APAH Reading Guide Chapter 6 Name: Directions: Read pages 142 161 and answer the following questions using many details and examples from the text. 1. Who were the advocates of centralization, and what was seen as the most serious problem of the Articles of Confederation? 2. What were the characteristics of the men who met at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia? Whose presence was essential to the meeting's success? Why? 3. What were the two major points of view that divided the convention? What plans did each side propose to carry its view? (Discuss the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan.) 4. How were the differences between the "large state" and the "small state" plans resolved? What other issues divided the convention, and how were they resolved? 5. What was to be the role of various branches of government under the new Constitution? (Provide details). 6. Why did the supporters of the new Constitution call themselves "Federalists"? 7. What method did the Federalists employ to get their views across to the people? What were their arguments, and how did the "Antifederalists" respond?
8. What was the process by which the Constitution was finally ratified? Which states supported it? What objections were raised by the states? 9. Who were the men Washington selected for his cabinet? Provide their names and positions. 10. How did the divisions of the 1790s reflect the differences in philosophy that were at the heart of the debate over the Constitution? 11. What was the view of society and politics held by Hamilton? Who did he feel should govern, and why? 12. What was Hamilton's plan for paying the nation's debts and restoring credit on a sound basis? To which social, economic, and political groups would this have appealed? 13. How did Hamilton propose to enact his programs? Who opposed him, and to what degree was Hamilton successful? 14. How did political parties rise as a result of Hamilton's programs?
15. What was the political philosophy of Jefferson and Madison? How did it differ from that of Hamilton? 16. How did the French Revolution highlight the differences between the Federalists and the Republicans? 17. How did Washington's reaction to the Whiskey Rebellion underscore the difference between the Constitution and the Articles of Confederation? 18. What diplomatic problem did the French Revolution and the war that followed pose for the United States? 19. What were the circumstances that sent John Jay to England, and what were the results of his mission? 20. Why was John Adams selected as the Federalist candidate in 1796? 21. What circumstances led to an administration with a Federalist president and a Republican vice president? 22. What caused the "quasi war" with France during the Adams administration? What was the result of this struggle? 23. How did the Federalists attempt to silence those who opposed the undeclared war, and what groups did these attempts most affect?
24. What gave rise to the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, and what attitude toward the nature of the federal government did these resolutions reveal? 25. What were the issues in the election of 1800, and what were the reactions of the losers and the victors? 26. Why did the framers of the Constitution feel the need to develop a federal government? 27. Describe the evolution of the presidency during the Federalist Regime (Washington and Adams). 28. What precedents did George Washington establish while president? 29. Why has the election of 1800 often been referred to as a political revolution within the new republic? What was revolutionary about the results? 30. On what did Hamilton and Jefferson differ? Was there room for compromise? What interests in the nation supported each side? What does this suggest about the supporters of the 2 emerging political parties? How does this issue define the central divisions between the emerging Federalist and anti- Federalist viewpoints? 31. What effect did geography have on the Federalists and anti-federalists?
32. Discuss the 3 presidential elections of 1792, 1796, and 1800. How were they alike? How were they different? Who were the major candidates? What issues did they support? How did the election impact the United States? Use the table below to delineate between the elections of 1792, 1796, and 1800. Candidates 1792 1796 1800 Political Parties Major Issues Victor Impact on the US 33. During the Federalist era events in other countries did much to shape political party growth and domestic policy. Look at American relations with England Spain and France; analyze how these relations affected the two political parties that emerged during this period; and explain the way the government responded to this foreign influence on the parties.