent the collective interests of RAs at the federal level Provide mechanism for communications/collaboration between federal agencies & RAs Enable interoperability through coordinated development of RCOOSs & the NB Facilitate exchange of information on best practices Influence design & implementation of the National Backbone Contribute to building the National Backbone Ensure RA participation in developing/adopting national standards & protocols Ø Measurements & data telemetry Ø Data management & communications Ø Modeling & analysis Promote Ø Data & Information exchange Ø R&D Ø Capacity Building http://www.ocean.us/nfra 24
(5) Criteria for Initiating Phased Implementation of the National Backbone Observing subsystem assets must provide data streams that are Ø Sustainable, reliable, routine, & quality controlled Data streams to be integrated are currently available Integration will improve assessments &/or predictions that Ø Have major socio economic benefits Ø Address 2 or more of the 7 societal goal Ø Demonstrate success sooner than later 25
(5) Improving Capabilities to Predict, Manage & Mitigate Effects of Coastal Flooding Meets these Criteria Objectives: For tropical storms, extra tropical storms & tsunamis Ø Improve accuracy & timeliness of forecasts of time space extent of coastal flooding Ø Monitor more frequently extent & condition of near-shore coastal habitats & infrastructure that affect vulnerability Ø Regularly assess the vulnerability of coastal communities & infrastructure to coastal flooding Ø Monitor impacts of coastal flooding on Infrastructure, habitats, water quality, & living marine resources & on Coastal erosion, shoreline position, & near shore bathymetry topography. Required data & information will also contribute to addressing IOOS goals of Ø Improving the safety & efficiency of marine operations Ø Reducing public health risks Ø Sustaining & restoring healthy marine ecosystems & renewable resources 26
Road Map for Multi Hazard Prediction System Addendum to IOOS Development Plan http://www.ocean.us/oceanus_publications 27
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