M.INAYA Division of Nature and Culture based tourism, Faculty of Urban Environmental Studies, Tokyo Metropolitan University
Contents Class Dormitory Cultural Exchange Travel Food
Class
My Time Table in UTM Sun 8:00~ 8:50 9:00~ 9:50 Transportation Planning 10:00 ~ 10:50 11:00 ~ 11:50 12:00 ~ 12:50 13:00 ~ 13:50 L U N C H 14:00 ~ 14:50 15:00 ~ 15:50 Mon Day Off Day Off Tue Wed Tourism Planning 1 Environmental Planning Workshop T I M E 16:00 ~ 16:50 Land Use Planning Thu Day off Day off Weekend : Friday/Saturday Classes are sometimes canceled and replaced...
Transportation Planning Basic Lecture (Key words) Sustainable Transport System Concept of Trip and Trip Types TDM (Travel Demand Management) and TSM (Transportation System Management) DAP (Demand Assessment Planning) Evaluation Assignment (3000~5000words) Quiz (twice or three times..) Group Project (including presentation and report) Final Exam (3hours)
Environmental Planning Workshop Basic Lecture Lecturer do not speak a lot in this class. He advises students about how to analyze and what to focus on. Group Project Presentation (twice) Report (twice)
Not to scale Site Boundary It is about 90% secure for residents safety of criminal. Cost of Components Per Year (RM) Perimeter Fence 5000mxRM500/m 2,500,000.00 Gate 1 100,000.00 Annual Maintenance 10,000.00 (RM) Year Benefit Cost Disc Benefit Disc Cost NPV 0 0.00 1,000,000 0.00 1,000,000.00-1,000,000.00 1 0.00 500,000 0.00 480,769.23-480,769.23 2 0.00 500,000 0.00 462,278.11-462,278.11 3 0.00 400,000 0.00 355,598.54-355,598.54 4 0.00 200,000 0.00 170,960.84-170,960.84 5 74,285.71 10,000 61,057.44 8,219.27 52,838.17 6 74,285.71 10,000 58,709.08 7,903.15 50,805.93 7 74,285.71 10,000 56,451.04 7,599.18 48,851.86 8 74,285.71 10,000 54,279.84 7,306.90 46,972.94 9 74,285.71 10,000 52,192.16 7,025.87 45,166.29 10 74,285.71 10,000 50,184.77 6,755.64 43,429.13 11 74,285.71 10,000 48,254.58 6,495.81 41,758.77 12 74,285.71 10,000 46,398.64 6,245.97 40,152.67 13 74,285.71 10,000 44,614.07 6,005.74 38,608.33 14 74,285.71 10,000 42,898.15 5,774.75 37,123.40 15 74,285.71 10,000 41,248.22 5,552.65 35,695.58 556,287.99 2,544,491.64 (RM) B/C: 0.22-1988203.65 Disc Factor= 0.04 NPV: (1,941,532.08) It is about 80% secure for residents safety of criminal. Cost of Components Per Year (RM) 4 guards/rm3000/month 144,000.00 Uniform/Security App 20,000.00 Contingent cost 5,000.00 Total 169,000.00 (RM) Year Benefit Cost Disc Benefit Disc Cost NPV 0 0.00 20,000 0.00 20,000.00-20,000.00 1 0.00 149,000 0.00 143,269.23-143,269.23 2 0.00 149,000 0.00 137,758.88-137,758.88 3 0.00 149,000 0.00 132,460.46-132,460.46 4 0.00 149,000 0.00 127,365.82-127,365.82 5 74,285.71 149,000 61,057.44 122,467.14-61,409.70 6 74,285.71 149,000 58,709.08 117,756.86-59,047.79 7 74,285.71 149,000 56,451.04 113,227.75-56,776.72 8 74,285.71 149,000 54,279.84 108,872.84-54,593.00 9 74,285.71 149,000 52,192.16 104,685.42-52,493.27 10 74,285.71 149,000 50,184.77 100,659.06-50,474.29 11 74,285.71 149,000 48,254.58 96,787.56-48,532.98 12 74,285.71 149,000 46,398.64 93,064.96-46,666.32 13 74,285.71 149,000 44,614.07 89,485.54-44,871.46 14 74,285.71 149,000 42,898.15 86,043.79-43,145.64 15 74,285.71 149,000 41,248.22 82,734.41-41,486.19 556,287.99 1,676,639.73 (RM) B/C: 0.33-1120351.73 Disc Factor= 0.04 NPV: (863,927.54) PLANNING CONSULTANT Scheme of the class CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (CPTED) IN TAMAN UNIVERSITI JOHOR BAHRU WHAT IS CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (CPTED)? The approach of the appropriate design and effective use in man-made environment able reduce the fear and crime rate in order to improve the quality of life. (Crowe, 2000) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES Several objectives have been determined to guide through the whole study process. The objectives of this study are as following: 1. To identify current criminal situation based on the demographic of site area. DATA ANALYSIS Personal Profile Personal profile s characteristics of respondents who were selected in the study area were descripted first. As table below, personal profile variables included gender, age group, family size, education level, working household status, household income, employment sector and housing information in Taman Universiti. Based on the survey of the area, majority of respondents age are included in 25 34 age group with 35% and followed by age group with 35 44 (25%). The minority group is 55 64 (10%). The rest of age Factor of Criminal Safety Almost all resident are knowing neighbours and visiting neighbours several time per month. This situation was illustrate even strong social level of residents among each others, criminal case did not effected directly. This is because the local people were neglecting any activities which happening around their homes as the culture of Malaysian. Majority of respondent think that the main cause of criminal case is lack of surveillance. This factor could be complex landscaping and INTRODUCTION 2. To identify factors that influence safety of residents on identified site area. 3. To recommend practical and applicable ways for groups are below 25 