US History Ms. Jones Unit 3 Test Please read the following instructions carefully. For each question, please select the best answer and fill in the bubble on your answer sheet. Do not write on the test, only write on your answer sheet and separate sheet of paper. (SSUSH 14: American Imperialism) 1. Which statement best describes President Theodore Roosevelt s foreign policy position toward Latin America in the early 1900 s? a. The United States should reduce its involvement in Latin American affairs. b. The Monroe Doctrine permits the United States to intervene actively in the affairs of Latin American nations. c. Latin American nations should form an organization to help them achieve political and economic stability. d. The United States should give large amounts of financial aid to help the poor of Latin America. 2. Throughout United States history, the most important aim of the country s foreign policy has been a. participation in international organizations b. advancement of national self-interest c. containment of communism d. development of military alliances 3. Which United States foreign policy was most directly related to the rise of big business in the late 1800s? a. containment b. imperialism c. détente d. neutrality 4. Yellow journalists created support for the Spanish-American War by writing articles about the a. political popularity of William Jennings Bryan b. efforts of the United States to control Mexico c. destruction of United States sugar plantations by Hawaiians d. sinking of the United States battleship Maine in Havana Harbor 5. From 1900 to 1915, a basic aim of United States foreign policy was to a. develop close economic ties with African nations b. oppose revolutionary movements in western Europe c. promote United States influence in Latin America d. prevent the spread of communism in western Europe and Asia 6. Which argument was used to support United States acquisition of overseas possessions in the late 1800 s? a. The United States needed to obtain raw materials and new markets. b. The spread of Marxist ideas had to be stopped because they threatened world peace. c. The United States should be the first world power to build a colonial empire. d. The doctrine of Manifest Destiny had become obsolete. (SSUSH 13: Progressive Era) 7. In the early 20th century, muckrakers were able to influence American society mainly through their a. frequent acts of civil disobedience b. activities as government officials c. publication of articles and books d. control over factories 8. The purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887), the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890), and the Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) was to a. eliminate unfair business practices b. reduce imports from foreign nations
c. reduce the power of the unions d. increase the power of local governments 9. Which statement best summarizes President Theodore Roosevelt s views about conservation? a. Environmental issues are best decided by the private sector. b. Unlimited access to natural resources is the key to business growth. c. Wilderness areas and their resources should be protected for the public good. d. Decisions about the use of natural resources should be left to the states. 10. An important political aim of the Progressive movement was to a. guarantee government jobs for the unemployed b. stimulate democratic reforms such as the initiative and the referendum c. create a unicameral national legislature d. increase the participation of African Americans in the Federal Government 11. A main purpose of President Theodore Roosevelt s trustbusting policies was to a. reduce corruption in government b. save the nation s banks c. encourage competition in business d. end strikes by labor unions 12. In the early 20th century, muckrakers were able to influence American society mainly through their a. frequent acts of civil disobedience b. activities as government officials c. publication of articles and books d. control over factories 13. The initiative, referendum, recall, and direct primary are all intended to a. make the President more responsive to the wishes of Congress b. reduce the influence of the media on elections c. give political parties more control of the electoral process d. increase participation in government by citizens 14. Which event of the early 1900 s is evidence that Upton Sinclair s novel The Jungle had an important impact on the United States? a. adoption of reforms in public education b. passage of legislation limiting immigration c. adoption of the 18th amendment establishing Prohibition d. passage of legislation requiring Federal inspection of meat 15. Read the titles below to answer the question: How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis (1890) The Jungle, Upton Sinclair (1906) The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck (1939) Unsafe at Any Speed, Ralph Nader (1965) What has been the impact of these authors and their books on American society? a. Most Americans have developed a preference for escapist and romantic literature. b. Most American authors have adopted a conservative viewpoint c. American business has corrected poor conditions quickly. d. These works have had significant influence on social, political, and economic reforms. 16. Which leader founded a vocational training institution in the late 1800s to improve economic opportunities for African Americans? a. George Washington Carver c. W. E. B. Du Bois b. Frederick Douglass d. Booker T. Washington
