NORTH-EAST NIGERIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE

NIGERIA NORTH EAST: HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE 1 31 MARCH 2017 2 \ Photo: OCHA / Yasmina Guerda NORTH-EAST NIGERIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE Progress on key activities from the 2018 Humanitarian Response Plan SEPTEMBER 2018 EDITION (covering 1 through 31 Aug 2018)

North-east Nigeria Humanitarian Situation Update, September 2018 Edition - Progress on key activities from the 2018 Humanitarian Response Plan. Reporting period: 1 to 31 August 2018. Publication date: 1 October 2018. Cover photo: Water collection point in Lawan Karta IDP camp, Baga, Kukuwa LGA, Borno State, April 2018 OCHA / Yasmina Guerda. The mission of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to coordinate the global emergency response to save lives and protect people in humanitarian crises. We advocate for effective and principled humanitarian action by all, for all. OCHA produces these reports in collaboration with humanitarian partners. These reports cover mainly activities that are part of the 2018 Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP). Please note that humanitarian partners monitor their activities through dozens of key performance indicators (KPIs) in addition to those presented here. The KPIs tracked in this report were selected for their significance out of the overall 2018 HRP monitoring framework. For more information, please visit unocha.org/nigeria and reliefweb.int/country/nga. To sign up for our mailing list: bit.ly/nigeriaupdates. Contacts: Edem Wosornu Head of Office, OCHA Nigeria, Abuja wosornu@un.org +234 903 781 0140 Crispen Rukasha Deputy Head of Office, OCHA Nigeria, Maiduguri rukasha@un.org +234 906 227 7202 Samantha Newport Head of Communications, OCHA Nigeria, Abuja newports@un.org +234 906 227 7205 COMMONLY USED ACRONYMS: AAP Accountability to affected people LGA Local government area BSFP Blanket supplementary feeding programme MAM Moderate acute malnutrition CAAFAG Children associated with armed forces and armed groups MSU Mobile storage unit CCCM Camp coordination and camp management NEMA National Emergency Management Agency CJTF Civilian Joint Task Force NFIs Non-food items CMCoord Civil-military coordination NGO Non-governmental organisation CP Child protection NHF Nigeria Humanitarian Fund DMS Displacement Management Systems NSAG Non-state armed group DTM Displacement Tracking Matrix OCHA UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ETS Emergency Telecommunications sector PSEA Prevention from sexual exploitation and abuse FTS Financial Tracking Service PSS Psycho-social support GBV Gender-based violence RRM Rapid response mechanism HCT Humanitarian Country Team SAM Severe acute malnutrition HRP Humanitarian Response Plan SEA Sexual exploitation and abuse IDP Internally displaced person SEMA State Emergency Management Agency IEC Information, education and communication SGBV Sexual and gender-based violence IED Improvised explosive device SOP Standard operating procedure INGO International non-governmental organisation SUBEB State Universal Basic Education Board IPC Integrated phase classification TLS Temporary learning space IYCF Infant and young child feeding WASH Water, sanitation and hygiene LCG Local coordination group 2

NORTH-EAST NIGERIA: HUMANITARIAN SITUATION UPDATE 1-31 AUGUST 2018 ACCESS BY INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN ORGANISATIONS 3

OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW 7.7 MILLION PEOPLE IN NEED OF LIFE-SAVING ASSISTANCE IN 2018 6.1 MILLION PEOPLE TARGETED FOR LIFE-SAVING ASSISTANCE IN 2018 Now in its tenth year, the crisis in north east Nigeria remains one of the most severe in the world. Since the start of the conflict in 2009, more than 27,000 1 people have been killed in the BAY states, thousands of women and girls abducted and children used as so called suicide bombers. In 2017, 146 2 children (mainly girls) were used as human bombs. In 2018, 43 children were used in attacks in the first six months. Today 1.8 3 million people are internally displaced in the Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states. Thousands of new arrivals have been recorded in recent months, largely coming from hard to reach areas for reasons related to insecurity and military operations. From November 2017 to mid August 2018, Borno and Adamawa states have seen the movement of nearly 190,000 individuals (153,000 IDP new arrivals and 36,000 returnees). This exacerbates a situation where vulnerabilities are already on the rise as a result of the rainy season from June to September and resources are already overstretched. Currently, 41 sites across 12 LGAs in Borno are in high congestion status with 285,000 individuals above camp capacity (42,243 in Monguno camps) 4 resulting in the majority of individuals having no access to shelter and forced to sleep in overcrowded shelters or outside. An estimated 940,000 children aged 6 to 59 months across the BAY states are acutely malnourished, 440,000 with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and 500,000 with Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM). One in every five of these children with SAM and one in every 15 of these children with MAM are at risk of death if their malnutrition remains untreated. The latest data on new arrivals show high levels of humanitarian need, including critical levels of malnutrition. Since mid July 2018 more than one in four (26 per cent) of children arriving from inaccessible areas are screening positive for Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and 48 per cent are screening positive for Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) 5. The humanitarian access situation remains challenging in the north east. Ongoing hostilities in the northern part of Borno State led to an initial, short term downsizing of humanitarian operations in several locations. Humanitarian partners are still assessing the operational environment, but have started upscaling again. Further, the humanitarian community is engaging on a regular basis with the Nigerian Armed Forces to de conflict movements and humanitarian activities to ensure lifesaving humanitarian aid reaches people in need. The 2019 Humanitarian Program Cycle (HPC) is underway. The first state level Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) briefing was held in Yola, Adamawa at end August, and will be followed by similar briefings in Yobe and Borno States. As part of the HPC, the HNO supports humanitarian partners in developing a shared understanding of the impact and evolution of a crisis. The HNO presents a comprehensive analysis of the overall situation and associated needs and informs response planning. Its development is a shared responsibility among all humanitarian partners. As such, the objective of the state level consultation is to review assessment information, build consensus on the humanitarian situation and identify needs of the affected population to support development of the 2019 2021 Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP). Early recovery activities have taken off in 2018 and are contributing to resilience building approaches. Early recovery is underpinned by efforts to better connect humanitarian and development work, within the framework of the New Way of Working. The NWOW will be addressed at the upcoming High Level Conference on the Lake Chad Basin next month in Berlin. To alleviate the suffering of 6.1 million people in dire need of life saving aid in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states, the United Nations and partners appealed for $1.05 billion for 176 projects to be implemented by 60 humanitarian organisations. It is the sixth largest single country appeal globally. As of 31 July, $510 million (48.7 per cent) of the funds have been received, according to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS). 1 The Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) 2 146 children (45 boys, 101 girls) were used in 77 incidents of suicide attacks in north east Nigeria in 2017 (UNICEF) 3 IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix, August 2018 4 CCCM Nigeria Land Requirements for Camp Decongestion and Camp Expansion, August 2018 5 Latest data of new arrivals currently under validation and data strengthening at Nutrition in Emergencies Sector WG (NiESWG) level 4

