ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY 2015 What Can be Achieved? Asfri W. Rangku9 ASEAN- FAO Partnership Coordinator FAO Regional Asia and Pacific
ASEAN Economic Community ASEAN Economic Community Pillar 1 Single Market & Produc9on Base Pillar 2 Compe99ve Economic Region Pillar 3 Equitable Economic Development Pillar 4 Integra9on into the Global Economy
ASEAN Integra9on Single Market and produc9on base: Free flow of goods free flow of services free flow of investment free flow of capital free flow of skilled labour Goal
Regional Economic Architecture 4
Impact of Integra9on (Brain Gain Vs Brain Drain*) Brain Gain Augmented and supplemented domes9c supplies Removing Domes9c shortages Improving economic compe99veness and produc9vity Facilita9ng structural transforma9on and industrial upgrading
Impact of Integra9on (Brain Gain Vs Brain Drain*) Brain Drain lack of educated people scarcity of skills Hollowing out poorer countries Increase unemployment rate
FACTORS IN ASEAN SKILLED LABOUR MOBILITY Large dispari9es in wages and employment opportuni9es Geographic proximity and social- cultural- linguis9c environment Dispari9es in educa9onal development Policy factors Inflows skills exceeded oualows of skills (Brunei, Singapore, Thailand) Oualows far exceeded inflows skills ( Philippines and Malaysia) Skilled inflows and oualows do not figure prominently (Cambodia, Lao PDR, Indonesia and Viet Nam)
Integra9on Process - Commitment in AFAS Remove/minimise restric9on for the supply of services by foreigners 9 packages commiged since 1995 - Mutual Recogni9on Agreement Nursing and Midwifery (2006) Medical Prac99oners (2009) Dental Prac99oners (2009 8
Integra9on Process - Agreement on Movement of Natural Persons (MNP) - 2012 Supersede mode 4 commitments under AFAS - ASEAN Qualifica9on Reference Framework (AQRF) Facilitate issuance of visas and employment passes for ASEAN professionals and skilled labour 9
Integra9on Process Facilitate free flow of services, par9cularly, develop core competencies and qualifica9ons for job/occupa9onal and trainer skills Enhance coopera9on among ASEAN University Network (AUN) members Strengthen research capabili9es of each AMS in terms of promo9ng skills, job placements and developing labor market informa9on networks 1 0
ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services (AFAS) Ins9tu9onal mechanism to enhance coopera9on in trade services amongst AM Aims Improve efficiency, diversity in produc9on capacity, compe99veness, supply and distribu9on of services within and outside AMS Eliminate substan9ally restric9ons to trade amongst AMS Liberalise trade in services by expanding and deepening commitments 1 1
AFAS COMMITMENTS AFAS uses GATS Style- Posi9ve lis9ng Commitments listed by 4 modes of supply Mode 1. Cross Border Supply Mode 2. Consump9on Abroad Mode 3. Commercial Presence Mode 4. Movement of Natural Person Types of Market limita9ons Market Access: Limita9ons for services supplier to enter local market Na9onal treatment: any limita9ons that treat foreign supplier differently from local supplier 1 2
Mode 1 - Cross Border Trade Supply of a Service from territory of one Member into the territory of any other Member E.q. Tele diagnosis of a pa9ent in Bangkok by a Vet in Jakarta 1 3
Mode 2 - Consump9on Abroad Supply of a service in the territory of one Member to the service consumer of any other member e.q. A Malaysian pa9ent flies to Jakarta to get hospital treatment in RSHJ 1 4
Mode 3 - Commercial Presence Supply of a service by a service supplier of one Member, through commercial presence, in the territory of any other Member e.q. Private clinic in Jakarta establishes its subsidiary in Malaysia 1 5
Mode 4 - Presence of Natural Persons A service of one Member, through presence of natural persons of a Member in the territory of any other Member E.q. Vet in In Singapore open a prac9ce in Jakarta 1 6
Vet Services (CPC 932) 93201 Vet Services for Pet Animals 93210 (according to CPC ver.1.1) 93220 Vet Services for livestock (according to CPC Ver. 1.1) 93209 Other Vet Services 93290 (according to CPC ver 1.1) 1 7
AFAS 9 Commitments for Vet Services Countries Coverage Quality of Commitments Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 Brunei All Subsectors None None FE: 70% None Cambodia Indonesia lao PDR Not Scheduled CPC 93209 Services) Not Scheduled None None FE:70% None Myanmar All Subsectors None None None unbound Malaysia All Subsectors None None JV, FE: 70% NT; Unbound Unbound Phlippines CPC 93209** None None None 932 unbound Singapore All Subsector None None None None Thailand Viet Nam CPC 93201 None None 1 8 FE 49%, 1 Hospital NT; Domicile in TH unbound CPC 93320 None None FE:70% Unbound Excluding Keeping Microorganism detain for Vet None None For Private Unbound
ASEAN Healthcare MRAs An Mutual Recogni9on Agreement (MRA) enables professional service providers registered/cer9fied in its signatory to be equally recognised in other signatories country: they can be registered for the equivalent occupa9on in these other jurisdic9on 1 9
Common Objectives of ASEAN MRAs Facilitate mobility of services professionals Exchange of informa9on and exper9se Promote adop9on of best prac9ces on standards and qualifica9ons Facilitate capacity building and technology transfers
Common Eligibility for Recogni9on in an MRA Professional Qualifica9ons: Accredited and recognised educa9on degree Valid professional registra9on/licensing cer9ficate Sufficient prac9cal and diversified experience Con9nuing professional development no record of serious viola9on on technical, professional, or ethical standards 2 1
Implementa9on of ASEAN MRAs Legal No9fica9ons - Ra9fica9on and No9fica9on The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. Na9onal Set Up Professional Regulatory Authori9es Regional Set Up Chairmanship, organisa9onal set up Exchange Informa9on na9onal licensing and Registra9on Requirement 2 2 ASEAN Registra9on ASEAN License, Registered Foreign Professional
What Can Be Achieved Official plaaorm/forum for coopera9on Exchange of informa9on amongst AMS Promo9on of best prac9ces and capacity Building ASEAN- wide cer9fica9on Harmonisa9on of qualifica9ons Educa9onal Accredita9on 2 3
Terima Kasih 2 4