(SSUSH 11, 12: Industrial Growth; Gilded Age) 17. From 1865 to 1900, how did the growth of industry affect American society? a. The United States experienced the disappearance of the traditional b. Population centers shifted from the Northeast to the South c. Restrictions on immigration created a more homogeneous culture. d. The percentage of Americans living in urban areas increased. 18. The intent of the United States immigration laws of the late 1800s and early 1900s was to a. increase economic opportunities for recent immigrants b. encourage cultural diversity c. restore an open-door policy toward immigration d. restrict immigration through the use of quotas 19. After the Civil War, one way business leaders tried to eliminate competition was by a. forming monopolies or trusts b. developing overseas markets c. increasing the prices of their products d. paying high wages to their workers 20. Which factor most limited the growth of labor unions during the late 1800 s? a. Most employers were very hostile toward workers efforts to organize. b. Most factory workers were satisfied with their wages and working conditions. c. The Federal Government declared that unions were illegal. d. Workers preferred to negotiate with factory owners as individuals rather than as members of a group. 21. Nativism in the late 19th century was motivated primarily by a. hostility toward immigrant workers b. the need to reduce overcrowding in western states c. cultural conflicts with Native American Indians d. the migration of African Americans to northern cities 22. In the United States, the main purpose of antitrust legislation is to a. protect the environment b. increase competition in business c. encourage the growth of monopolies d. strengthen the rights of workers 23. The intent of the United States immigration laws of the late 1800s and early 1900s was to a. increase economic opportunities for recent immigrants b. encourage cultural diversity c. restore an open-door policy toward immigration d. restrict immigration through the use of quotas (SSUSH 10: Reconstruction) 24. In their plans for Reconstruction, both President Abraham Lincoln and President Andrew Johnson sought to a. punish the South for starting the Civil War b. force the Southern States to pay reparations to the Federal Government c. allow the Southern States to reenter the nation as quickly as possible d. establish the Republican Party as the only political party in the South 25. Which newspaper headline would have appeared during the Reconstruction Period after the Civil War? a. Jim Crow Laws End b. Former Slaves Made Citizens c. Supreme Court Issues Dred Scott Decision d. Emancipation Proclamation Issued 26. The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the
a. Compromise of 1850 b. Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 c. creation of the Freedmen s Bureau in 1865 d. ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865 27. The Jim Crow laws of the post-civil War Era were attempts by a. the Federal Government to improve the status of African Americans and Native American Indians b. state and local governments to restrict the freedoms of African Americans c. states to ban organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan d. the Radical Republicans in Congress to carry out Reconstruction plans 28. The underlying reason for the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson was 1. the Credit Mobilier scandal 2. a power struggle with Congress over Reconstruction 3. his refusal to appoint new justices to the Supreme Court 4. his policies toward Native American Indians (SSUSH 9, 10: Civil War) 29. Sectional differences developed in the United States largely because a. the Federal Government adopted a policy of neutrality b. economic conditions and interests in each region varied c. only northerners were represented at the Constitutional Convention d. early Presidents favored urban areas over rural areas 30. According to the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, whether a state was free or slave would be determined by a. whether it was located in the North or South b. popular sovereignty in said territories c. a majority vote in the U.S. Congress d. by a ruling made by the Supreme Court 31. "Jacksonian Democracy" is associated with which of these characteristics? A. Voting rights for all people in the United States B. Voting rights extended to adult, white males who did not own property C. a nation governed by upper and middle class educated property owners D. laws promising full political equality regardless of race, sex, or wealth 32. Sectional differences developed in the United States largely because A. the Federal Government adopted a policy of neutrality B. economic conditions and interests in each