FOOD SECURITY Between January and August 2018, over 3.1 million people were supported with food security interventions within the 2018 HRP; 58 per cent received food assistance and 42 per cent received agriculture and livelihood assistance. The Government continues to provide food assistance, including cereals and condiments, in some camps and host communities in Maiduguri, Jere, Konduga, Magumeri, Nganzai, Kaga and Guzamala LGAs of Borno State. Partners ongoing assessment of crop conditions and postdistribution monitoring exercise indicate that the current agricultural season is progressing well and is characterized by fair distribution of precipitation which provides optimal conditions for the growth and development of crops. According to market monitoring, despite the onset of the lean season, adequate market supply of staple food commodities has contributed to stability or a reduction in the prices in most of the monitored markets of Borno and Yobe states, compared to May 2018. The exception is the price of maize which has continued to increase in most markets in Borno State and in some markets in Yobe State. As most conflict affected households are currently confronted with reduced or limited income earning opportunities and depleted food stocks, current price levels remain a major constraint to food access. In August, more than 13,442 new arrivals in 12 hotspot locations across Borno State have received food assistance. The majority of them are in Dikwa (5,887); Bama (1,733); Pulka (1,518) and Gwoza (1,000) LGAs. Increasing numbers of new arrivals due to worsening insecurity were also registered in Monguno and Magumeri LGAs. The food security situation of new arrivals remains critical, especially in Monguno where more people are expected to arrive. To strengthen the capacity of livestock organisations to design, implement and access livelihoods based livestock interventions in emergency contexts, the first ever Livestock Emergency Guidelines and Standards training in Nigeria was held in Abuja from 27 to 31 August. Some 24 key livestock experts from 11 states across Nigeria including federal and state ministries, livestock owner associations, professional bodies and universities attended the training. The training also targeted national actors responding to livestock related challenges such as drought, floods and communal conflicts. A total of 26 facilitators from the three north east states were trained through another round of the Farmer Field School programme. It is expected that each facilitator will establish at least two farmer field schools. In Banki, Bama LGA of Borno State, 7,340 fuel efficient stoves were distributed. This will reduce the exposure of female beneficiaries to the risks of collecting firewood. The stove distribution programme will continue in Pulka (Gwoza), Dikwa, Bama and Ngala LGAs and will be followed by training targeting women and girls on how to manufacture and market the fuel efficient cooking stoves. Preliminary findings from the Expanded Food Security Outcome Monitoring (EFSOM) conducted in August at the peak of the lean season covering a total of 5,053 beneficiary households in camps and host communities indicate a significant level of food insecurity in Bama, Maiduguri, Magumeri, Kukawa, Ngala and Nganzai LGAs in Borno State. Similar indicators were received for Yusufari LGA in Yobe State and Madagali LGA in Adamawa State, where more than three in every five households were found to be either moderately or severely food insecure. Prevalence of poor food consumption was highest in Ngala, Bama, Damaturu and Dikwa LGAs in Borno and Adamawa states. In Borno State, the ongoing crisis and military restrictions continue to limit land access and involvement in agriculture in most of the LGAs. The final results are expected by end September 2018. Re targeting for food assistance will be completed in Monguno and Kala Balge LGAs of Borno State by September 2018 with biometric registration. The caseloads are informed by targeting criteria, the improved food security situation and biometric registration (using SCOPE and IOM biometric data to avoid duplication of registered beneficiaries.) For the upcoming dry season, partners aim to target more than 60,000 households in accessible communities across the BAY states. 5

