along with present today s webinar: EXPANDING ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY THROUGH IMMIGRANT ASSET BUILDING: WHAT DO FUNDERS NEED TO KNOW? March 21, 2018 #ImmigrantAssets Thank you to the Sponsors of the upcoming Brief, Expanding Economic Opportunity through Immigrant Asset Building:
WEBINAR CONTROL PANEL PARTICIPATE During the presentation Type your question in the QUESTIONS BOX to be addressed during discussion breaks or during Q/A #ImmigrantAssets
AssetFunders.org
Asset Funders Network advances economic opportunity and prosperity for low and middle income people through philanthropy. Private, Public, Corporate, and Community Foundations Public-Sector Funders Financial Institutions Corporate Giving Programs Credit Unions Community Development Financial Institutions United Ways
provides a forum for funders to Learn about current issues through indepth analyses, research reports, online data, tools, and resources tailored specifically for grantmakers Connect with other funders through a diverse slate of programs, briefings, and conferences Collaborate with grantmaking colleagues on strategies for immigrant-related funding locally, regionally, and nationally Since 1990, GCIR has sought to influence philanthropy to advance the contributions and address the needs of the country's growing and increasingly diverse immigrant and refugee populations. In so doing, we seek to promote effective grantmaking that not only improves the lives of newcomers but also strengthens communities.
DISCUSSION AGENDA INTRODUCTIONS AND FRAMING REMARKS JOBI CATES ASSET FUNDERS NETWORK FELECIA BARTOW GRANTMAKERS CONCERNED WITH IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES (GCIR) EXPANDING ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY THROUGH IMMIGRANT ASSET BUILDING: WHAT DO FUNDERS NEED TO KNOW? EXAMPLES IN ACTION DR. MANUEL PASTOR UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA (USC) PROGRAM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND REGIONAL EQUITY; USC CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION PAULINA GONZALEZ CALIFORNIA REINVESTMENT COALITION CHI-MEI LIN CHINESE COMMUNITY CENTER NEXT STEPS AND CONCLUSION JOBI CATES ASSET FUNDERS NETWORK #ImmigrantAssets
INTRODUCTIONS JOBI CATES ASSET FUNDERS NETWORK FELECIA BARTOW GRANTMAKERS CONCERNED WITH IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES (GCIR) DR. MANUEL PASTOR USC PROGRAM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND REGIONAL EQUITY; USC CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION PAULINA GONZALEZ CALIFORNIA REINVESTMENT COALITION CHI-MEI LIN CHINESE COMMUNITY CENTER #ImmigrantAssets
Photo Credit: Jordan Fischer, https://flic.kr/p/dfeqn, CC BY 2.0 Photo Credit: Paul Sableman, https://flic.kr/p/rfkttb, CC BY 2.0 Immigrant Lives, American Futures: Linking Asset Building and Immigrant Integration 03.01.18 Manuel Pastor @Prof_MPastor 8
OVERVIEW Despite heated rhetoric, the United States identifies as a country of immigrants- we know that newcomer success is crucial to the national future Another core American valueeconomic security Our goal: to encourage further collaboration between asset building and immigrant integration funders Photo Credit: The All-Nite Images, https://flic.kr/p/qnrjtz, CC BY-SA 2.0 9
IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES 43 million foreign born in the United States (over 13 % of the total population) Half of all immigrants have been in the country 18 years or more A diverse group: 45 percent Latino, 27 percent Asian- American/Pacific Islander, 18 percent non-hispanic white, and 8 percent Black. Source: http://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/sites/greeneconomycoalition.org/files/imagecache/main/hubs.jpg 10
WHAT IS IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION? Immigrant integration is improved economic mobility for, enhanced civic participation by, and receiving society openness to immigrants. It is a dynamic, two way process in which newcomers and the receiving society can both benefit. It is profoundly local 11
THE IMPACT OF STATUS U.S. immigrants by status o 25% undocumented o 27% lawful permanent residents o 44% naturalized citizens o <5% documented but temporary Affects access to formal employment and government benefits o Lack of documentation decreases wages, increases financial instability o Ripple effects on families Photo Credit: Molly Adams, https://flic.kr/p/xomyri, CC BY 2.0 12
THE IMPACT OF STATUS Immigration Status and Family Ripple Effects in the US, 2012-2016 12,000,000 11,032,000 10,000,000 8,961,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,803,000 2,000,000 - Undocumented Immigrants U.S. Citizens Living with Undocumented Family Members LPRs Living with Undocumented Family Members 13
THE IMPACT OF STATUS 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% Recency of Arrival for Naturalized, LPRs and Undocumented Immigrants, USA, 2012-2016 Over half of undocumented immigrants nationwide have been in the US for more than a decade 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Naturalized immigrant Lawful Permanent Resident Undocumented 5 years or less 6-10 years 11-20 years 21-30 years More than 30 years 14