region varied C. only northerners were represented at the Constitutional Convention D. early Presidents favored urban areas over rural areas (SSUSH 6, 7: New Republic) 33. Which of the following was the foremost reason for the War of 1812? a. the quest for westward expansion beyond the Mississippi River b. the British policy of impressment of U.S. sailors into the British navy c. the establishment of a representative government in America d. the French fur trade in Canada and in western United States 34. Which of the following lists presents the proper chronological order in which the U.S. expanded? a. Mexican Cession, Florida Acquisition, Louisiana Purchase, Texas Annexation b. Louisiana Purchase, Texas Annexation, Mexican Cession, Florida Acquisition c. Louisiana Purchase, Florida Acquisition, Texas Annexation, Mexican Cession 35. A lasting impact of the United States Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall is that the Court s decisions a. extended the Bill of Rights to enslaved persons
b. expanded the power of the Federal Government c. restricted the authority of Congress d. promoted the views of the President 36. Adherence to a strict interpretation of the Constitution would have prevented President Thomas Jefferson from a. making the Louisiana Purchase b. writing State of the Union messages c. receiving ambassadors ncommissioning military officers d. Florida Acquisition, Mexican Cession, Texas Annexation, Louisiana Purchase (SSUSH 5: The Constitution) 37. A lasting impact of the United States Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall is that the Court s decisions a. extended the Bill of Rights to enslaved persons b. expanded the power of the Federal Government c. restricted the authority of Congress d. promoted the views of the President 38. In the 1780 s, many Americans distrusted a strong central government. This distrust is best shown by the a. lack of debate over the ratification of the United States Constitution b. plan of government set up by the Articles of Confederation c. development of a Federal court system d. constitutional provision for a strong President (SSUSH 4, 3, 2, 1: Colonization through the American Revolution) 39. The British system of mercantilism was opposed by many American colonists because it a. placed quotas on immigration b. discouraged the export of raw materials to England c. placed restrictions on trading d. encouraged colonial manufacturing 40. In the United States, regional differences in economic development are primarily due to a. settlement patterns of immigrant groups b. pressure from various religious groups c. state and federal election laws d. geographic factors in various parts of the nation 41. Which of the following was a reason for the early problems that confronted the Jamestown colony? a. The colony was kept in a constant state of chaos due to the tyrannical rule of John Smith b. Nomadic tribes had virtually wiped out the supply of game in the area c. A severe drought made it difficult for the settlers to cultivate crops d. The early colonists had to contend with the hostility of nearby Indians 42. How was the settlement of Virginia different from the settlement of Massachusetts? a. Massachusetts was created as a haven for New England Quakers from England b. Virginia was settled primarily for economic reasons rather than to escape religious persecution by English colonists c. Virginia was created as a haven for Native Americans to escape religious persecution d. Massachusetts was settled primarily for economic reasons rather than to escape religious persecution 43. All of the following describe Jamestown EXCEPT: a. Its colonial government held the Salem Witch Trials b. It was established in 1607 to find gold c. Tobacco was developed as a cash crop d. It was the first permanent British colony 44. In the Colonial Era, developments such as the New England town meetings and the establishment of the Virginia House of Burgesses represented a. colonial attempts to build a strong national government
b. efforts by the British to strengthen their control over the colonies c. steps in the growth of representative democracy d. early social reform movements 45. Which of the following is true of Bacon s rebellion? a. The rebellion was an attempt by Nathaniel Bacon and his followers to force the Virginia government to compensate the Susquehannocks for lost tribal lands b. The rebellion was a clash of personalities between Nathaniel Bacon and Governor William Berkeley c. The rebellion involved inland planters frustrated by angry natives, infertile soil, and high taxes d. The rebellion allowed the Piedmont planters to permanently gain control over the colonial government of Virginia 46. Why, beginning in the mid-1600s, did Chesapeake planters begin to purchase more African slaves? a. They could no longer obtain an adequate supply of white indentured servants. b. The price of slaves dropped as more and more were imported from Africa c. It became clear that Native Americans could not be used successfully as slaves d. It became necessary for white indentured servants to serve in the militia to defend against Indian attacks