PROTECTION In August, the Protection sector reached a total of 180,849 individuals including 26,017 with general protection support, 82,644 with child protection services and 72,188 with Gender Based Violence (GBV) response across Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states. The assistance included 9,335 reached with livelihood support, 8,421 provided with protection based material kits including solar lanterns, hygiene items and energy efficient cooking sets, and 1,134 provided with legal documentation and 606 assisted with access to legal protection. Advocacy with the civil military mechanism for improved security of IDP camps has resulted in better security measures being implemented around camps. Field monitoring and protection by presence have been enhanced by sectors, including through the creation of protection coordination groups at LGA levels. Human Rights Officers and monitors have been deployed to the field by OHCHR. Further, the United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS) is now present in the north east. Protection actors continue to monitor population movement and prioritize timely response to new arrivals. Over 500 households arrived in Bama town of Borno State in August due to ongoing military operations, and new IDP arrivals also reached Monguno following attacks by Non State Armed Groups (NSAGs). Most of the new arrivals in Bama town are sleeping in the open without shelter, and this situation needs to be urgently addressed. Additionally, 33 households from Mairori village, Guzamala LGA, moved to Bakassi camp in Maiduguri, because of acute security concerns, an increasing wave of attacks as well as a lack of assistance in Mairori. Some Nigerian refugees returned from Cameroon to Dikwa and Pulka, Borno State citing poor living standards in the country of asylum. The Protection sector carried out a fact finding mission to Pulka, Borno State to look into reported allegations of forced labor being imposed on IDPs by the military. Such reports have caused serious concerns amongst humanitarian staff and the sector continues to monitor. Engagement with the military command in addressing these concerns through the CIMCOORD mechanism is ongoing. Sector actors also carried out field monitoring to Ngala, also in Borno State to investigate allegations of sexual abuse and exploitation (SEA). The mission recommended that actors on the ground scale up engagement for the prevention of SEA, reinforcing the policy of zero tolerance. The Housing, Land and Property Sub Working Group (HLPSWG) carried out three two day training for 35 government stakeholders, 25 traditional and religious leaders and 35 national NGO staff in Adamawa State. The training aimed at increasing awareness and enhancing the response of government authorities, humanitarian actors and relevant stakeholders on HLP issues. In terms of joint planning with other sectors, protection actors attended and contributed to the integration workshop on nutrition programming organized by the food and nutrition sectors, and advocated for protection mainstreaming in the food security, health and nutrition sectors. The sector continues advocacy with the military command in Pulka on respecting human rights, particularly on forced labor, and is also working with Theatre Command on this issue. While fact finding missions to Ngala LGA did not find any hard evidence substantiaing SEA allegations, the sector will continute to focus on strengthening and reinforcing community based complaint mechanisms and referral pathways. Such preventive measures include awarenessraising efforts targeting vulnerable women and girls and encouraging reporting of cases of exploitation using the established protocols. Addtionally, the GBV Sub Sector plans to carry out training on PSEA for frontline workers. The sector is scaling up fundraising efforts to address critical protection gaps caused by an increase in the number of displaced populations due to recent military operations. 6

GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE PROTECTION (sub-sector) In August, 28 partners provided GBV response and prevention services covering locations across 34 LGAs in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states, and jointly reached 72,188 individuals. Some 5,338 individuals received specialised support including case management, psychosocial support, medical care, as well as safety and security services; 8,002 women and girls received material support such as dignity kits; 3,141 individuals were reached with a range of services through women and girl friendly spaces. 61,634 individuals were sensitized on GBV/SEA principles and engaged in community activities in relation to GBV prevention, and 1,190 individuals were trained in different skills for socio economic empowerment while 157 mainly frontline responders benefitted from training on various components of GBV and PSEA. As part of the GBV Capacity Building Initiative for partners in the north east, 24 participants from eight organisations were selected to benefit from a 5 day GBV case management training and an additional 3 day Training of Trainers programme. To support the joint advocacy on the GBV protection needs, the GBV Strategic Advisory Group (SAG) developed an advocacy brief to be used at the High Level Conference on the Lake Chad region in September. Key issues discussed at the quarterly GBV sub sector meeting this month included the need for (i) improvement in the quality of service provision, (ii) capacity building for field staff and (iii) improvement in field oversight. The sub sector will carry out a training to facilitate the Primero/GBVIMS+ interagency pilot roll out. The sub sector will support a 3 day training for field based staff who are implementing services in Dikwa and Ngala LGAs, Borno State. Support will be provided for the implementation of the GBV sub sector Operational Framework and Guidelines for Transit Facilities and Reception Centres. CHILD PROTECTION (sub-sector) Since January 2018, a total of 564,499 children (263,109 girls; 301,390 boys) and 184,644 caregivers (93,793 women; 90,851 men) have been reached with Child Protection in Emergencies (CPIE) services. As of August, the reach of CP services is at 65 per cent against the HRP target. In August 2018, 30,028 children, adolescents and caregivers benefited from psychosocial and life skills support services. A total of 867 children (426 girls; 441 boys) benefitted from integrated case management services for unaccompanied and separated children and children with other protection risks; out of these, 75 children were reunified with the caregivers and 244 children were placed in alternative care and received follow up visits. In August 2018, 24 children previously associated with armed groups were handed over by the military. The number of children released in 2018 is now 323. In August, 47,798 children and caregivers were reached with mine risk education activities. The sub sector has noted that although the case management processes identify cases of unaccompanied and separated children and children with other protection risks, there is a gap between the number of children identified and the number of children reunified and benefitting from care and other services. This is due to a low number of case workers involved in family tracing and reunification. The Standard Operating Procedures for Unaccompanied and Separated Children and other Vulnerable Children are in the finalization stages. Next steps include strengthening the case management task forces in the three states, specifically to improve the quality of services provided through training and mentoring of case management workers. 7

