Small and medium business in the Republic of Belarus: gender factors Brest State Technical University Andrei Prarouski - the Head of the Department of World Economy, Marketing and Investments Natalia Chetyrbock - the Head of the Department of Management, Economics and Finances
In Belarusian official statistics to the small and medium entrepreneurship are referred: private entrepreneurs, registered in the Republic of Belarus; micro organizations, registered in the Republic of Belarus commercial organizations with employee quantity to 15 inclusive; small organizations, registered in the Republic of Belarus commercial organizations with employee quantity from 16 to 100 inclusive; medium organizations, registered in the Republic of Belarus commercial organizations with employee quantity from 101 to 250 inclusive.
Share of small and medium enterprises in gross domestic product, % of total republican indicator 23,6 18,8 19,8 21,2 2009 2010 2011 2012
There were 266 413 private entrepreneurs as of January 1, 2014 Number of enterprises, providing economic activity in 2009 2012 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 m edium organizations sm all organizations m icro organizations 20000 10000 0 2009 2010 2011 2012
Average number of employed in 2009 2012, thousand of people Medium organizations 33% Micro organizations 29% Small organizations 38%
Share of small and medium enterprises in gross domestic product, % of total republican indicator Micro and small Medium organizations organizations 2011 2012 2011 2012 Agriculture, hunting and forestry 3.4 3.2 29.1 28.4 Manufacturing industry 15.5 15.2 22.6 23.3 Civil engineering 9.3 9.1 15.7 16.6 trade, auto service, repair of household goods and 41.5 41.2 11.1 11.3 items of personal use Transport and communications 9.2 9.6 4.9 4.5 real estate operations, lease and rendering of other 12.3 12.7 8.4 7.7 services to customers Rendering of public, social and personal 4.3 4.3 3.3 3.1 services Other 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 In total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
The share of women in total population quantity is 53.4%. 54 52 50 48 46 men women 44 42 Belarus Austria Belgium GermanyDenmark Ireland Latvia Lithuania
Researches show that women have distinct advantages, which define their favorable opportunities for management activity: 1. Motivation of women labor activity has certain distinctions. 2. In personnel management woman-leader pays serious attention to the relationship among collective members, the sphere of interpersonal relations affects her more than man-leader. 3. When interrelating with the environment woman management style is remarkable by its flexibility, situatedness, ability to adapt to the cirkumstances. Woman can combine and switch operatively between different social roles. 4. Woman-leader s style of management is characterized by democratic character, readiness to cooperation and collegial decision-making. 5. In extreme situations woman-manager doesn t demonstrate fear and avoidance behavior, but active withstanding. Internal feeling of a woman helps her to act successfully in crisis situations
The population in Belarus is 9 468,1 thousand people as of 01.01.2014
Age pyramid of Belarus from the data of census, as of 2013
The Belarusian women retire in 55 years and men in 60. Life expectancy at birth in EU-countries and Belarus, years
Thus, for a solution of the problem of labor resources for small and medium enterprises in the future it is already necessary to engage actively people of a retirement age to work taking into account that among these people the main share will be made by women. And it is necessary to stimulate the involvement of women in the activity of small and medium enterprises, especially taking into account gender and age structure of the population of Belarus. For achievement of these purposes it is necessary: 1.To create conditions for women for realization of their potential in small and medium business. 2.To render consulting services on a preferential basis to seniors and women. 3.To grant soft loans on business development to seniors and women.
Thanks for attention!