IMMIGRANT PROGRESS OVER TIME 80% Homeownership Rate by Nativity and Recency of Arrival, USA, 2012-2016 70% 65% 71% 60% 56% 50% 43% 40% 30% 20% 22% 10% 0% US-born Immigrated more than 30 years ago Immigrated 21-30 years ago Immigrated 11-20 years ago Immigrated ten years ago or less 15
IMMIGRANT PROGRESS OVER TIME 80% Homeownership Rate by Nativity and Recency of Arrival for USborn & Undocumented Immigrants, USA, 2012-2016 70% 65% 60% 50% 45% 40% 38% 30% 28% 20% 16% 10% 0% US-born Immigrated more than 30 years ago Immigrated 21-30 years ago Immigrated 11-20 years ago Immigrated ten years ago or less 16
WHAT IS ASSET BUILDING? Asset building is a strategy to enable greater access to economic security and opportunities, particularly for low-income communities and communities of color. Asset Funders Network Key to both short-term security and long-term economic mobility. Assets are tangible and intangible, explicitly financial and otherwise. Photo Credit: Mark Moz, https://flic.kr/p/irgdzg, CC BY 2.0 Photo Credit: Aaron Patterson, https://flic.kr/p/9c9vcs, CC BY 2.0 17
WHAT ARE ASSETS? Assets can be tangible and intangible, explicitly financial and otherwise. Examples include: Personal Financial Social Post -secondary education Healthcare Stable Income with disposable cash Checking and savings accounts Community services Locally-owned businesses Affordable child care Access to credit Diverse and trusted social network Language abilities Citizenship Credit score Homes/home equity Retirement savings Business start-up and expansions Insurance 18
WHAT ARE ASSETS? Non-financial forms of assets that can help low-income individuals and families include: Photo Credit: Flazingo Photos, https://flic.kr/p/nurksv, CC BY-SA 2.0 Human capital education, experience and skills Social capital benefits accrued through relationships and networks Cultural capital knowledge, skill, and resources needed to navigate across borders and obstacles Civic capital shared values and principles that facilitate valuable group cooperation or action 19
WHAT ARE ASSETS? Having assets enables immigrants (and all U.S. residents) to: Maintain stability through financial emergencies Use good credit to secure a Photo Credit: Cafecredit.com, https://flic.kr/p/gfrbwd, CC BY 2.0 mortgage Pursue higher education for themselves or their children Take risks that result in better jobs or new business Save for retirement 20
BUT THERE ARE GAPS FOR INCOME & ASSETS Family Poverty Rates by Nativity in the United States, 2015 22
Photo Credit:Thomas Hawk, https://flic.kr/p/fjpar, CC BY-NC 2.0 ASSETS, BARRIERS AND STRATEGIES Homeownership is a significant way in which families accumulate wealth it is often the greatest asset in the portfolios of minority and low-income households. Barrier: Limited access to credit and bad credit history Strategy: Increase access to mortgage credit, protect against housing discrimination, and protect against predatory lending 24
ASSETS, BARRIERS AND STRATEGIES Post-secondary education increases earnings and the likelihood of employment, including the likelihood of having a job with benefits (e.g., healthcare, pension) Barrier: Lack of knowledge about college requirements, admissions, and financial aid Strategy: Help lowincome students and parents navigate the process of applying for college/financial aid Photo Credit: U.S. Department of Education, https://flic.kr/p/fanj4f, CC BY 2.0 25
ASSETS, BARRIERS AND STRATEGIES Small business ownership is another way of building wealth particularly for those facing barriers to entering labor markets. Like all assets, small businesses can support intergenerational mobility. Barrier: Lack of knowledge and networks around business formation and planning Strategy: Entrepreneurship courses for students, and new business owners Photo Credit: https://www.careerguide.com/ask/t/what-are-thechallenges-and-rewards-of-entrepreneurship 26
ASSETS, BARRIERS AND STRATEGIES Traditional financial services can help in building, protecting, and preserving wealth through banking products like checking, savings, and investment accounts as well as loans. Photo Credit: Мaistora, https://flic.kr/p/csgg9, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Barrier: Lack of products with low or no minimum balance and requirements of SS# or extensive government identification Strategy: Improving cost, transparency, and service at traditional banks 27
INTEGRATING IMMIGRANTS AND ASSETS A pathway to economic security for immigrant/ refugee communities considers: Photo Credit: Rick Obst, https://flic.kr/p/qukfff, CC BY 2.0 the life course and status of the individual barriers to accessing financial systems in place mechanisms for financial inclusion to help build and protect intergenerational wealth Conditions of arrival do matter, but so do the systems (or lack of systems) in place 28
COMMON CHALLENGES FOR IMMIGRANTS 1. Immigrants face discrimination and devaluation of their assets in the U.S., much like native born people of color; 2. Assets are often undervalued or unrecognized, like educational achievements or credentials; 3. Immigration status limits access to asset building, depending where one is along the spectrum; 4. Experiences with financial practices in one s country of origin impact usage in the United States. Photo Credit: Kenn Wilson, https://flic.kr/p/dgfce, CC BY-NC 2.0 29