HEALTH The Borno State Ministry of Health (SMoH) in north east Nigeria reported 380 cases of Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD) or suspected cholera across eight local government areas (LGAs) during the reporting period. The SMoH, with the support of health sector partners, is coordinating the response for timely response and treatment of patients. A Cholera Treatment Centre (CTC) is already up and running in Dala, a locality in MMC. Detecting and responding rapidly to suspected cases of cholera is vital to controlling outbreaks, which can spread rapidly in areas where access to safe water is limited and hygiene conditions are poor. Intense efforts by state and health sector partners in Borno State over the last two years, including the development of a cholera preparedness plan in 2018, have greatly strengthened surveillance and monitoring capacity, enabling early detection of outbreaks. Thirty four (34) indicator based alerts were generated from the weekly reports submitted through the Early Warning Alert and Response System (EWARS) in week 34. At least 91 per cent of the alerts were verified. Alerts of an increase in AWD have continued, especially in Jere, Maiduguri, Magumeri, Biu, Kaga and Konduga LGAs. Response activities have continued and stepped up, particularly active surveillance in affected communities, case management, house to house community sensitization and water and sanitation interventions. The regular statelevel coordination meetings have continued to be held at the Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) in Maiduguri to oversee the outbreak. The most effective prevention measures against cholera are basic hygiene practices, including the use of clean and safe water and proper sanitation. Hygiene promotion activities, including radio broadcasts in Marghi, Hausa, Kanuri and Shuwa, are planned in the affected LGAs to sensitize people to the risk of cholera, teach them how to prevent and manage diarrhea at home, and educate them on the use of chloride tablets for household water treatment and safe water storage. Messaging will also be included on the dangers of open defecation. The Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) process for 2019 has started, supporting sector partners in developing a shared understanding of the impact and evolution of the crisis. The HNO presents a comprehensive analysis of the overall situation and associated needs and informs response planning, and is jointly developed by all humanitarian partners. The main focus in the coming month will be to contain the cholera and AWD outbreak in the north east, in close collaboration with WASH sector partners. The situation in Borno State is of particular concern due to the increasing number of cases, but also in Yobe State where cases are on the rise and accessibility to those areas is limited due to poor roads. In both states facilities in terms of Cholera Treatment Centres or Cholera Treatment Units are limited. Community mobilisation is also pivotal, and will require significant coordination, that is already provided for in the preparedness plan. Additional resources are required to respond to the outbreak, in support of the state authorities, and the sector will aim to submit a request to the Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) for additional funding should the situation deteriorate. The state authorities are expected to declare an outbreak, if the cases increase. 8

NUTRITION Women, children and men continued to arrive at the eight reception sites across Borno State during the month of August. The most recent data on new arrivals show high levels of humanitarian need, including alarming levels of malnutrition. Since mid July more than one in four of children arriving from hard to reach areas is screening positive for Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and nearly half are screening positive for Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM). Following concerns regarding the nutritional status of new arrivals in Bama town of Borno State, a SMART nutrition and mortality assessment was carried out. Some 371 children under five were screened during the assessment. Of these, 51 were acutely malnourished, and 12 of these were severely malnourished. In the host community 379 children were screened. Of these, 26 were acutely malnourished. The mortality rate was below the emergency threshold of 1 death / 10,000 people / day and 2 deaths in children under five/ 10,000 children under five / day. Capacity to manage SAM with medical complications continued to be scaled up and by end August a 23 bed Stabilisation Centre (SC) had been set up in Bama town. The plan is to increase this to 34 beds. Partners undertook activities across the north east to prevent acute malnutrition, reaching 665,967 with infant and young child feeding (IYCF) messages. Over 305,000 were reached with blanket supplementary feeding in various locations where food insecurity is a concern, and nearly 210,000 children were prevented from micronutrient deficiency through supplementation with micronutrient powder. Key challenges facing the sector include monitoring, supervision and the technical backstopping of field staff. Weak community mobilization is also a challenge leading to gaps in coordination and linking up between treatment, prevention and cross referrals within the different nutrition services available. Currently all partners are experiencing an increase in the admission of malnourished children following the rainy season as incidences of malaria and acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) continue to be reported by the Health sector. Nutrition actors in Nigeria joined in celebrating the 2018 World Breastfeeding Week from 1 7 August, themed Breastfeeding, Foundation of Life. Several partners are carrying out nutrition assessments in the areas where nutrition activities are already ongoing. These assessments are critical to understanding the fluid nutrition situation. A joint assessment between food security and nutrition partners will be undertaken in coming months and findings used in the October Cadre Harmonise analysis framework. The Nutrition sector will prioritize continued screening of new arrivals in the Reception Centres to inform timely and appropriate response. 9

