Russian Survey of Immigrants from Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan June, 2007
Methodology Sample size 779 total interviews: 259 Moldovans 259 Georgians 261 Azeris Dates of interviews May 7-25, 7 2007 Margin of error 3.5 percentage points 150
Immigrant Adult Populations in Russia Azeris 903,000 Moldovans 344,000 Georgians 283,000 Source: 2002 Federal State Statistics Service of Russia and B&A estimates based on 2007 survey of Moldovans,, Georgians, and Azeris residing in Russia 151
Oblasts and kraia of Russia where interviews were conducted 152
Oblasts and kraia of Russia where interviews were conducted 153 Moscow oblast St. Petersburg (Leningrad) oblast Samara oblast Rostov oblast (Rostov-on-Don) Kaliningrad oblast Novosibirsk oblast Sverdlovsk oblast (Yekaterinburg) Tver oblast Volgograd oblast Tyumen oblast Krasnodar kraia
Demographics of Remittance Senders from Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan 154
Gender Remittance Senders Moldovans 45% 55% Georgians 36% 64% Male Female Azeris 19% 81% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 155
Age Remittance Senders Moldovans 7% 39% 54% 18-34 Georgians Azeris 7% 10% 40% 50% 45% 48% 35-49 50+ 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 156
What is your personal net income after paying taxes at this time? Remittance Senders Moldovans 22% 26% 36% Less than 12,000 Roubles Georgians 14% 27% 38% 12,000-24,000 Roubles Azeris 16% 21% 36% More than 24,000 Roubles 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 157 Average monthly income 17,000 Rubles / 500
What type of work do you do? All Immigrants from Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan Service worker (maids, domestic workers, elderly caretakers, cooks, etc.) Industry worker Unskilled worker (restaurants, hotels, clerks, retail stores) Agricultural worker Entrepreneur / Small business owner 158
Education Remittance Senders Moldovans 22% 38% 40% Completed secondary or less Georgians 24% 36% 40% Special secondary / preliminary professional / technical Azeris 41% 45% College graduate or more 12% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 159
Legal Status Remittance Senders Moldovans 12% 18% 62% Russian citizen Georgians 5% 38% 50% Legal resident Azeris 7% 32% 57% Undocumented immigrant 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 160
Migration Trends of Moldovans, Georgians, and Azeris in Russia 161
Do you live in Russia throughout the entire year? Moldovans 44% 56% Georgians 16% 84% Yes No Azeris 24% 76% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 162
Do you live in Russia throughout the entire year? By Legal Status of all Immigrants from Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan Citizen 3% 97% Legal resident 35% 65% Yes No Undocumented immigrant 37% 63% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 163
How long have you been living in Russia? Full-time Residents of Russia 23% 22% 55% Moldovans Less than 5 years Georgians 25% 38% 37% 5 to 10 years Azeris 33% 29% 38% More than 10 years 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 164
When was the last time you visited your country? Full-time Residents of Russia Moldovans 11% 34% 50% Within the last year Georgians 15% 35% 42% Within the last 5 years Azeris 9% 34% 52% More than 5 years ago 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 165
Full-time Residents of Russia vs. Seasonal Migrant Workers Moldovans 4% 40% 56% Full-time residents Georgians 3% 13% 84% Seasonal migrant workers Azeris 16% 76% Others 8% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 166
How many years have you been a seasonal migrant worker in Russia? Moldovans 28% 60% 4 years or less Georgians 49% 51% Azeris 44% 49% More than 4 years 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 167
Remittances from Russia to Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan 168
In 2006, did you send money to any of your relatives or friends living in your home country? Moldovans 37% 63% Georgians 42% 58% Yes No Azeris 36% 64% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 169
In 2006, did you send money to any of your relatives or friends living in your home country? All Immigrant Workers from Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan by Years of Residency in Russia Less than 3 years 45% 55% 3 to 10 years 38% 62% Yes No More than 10 years 36% 64% 170 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
In 2006, did you send money to any of your relatives or friends living in your home country? All Immigrant Workers from Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan by Age 18 to 34 45% 55% Yes No 35+ 30% 70% 171 0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
How much money did you send your family member in Moldova in 2006? Less than 200 18% 200 to 500 28% 500 to 1000 22% More than 1000 20% No answer 12% 172 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Average - 850
How much money did you send your family member in Georgia in 2006? Less than 200 33% 200 to 500 25% 500 to 1000 13% More than 1000 15% No answer 14% 173 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% Average - 750