COMMON CHALLENGES FOR IMMIGRANTS Even if immigrants can use mainstream banking and financial services, they often face these barriers: Lack of trust in financial institutions Concern that banks ask too much in minimum balance requirements and fees Lack of knowledge or access to online banking Inconvenience of locations and hours Lack of knowledge about financial products Uncertainty about documentation and ID requirements Lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate services Photo Credit: Paul Sableman, https://flic.kr/p/prtpm h, CC BY 2.0 30
ASSET BUILDING TOOLS BY STATUS Asset building is easier for immigrants with a more permanent status, but this can vary by geography and institution. For Example: Undocumented individuals have access to some credit cards through ITINs, but very limited access to nonpredatory loans LPRs and Naturalized citizens can access a wide variety of secure options in banking, including private and federally-backed loans. Photo Credit: Ignatian Solidarity Network, https://flic.kr/p/23azs1f, CC BY-NC 2.0 31
PROMISING PRACTICES: BUNDLING Coordinating a set of services appropriate to specific communities (e.g. Annie E Casey Center for Working Families model) Funder: Clowes Fund Services from five agencies in one location: Skill building Job-seeking skills Access to financial tools (e.g. financial coaching) Support in income stabilization (e.g., EITC, Source: CONNECT, https://www.connectnow.org/, 32 SNAP)
PROMISING PRACTICES: ENTREPRENEURSHIP Immigrants form businesses at higher rates than nonimmigrants, but encounter specific challenges Lack of access to capital Linguistic exclusion Lack of familiarity with business support structures Educators for Fair Consideration s (E4FC) Funders: Grove Foundation, Unbound Philanthropy The Fund for Undocumented Social Entrepreneurs (FUSE): for undocumented entrepreneur projects with high social impact Immigrants Rising: toolkit of online guides, webinars, and recommended communitybased service providers for immigrant entrepreneurs regardless of status 33
PROMISING PRACTICES: WORKFORCE Workforce Development Encompasses Training to move up the skills and income ladder Revaluation of credentials earned in home countries Access to post-secondary education Funder: The Community Foundation of Sarasota County Two-generation approach Guide students and parents through the post-secondary education application process and financial literacy workshops Present workshops on interview etiquette, leadership development and teamwork for students Offer student internships at the Foundation Provide training and classes for parents 34
PROMISING PRACTICES: PUBLIC POLICY A wide range of policies affecting immigrant asset building are in place or in development E.g., state-level policies that reduce barriers to professional licenses for immigrants trained in other countries (e.g., California, Michigan, Minnesota, Utah) California Reinvestment Coalition Funders: Walter & Elise Haas Fund, Y&H Soda Foundation Released a report recommending expanding eligibility for the state Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) to ITIN holders Called on banks and regulators to improve access to accounts and loans for homes/small businesses and improve education about consumer privacy laws 35
OWNING THE FUTURE OR OWING THE FUTURE? Increasingly important to shed light on shared needs in our polarized nation Encouraged by the promising programs, strategies and enthusiasm encountered in our interviews Moving forward: Scaling up and continuing to link the fields can help make economic security a reality for all Americans Photo Credit: Ludovic Bertron, https://flic.kr/p/5opxey, CC BY 2.0 36
Thank you! For more information on CSII and additional reports, please visit: http://dornsife.usc.edu/csii The mission of the Center for the Study of Immigrant Integration (CSII) is bring together scholarship that draws on rigorous research, data that provides information, and engagement that seeks to create new dialogues with business and civic leaders, immigrants and the voting public. 37
EXAMPLES IN ACTION PAULINA GONZALEZ CALIFORNIA REINVESTMENT COALITION CHI-MEI LIN CHINESE COMMUNITY CENTER #ImmigrantAssets
Investment Recommendations... Assess and Increase Grantee Capacity Prioritize Bundled Services Support Entrepreneurship Expand Workforce Opportunities Advance Needed Research Fund Policy Advocacy
Internal and Peer Recommendations... Staff Up Break Down Silos Eschew Either/Or Arguments Utilize Philanthropy-Supporting Resources
QUESTIONS & DISCUSSION CONTROL PANEL QUESTIONS Click the QUESTIONS box to share a question for the presenters. JOBI CATES ASSET FUNDERS NETWORK FELECIA BARTOW GRANTMAKERS CONCERNED WITH IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES (GCIR) DR. MANUEL PASTOR USC PROGRAM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND REGIONAL EQUITY; USC CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION PAULINA GONZALEZ CALIFORNIA REINVESTMENT COALITION CHI-MEI LIN CHINESE COMMUNITY CENTER #ImmigrantAssets
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