SHELTER AND NON-FOOD ITEMS During the month of August, the sector continued to provide assistance to both internally displaced people and returnees across Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states. Some 4,083 vulnerable displaced families were assisted with dignified shelter solutions to ensure access to physical protection including 2,230 families reached with emergency shelter solutions and 90 families with transitional shelters. This brings the total number of households assisted with shelter since January 2018 to 38,935. Components of transitional shelter solutions delivered during August include cash for rental support, housing repairs and distribution of transitional shelter kits. The emergency shelter solutions delivered include the distribution of emergency shelter kits, construction of communal shelters and construction of emergency shelters, such as those in Bama LGA of Borno State. In order to protect the affected populations from heavy wind and rainstorms, sector partners reinforced 4,250 shelters that were already over one year old. In addition, 3,300 newly constructed emergency shelters were reinforced during the month of August. To ensure that affected populations have access to sufficient supplies of basic and essential household items, vulnerable families were assisted with NFI kits. Components of NFI solutions include sector standard NFI kits, improved NFI kits and some sector specific items included in the Rapid Response Mechanism (RRM) core relief kits. The total number of households assisted with NFI kits since January 2018 is 37,588. Several factors such as severe weather, insecurity and unavailability of land to meet the immediate shelter needs of vulnerable displaced families are among the key challenges for the sector. Limited road access due to bad weather to Ngala and Kala/Balge LGAs of Borno State delayed logistics and response time. However, assistance meant for these locations were re routed to other LGAs with needs, in the meantime. Recurrent insecurity incidents in LGAs such as Ngala, Bama and Monguno in Borno have also led to an increase in displacement and population movements, thereby rapidly increasing the shelter needs. As a result of the spontaneous influx of populations to Bama LGA (over 600 households) in August, the sector partners rehabilitated seven buildings in the school and erected seven communal shelters. The sector also provided 175 households with emergency shelter solutions. The sector continues to advocate for more shelter solutions for the newly arrived internally displaced people who are particularly vulnerable. In the coming month, the sector through its partners aims to reach 4,625 vulnerable displaced families with emergency shelter solutions. This assistance will be delivered across Bama, Mafa, Nganzai, Ngala, Pulka, and Konduga LGAs of Borno State. Sector partners intend to carry out needs assessments in return areas to inform the distribution of transitional shelter/housing repair kits. This is to ensure that the long term needs of both returnees and displaced populations are adequately and appropriately met. The sector will also continue advocacy with the government, specifically with regard to identifying viable land to help decongest the camps. The situation is becoming increasingly challenging, and vulnerable families are suffering. 10

DISPLACEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT) During the month of August 2018, a total of 22,931 movements were recorded, including 19,106 arrivals and 3,825 departures at various locations including Askira/Uba, Bama, Biu, Chibok, Damboa, Demsa, Dikwa, Fufore, Girei, Gombi, Guzamala, Gwoza, Hawul, Hong, Jere, Kala/Balge, Konduga, Kukawa, Madagali, Mafa, Magumeri, Maiduguri, Maiha, Mayo belwa, Michika, Mobbar, Monguno, Mubi North, Mubi South, Ngala, Nganzai, Numan, Song, Yola North and Yola South Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Adamawa and Borno states. As reported by the Emergency Tracking Tool (ETT) assessments, voluntary relocations, ongoing conflict, poor living conditions, fear of attacks/communal clashes, improved security and military operations triggered the above movements. During the reporting period, damages due to rising water levels, flash floods and heavy rainstorms were reported in Monguno and Ngala LGAs in Borno State. The sector along with WASH partners mobilized the affected populations through camp sensitization campaigns, capacity building, awareness and distribution of flood mitigation tools. The aim was to create water pathways and evacuate water from camp sites. In Adamawa State, heavy rainfall, strong windstorms and the release of water from the Benue River dam in Cameroon led to flooding in some LGAs of Guyuk, Yola South, Yola North, Girei, Song, Shelleng, Fufore, Lamurde and Numan. An estimated population of 30,000 people (1,500 households) were affected with extensive damage to shelters and other infrastructure. A multi sector Initial Rapid Needs Assessment (IRNA) was undertaken and a response plan developed for the affected areas/populations. Multi sector advocacy is currently ongoing to respond to these needs at state and federal levels. The National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), along with other related agencies continue to advocate for cross border collaboration with regard to the release of water from the dams in neighboring countries. The Reception Management Strategy in Borno State continues to be applied by the sector partners, but hampered by unavailability to new land to settle populations already in the reception centers. Three of the nine reception centers Monguno, Ngala and Bama are full and require urgent movement of new arrivals to the camps to accommodate more new arrivals. The sector also recorded that 48 out of 148 camps in Borno are congested; i.e. camps with populations above the camp threshold. This, coupled with high rates of new arrivals, has triggered increased advocacy efforts to ensure the provision of additional lands for the construction of new shelters to host displaced populations. Biometric registration in August was carried out in Dikwa, Pulka, Ngala, Gwoza and Michika LGAs. In the coming month, sector partners aim to enhance the coordination among all sectors in the field so as to strengthen referral pathways. The sector will continue to advocate for more land in order to settle new arrivals who are currently in the reception centers in Monguno, Bama and Ngala areas of Borno State. The sector aims to continue with the drainage solutions along with community mobilization to fix water logged areas. In the long term, the sector is undertaking a survey of the topographical overlay of the camps and will advocate for more land to decongest and resettle internally displaced people in flood prone areas. In September biometric registration will be carried out in Dikwa, Pulka, Ngala, Gwoza, Michika and Kukawa LGAs. 11