How much money did you send your family member in Azerbaijan in 2006? Less than 200 18% 200 to 500 26% 500 to 1000 25% More than 1000 18% No answer 13% 174 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Average - 850
How much money did you send your family member in your home country in 2006? All Immigrant Workers from Moldova, Georgia, and Azerbaijan by Years of Residency in Russia Less than 3 years 38% 47% Less than 500 3 to 10 years 35% 55% More than 10 years 25% 60% More than 500 175 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Remittances from Russia The Moldovan, Georgian, and Azeri immigrants living in Russia sent approximately 798 million to their family members during 2006. 176
Remittances from Russia Moldova Poll of Moldovan Remittance Senders in Russia (May 2007) Poll of Moldovan Remittance Recipients (January 2007) Euros ( ) 184 million 181 million (from Russia only) 177
Remittances from Russia Georgia Poll of Georgian Remittance Senders in Russia (May 2007) Poll of Georgian Remittance Recipients (January 2007) Euros ( ) 123 million 140 million (from Russia only) 178
Remittances from Russia Azerbaijan Poll of Azeri Remittance Senders in Russia (May 2007) Poll of Azeri Remittance Recipients (January 2007) Euros ( ) 491 million 310 million (from Russia only) 179
How long have you been sending money to your home country? 52% Moldovans 8% 32% 3 years or less Georgians 38% 42% 4 to 9 years 10% 50% 10 years or more Azeris 28% 13% 180 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Average 4.5 years
How many times in 2006 did you send money to your home country? Once 16% 2 to 3 times 40% 4 to 5 times 22% 6 to 10 times 12% 11 times or more 6% 181 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Average 4 times a year
How do you send money to people in your home country? Moldovans 18% 22% 19% 36% International Money Transfer Company Georgians 15% 15% 26% 42% Bank Courier/ Friend or Relative Traveling Azeris 14% 12% 23% 49% Other 182 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
To whom did you send money to on a regular basis? Mother or Father 61% Husband or Wife Brother or Sister Son or Daughter Aunt or Uncle Niece or Nephew Other relative 15% 10% 6% 2% 1% 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 183
The Banking System and Investment Opportunities 184
Do you have a bank account? Remittance Senders Moldovans Georgians Azeris 6% 2% 4% 1% 2% 2% 15% 17% 22% 77% 78% 74% Yes, in Russia Yes, in home country Yes, in both home country and Russia No 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 185
Do you have a bank account? By Length of Residency in Russia Less than 3 years 3 to 10 years More than 10 years 4% 1% 4% 2% 0% 1% 13% 19% 24% 75% 75% 82% Yes, in Russia Yes, in home country Yes, in both home country and Russia No 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 186 38
Why do you not have a bank account? Do not need a bank account 47% Not enough money to put in an account 25% Do not trust banks 16% Procedure for opening an account is complicated Bad experience with banks in past 6% 6% No bank near home or work 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 187
Does the family member that you send money to in your home country have a bank account? Moldovans 28% 55% Yes Georgians 25% 58% No Azeris 23% 63% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 188
Thinking about the last 3 times you sent money, what was the amount of the fee that you paid to send the remittance? By Amount Sent with each Remittance 40% Less than 200 49% 0 5% 200 to 500 500 to 1000 More than 1000 32% 19% 23% 25% 15% 30% 41% 41% 40% 3-10 More than 10 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 189
What was the main reason you sent money to your relative in your home country in 2006? Take care of basic family needs 53% So relative can enjoy nice things 25% Help relative with emergency expenses Finance projects Save for another reason Help with education expenses Cover incurred debts Something else 7% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 190
Do you save money in any way at this time? Remittance Senders Moldovans 40% 60% Yes Georgians 47% 53% Azeris 30% 70% No 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 191
Do you save money in any way at this time? By Length of Residency in Russia Less than 3 years 42% 58% Yes 3 to 10 years 43% 57% More than 10 years 43% 57% No 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 192
193 What is the main thing you are saving money for? To improve you overall quality of life 42% To take money back to home country with you 20% To buy a house in Russia 20% In case of illness 13% To buy a car 11% To start a business in Russia 9% To finance the education of your children 9% For outings or trips during the weekends 8% To celebrate special occasions 7% To make improvements to your home 7% To buy furniture or appliances for your home 7% To start a business in home country 4% To buy a house in home country 4% In case of a death in the family 2% For your retirement 1%
Interest in Financial Products Remittance Senders Very interested answers only Moldovans Georgians Azeris 18% 14% 30% 25% 20% 16% Mortgage or home loan Business loan 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 194