EDUCATION Schools and learning centres across the BAY states resumed session during the first week of September after the long holidays, as per the SUBEB (State Universal Basic Education Board) calendar. A sector partner carried out a school enrolment campaign in Gwoza LGA of Borno State in August, targeting the children and community leadership. The INGO employed creative ways by using athletics and other sporting activities to support the enrolment drive. The community leaders were receptive while hundreds of children joined in the activities. It is expected that enrolment in Gwoza LGA will increase as a result of the campaign. A sector partner carried out training for 336 teachers on Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL). This is an innovative learning methodology that aims at fast tracking the reading, writing and numerical skills for children between 6 14 years. Children are grouped and taught according to their years as opposed to grade levels in schools. In a short time of 30 to 40 days (as proven by post input assessments), between 40 50 per cent of children are able to read a simple text fluently and complete basic mathematics. As part of the continued efforts to provide more learning spaces for children in Muna Garage IDP Camp in Borno State, 14 Temporary Learning Shelters (TLSs) were renovated at the school in the camp. The TLSs will benefit 840 children including 504 girls and 336 boys. Department for International Development (DFID) representatives visited DFID funded education programmes in north east Nigeria, including in Banki (Bama LGA of Borno), to monitor the progress of education programmes. The Annual Schools Census (ASC) a collaboration between UNICEF and SUBEB continued. This data collection exercise will provide a deeper understanding of out of school children, education needs and vital school based statistics for planning. A training was held for State Ministry of Education (SMoE) and SUBEB officials, focusing on improving the monitoring of School Based Management Committees (SBMCs) and their effectiveness. SBMCs are an essential link between schools and the communities they serve and are made up of a range of local people involved with their school. SBMCs work to increase communities involvement with education, and to help improve the quality and effectiveness of schools. The Education coordination team has been following up with regard to the education needs identified in Local Coordination Group (LCG) meetings in the LGAs across Borno State. It was noted that needs in Damboa LGA for education access are high due to the rising population in the camps. Partners with interventions in Damboa LGA have been engaged to consider scaling up to meet those needs. The Education sector is still seriously under funded and in recognition of this challenge the sector coordination team has been seeking support from various donors including Education Can t Wait, a fundraising platform in Nigeria. With more than 50 per cent of children still out of school, support to education interventions is urgently required. A priority is to boost access to education. As a result increased engagement with authorities will be carried out in order to address the issue of school fees a key impediment to education access. Additionally, the coordination team is collecting information in camps across various LGAs to explore how learners who are in Junior Secondary School without learning facilities can be supported. 12

WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE Since the beginning of the year, the sector has reached over 2.4 million women, children and men with safe water and sanitation facilities across Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states. In addition to responding to urgent water and sanitation needs, organisations providing WASH services have continued to respond to cholera and acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) outbreaks in the three states. This is a priority as the ongoing rainy season aggravates the spread of waterborne diseases; AWD and cholera can also spread quickly in congested areas, such as IDP camps. In Adamawa State, the cholera outbreak across the three LGAs of Mubi North, Mubi South and Maiha was controlled and eliminated early August. A new outbreak started in Fufore LGA in August (first case reported on 2 August 2018); Fufore LGA is located on the border with Cameroon. A delay in the response in this LGA was caused by the lack of (i) a prior presence of both humanitarian and development WASH partners in the affected settlements, and (ii) resources. As of end August only one partner has responded to this new outbreak. In Borno State, the AWD outbreak in Biu LGA was eliminated. However, new outbreaks occurred simultaneously in eight LGAs in the state. Because of a better preparedness and a prior presence in the affected communities, sector response was adequate in both scale and timeliness through household level disinfection, water point chlorination, distribution of cholera kits and a mass campaign focused on hygiene education. Day to day monitoring activities were also carried out, and new cases followed up. Yobe State also faces a new AWD outbreak, the third since March 2018. Affected areas are in Damaturu, Gujba, Gulani, Fune and Potiskum LGAs. As was the case during the previous outbreak, preparedness activities have meant that a response has been swift, for example with a mass campaign focused on hygiene education and the distribution of water purification tablets. The ongoing water shortage in Pulka, Gwoza LGA in Borno State remains a major challenge, especially as people arrive on a daily basis to the town and the camp. A high level mission including the Governor of Borno State, the Humanitarian Coordinator and the UNICEF Nigeria WASH Section Chief visited Pulka on 18 August 2018 to assess the overall humanitarian response. The Governor announced that the state government is in favour of IDPs moving from Pulka to nearby villages, to reduce the pressure on the water resources in Pulka IDP camp. The sector will focus on the Humanitarian Programme Cycle next month, in addition to key operational priorities such as the flooding in several locations in Borno and Adamawa states, the preparation of Standard NHF allocation, the impact of the ongoing military operations in Borno State and new displacements, and the ongoing outbreaks of cholera/awd in the BAY states. 13

LOGISTICS Two Logistics Sector coordination meetings were held in Maiduguri, with 25 participants representing 17 organisations. 600 humanitarian cargo movement notification forms were processed through the Nigerian Armed Forces (NAF); this is more than any other month since the start of Sector activities. These notifications represent the proposed movement of 1,754 trucks, carrying humanitarian cargo to more than 40 locations throughout north east Nigeria, of which 973 require a military escort. Sector managed storage facilities, operated by NGO Service Providers, in seven locations across Borno State, received 4,239 m³ (915 MT) of humanitarian cargo on behalf of 24 organisations. The Logistics Sector conducted a General Commodity Handling and Accounting Procedures training for 28 participants from 22 organisations in Maiduguri aimed at sharing minimum standards and principles that must be applied to fully, accurately, coherently and consistently account for cargo, and eliminate the basic errors when requesting access to common storage. While the rainy season continues to exacerbate issues regarding road access to certain LGAs, particularly those in Ngala and Kala/Balge, the Logistics Sector was able to deploy field technicians to a number of field sites (including Ngala, Damasak, Bama and Monguno) to conduct assessments, provide technical oversight to ongoing works, and conduct repairs to mobile storage units (MSUs) that had been damaged due to strong windstorms. In August, UNHAS transported 3,842 passengers on the helicopters and 1,406 passengers on the fixed wing aircraft. UNHAS also transported 13,327 kgs on the helicopters and 7,126 kgs on the fixed wing aircraft. The Logistics Sector has just begun reaching out to key organisations operating in Maiduguri regarding their own storage capacities, in order build a more complete picture of the logistics capacities and gaps in Maiduguri moving into 2019. This will be followed in the coming months by a more comprehensive survey of logistics operations in the whole of the north east, in which organisations will strongly be encouraged to participate. 14

EARLY RECOVERY AND LIVELIHOODS During August, the Early Recovery and Livelihoods sector supported state authorities and communities with interventions aimed at building resilience among displaced populations in select LGAs in the north east. The interventions implemented through HRP activities reached 31,000 people (20,865 females and 10,121 males). Sector partners implemented cash for work related activities aimed at providing emergency employment to displaced persons of concern as well as offering opportunities for increased access to basic social services. This was achieved through the rehabilitation and reconstruction of public infrastructure at LGA level which included youth centres, highways, and school and health facilities. This activity reached 2,977 households in Borno (Jere, Maiduguri LGAs) and Adamawa (Mubi North, Michika, Madagali LGAs). Approximately 1,525 beneficiaries (1,022 females and 503 males) received work payments of 24,000 and 16,800 for skilled and unskilled workers respectively. Unskilled works included excavation, water haulage, collection of sand, gravel, and pit sand, and mortar mixing. Skilled workers were employed as construction plumbers, builders, carpenters and site supervisors. In addition, sector partners carried out livelihood skills development initiatives reaching a total of 15,200 beneficiaries (9,180 females and 6,020 males) in August in the seven LGAs in Adamawa and Borno states. The livelihood skills trainings conducted by partners focused on financial literacy, vocational skills in groundnut cake/oil extraction, tailoring and grinding, shoe making, soap making, ICT application, electricals, briquette making, welding, carpentry and brick making. The agriculture related trainings included poultry farming, goat rearing, crop farming and small gardening. During the same month 1,747 farmers (982 males and 765 females) were trained on crop production, seed selection, post harvest handling and storage in addition to 16 farmer groups that were established in Yobe State. This activity benefited approximately 2,000 households who were supported with seeds, tools and fertilizers. 600 households in Ngala LGA of Borno that had received 1,800 goats in May 2018 received training on livestock management. Sector partners implemented Village Savings and Loan Association (VSLA) activities to promote a savings culture among beneficiaries. This activity has reached 4,050 beneficiaries in Borno State where about 142 VSLA groups with membership have been established in Jere, MMC, and Konduga LGAs. 20 VSLA groups with membership have been set up in Hong, Maiha and Michika LGAs in Adamawa State. This month, Early Recovery partners disbursed business grants worth 18,000,000 to 300 female headed households (with each receiving 60,000) to start income generating activities. The sum of 8,076,449 was disbursed to 20 beneficiaries (11 males and nine females) in six communities of Yola North and Yola South LGAs in Adamawa State to establish 20 microenterprises including fish farming, grain selling, poultry, groundnut processing, palm oil selling, food selling, engine oil trading, shoemaking, fashion/fabric processing, computer operation, and selling of mobile accessories. In the same vein, partners monitored the business development of beneficiaries and mentored approximately 250 (80 males and 170 females) in 10 communities in Adamawa and Borno states. Non HRP related activities continue to be implemented by sector partners. These initiatives include the distribution of farming assets, provision of agricultural extension services, establishment of small scale micro businesses, waste management initiatives, market recovery, conditional cash grants and cash vouchers. During this reporting period, non HRP activities have benefited about 6,128 individuals (4,150 females and 1,979 males) across the BAY states. Key challenges included attacks in Madagali LGA in Adamawa State which dispersed 31 beneficiaries who were meant to receive distributions, with others missing the required identification documentation to receive distribution. Inability of vendors to supply procured items in time delayed some activities. Rainfall and flooding also impeded access to some locations. The sector will continue to carry out livelihood and vocational training activities including the establishment of 20 VSLAs; refresher training and distribution of NFI and hygiene kits to 3,006 households in Arabic camp, Ngala LGA of Borno State. Partners will also carry out cash for work activities, review business plans, and train farmers in Bursari and Karasuwa LGAs of Yobe State. Business and financial literacy training will also be conducted, with 270 trainees expected to graduate in Borno State. 15

EMERGENCY TELECOMMUNICATIONS A mission to map the challenges and develop the technical specifications of the hybrid power supply solution was completed on 24 August 2018, and findings are being consolidated. The hybrid power supply solution aims at supporting ETS infrastructure and services deployed in the humanitarian hubs in north east Nigeria (internet and security telecommunications) to ensure they are available 24/7. The ETS engaged with humanitarian partners on the ground exploring alternative power solutions, such as solar energy, to support them through this assessment mission and avoid duplication of efforts. To ensure sustainability of ETS operations in the long term, the ETS continues the recruitment of national staff. Vacancy announcements were recently launched for two ETS telecommunications assistants and one communications assistant. A national ETS Senior Information Technology (IT) Operations Associate joined the team on 27 August 2018. The ETS user satisfaction survey was closed on 26 August 2018 after gathering feedback from over 200 humanitarians. Results are being analysed. The ETS continued to carry out maintenance missions to ensure its vital communications services are fully operational. In August, the ETS completed missions in Gwoza, Bama and Monguno hubs in Borno State. The ETS received a contribution of $855,000 from the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) to carry out ETS projects until the end of the year. The ETS is currently 44 per cent funded. From the end of October until mid November 2018, the ETS will carry out a Services for Communities (S4C) mission to map the communication gaps of affected populations and explore measures to fill those gaps. In the last quarter of 2018, the ETS plans to deliver technical radio training courses to partners supporting the humanitarian response on the ground, in addition to an Information and Communications Technology (ICT) training for Government and partners aimed at strengthening their response and collaboration mechanisms. The ETS will engage with partners on the ground to tailor the content of the training activities to the needs of humanitarian organisations. In line with the humanitarian hubs project plan, IOM will resume the construction of the hub in Rann, Borno State as soon as the rainy season ends. Once the hub is completed, the ETS will deploy vital communications services (Internet and security telecommunications) to support operations. 16

COORDINATION AND SUPPORT Response and constraints Inter sector coordination: In August, the ISWG continued with activities related to the Humanitarian Program Cycle (HPC). The first state level Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) briefing was held in Yola, Adamawa. As part of the HPC, the HNO supports humanitarian partners in developing a shared understanding of the impact and evolution of a crisis. The HNO presents a comprehensive analysis of the overall situation and associated needs and informs response planning. Its development is a shared responsibility among all humanitarian partners. As such, the objective of the state level consultation is to review assessment information, build consensus on the humanitarian situation and identify needs of the affected population to support development of the 2019 2021 Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP). The Adamawa HNO briefing was well attended by Sector Coordinators, Sector State Focal Points as well as government representatives including NEMA, SEMA, PCNI, Education Ministry, Water Resources Ministry, Women s Affairs Ministry, and others. The session highlighted the need for a scale up in the humanitarian response in Adamawa State, including with recent flooding and for conflict related displacement as a result of the farmer/herder crisis. It also highlighted that many LGAs in Adamawa State are in need of more early recovery and development focused activities. Further, with support from the ISWG, from 27 28 August, Adamawa Sector Focal Points carried out an IRNA to four of the seven LGAs impacted by recent flooding Yola North, Yola South, Song and Guyuk. The assessment was conducted upon the request of state government, and included teams comprised of NEMA, SEMA, UN agencies, INGOs, NNGOs and the Nigeria Red Cross. There are reports that over 30,000 people are directly affected by the floods, with homes being completely destroyed, water sources contaminated, food washed away and crops submerged. Main humanitarian needs include shelter, NFIs, food and WASH. Humanitarian hubs: Eight humanitarian hubs are officially operational in Maiduguri (Red Roof), Gwoza, Ngala, Bama, Dikwa, Damasak, Banki and Monguno. The Damasak hub is currently closed due to security conditions. The average occupancy rate of operational hubs since 1 January 2018 is: Red Roof 70 per cent (58 beds/average of 84 available beds) and field hubs 29 per cent (30 beds/average of 102 available beds). This rate has improved since last month. Access and civil military coordination (CMCoord): The humanitarian access situation remains challenging in the north east. Ongoing hostilities in the northern part of Borno State led to an initial, short term downsizing of humanitarian operations in several locations. Humanitarian partners are still assessing the operational environment, but have started upscaling again. Further, the humanitarian community is engaging on a regular basis with the Nigerian Armed Forces to de conflict movements and humanitarian activities to ensure lifesaving humanitarian aid reaches people in need. Due to the ongoing flooding, the humanitarian community has no road access to Rann. Humanitarian partners have used pre positioning and air cargo transport to provide lifesaving aid during this period. Inter sector coordination: In September, the ISWG will continue with Borno and Yobe state level HNO briefings to support the development of the 2019 2021 HRP. The ISWG will also follow up with a recommended response to the flooding in Adamawa State. Access and civil military coordination (CMCoord): OCHA will be organizing the first CMCoord trainings in October for the Nigerian Armed Forces as well as humanitarian partners. The HCT endorsed Nigeria specific CMCoord guidance will provide the framework for the training. Humanitarian hubs: Construction of the Rann hub is near completion. Six tents are functional. The hub however is not yet completed or approved by the Security Management Team (SMT). 17

FUNDING UPDATE The 2018 Humanitarian Response Plan To alleviate the suffering of 6.1 million people in dire need of life saving aid in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states, the United Nations and partners appealed for $1.05 billion for 176 projects to be implemented by 60 humanitarian organisations. It is the sixth largest single country appeal globally. As of 31 July, $510 million (48.7 per cent) of the funds have been received, according to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS). The Nigeria Humanitarian Fund In 2018 the Nigeria Humanitarian Fund (NHF) has raised $19.6 million. In August specifically, an additional $2.3 million was received from the Republic of Ireland. The target remains to raise $100 million through the NHF by end 2018. The NHF is one of 18 Country based Pooled Funds globally and has raised $63 million since it become operational in May 2017. In August the NHF initiated preparations for the First 2018 Standard Allocation, by consulting with relevant stakeholders on suitable humanitarian priorities. The allocation is planned to support priority activities identified in the 2018 HRP and implemented by UN, I/NGO and RC partners. The allocation process is planned to take place throughout October with funds disbursed by end November. As part of NHF accountability framework, visits were made to Gwoza and Bama for the monitoring of projects supported under the NHF s 2017 Second Standard Allocation. The visits covered the education and protection sectors. Implementation of both projects was in the advanced stages and no significant concerns were noted. Note: Funding received is to be reported on the Financial Tracking Service (FTS). The funding levels presented in this report are directly drawn from FTS, which depends on reporting by multiple sources, namely governmental and private donors, funds, recipient agencies and implementing organisations. Due to some major gaps in the reporting from those various sources, there is a discrepancy between the levels of funding presented here and the levels of funding actually received by humanitarian partners. OCHA encourages donors and partners to update their funding status as regularly as possible. To report a contribution, please visit the Report a contribution page: fts.unocha.org/content/report-contribution. 18