and 45 54 with 15% for each group. This may related with the length of residency which majority of respondents stay at the study area between 1 5 years with 45% of 20 respondents. Percentage ( %) Number improper design of housing layout which block the eye view of residents toward surrounding environment. Gender VS Social Interaction In the general, anyone can simply suggest that crime is something that is against the law (UBC Press, 2004). Crime defined as what the society considers as harmful behaviour and action in the written law (Tappan, 1947). Besides harmful actions, destruction of property and the denial of respect to people and institutions also considered as crime (Wayne Morrison, 1995). Crime is the potential risks that will be happen to all of us in any part of the city. Human behaviour looks as the main factor for the happening of criminal cases. In Paul etc al. (2005), Brantingham and Brantingham (1991) state that there are four aspects to cause crime include the law, the offender, the target and the location. There should have some kind of strategies to prevent crime cases for the dimension of the location. Thus, urban surrounding environment can defined as the key aspect to influence human behavior and action for the motif of criminal. reducing criminal rate to the residential area. METHODOLOGY Data Collection: Questionnaires survey has been carried Face to face interviews Twenty respondents selected randomly Respondent: Head of households/ Main income earner Analysis Method: Application of Microsoft Excel Gender Male 55 11 Female 45 9 Age Group < 25 15 3 25-34 35 7 35-44 25 5 45-54 15 3 55-64 10 2 Family Size 1-3 persons 20 4 4-6 persons 70 14 7-10 persons 10 2 Educational Level None 5 1 High school 60 12 College 30 6 Bachelor Degree 5 1 Working Households Status Work 75 15 None 25 5 Monthly Family Income (RM) Below 1000 10 2 1000-2000 20 4 2001-3000 35 7 3001-4000 25 5 4001 Above 10 2 Employment sector Employed Own Business 5 1 Retired Group 5 1 Employed 65 13 Unemployed 15 3 Others 10 2 Housing Information Owned 70 14 Rent 30 6 Half of respondent did not have no idea for pay to reduce crimes. They may pay for it if crime prevention strategies proposed. However, 45% of resident were disagree with this statement. The main reason is most of them are low income group which household income less than RM3000. In U.S., a study of the year of 2002 has shown the typical household would be willing to pay between $100 and $150 per year for crime prevention programs due to higher number of crimes happen compared to Malaysia. Income level of US resident were higher than Malaysia. Due to the situation of crime, urban planners and other design professionals should take into consideration the surrounding environment in order to reduce or enhance crime Descriptive Analysis Correlation of Variables (3 tables) Safety Level and Crime Experience rates. The design of buildings and the arrangement of streets, public facilities and other outdoor spaces can affect the opportunity of crime and the level of fear of crime. Thus, one of crime reduction method is Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED). It is believe that higher quality physical design elements can assist the specific areas to decrease the percentage of crime from happening. Nowadays, we can expect to the concept of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) for the urban development and management practices whether in local or district context. Cost and Benefit Analysis LITERATURE REVIEW Most of residents voice out with fairly safe for their living place as shown by 50% positive response. This statement might lead by the lower income of families and neighbours who do not have any experience of crime victim in the study area as they do not have much cash, expensive and luxurious items. Moreover, low residence years of residents may contribute to response fairly safe and do not know for their housing area. The possible factor is short living time in the study area make them unfamiliar with current conditions and situations of the neighborhood area. There was about 90% of the respondents feel worry during the night period as possible crime happened. This is because most of the crime happened during the night time when is lack of surveillance from neighbours. Exactly Existing Crime Prevention Ways Most of residents voice out the opinion that existing neighborhood sufficient to prevent the crime as shown with 75% agree. This statement might lead by the highest satisfaction of local people for crime prevention hardscape and surrounding environment. Another problem may be lack of CPTED knowledge among them due to their educational background of high school and below. Most of respondent (25.6%) had choose surveillance as the element to be prioritized for crime prevention which related to the problem of poor surveillance in their area. Household Monthly Income (RM) VS Likely to Pay for the Reduction of Crime Problems CPTED correlates crime with road layouts and land uses in 70% of resident responded that none of police patrol in their living Site Visit (Questionnaire) cities and make the public safety of cities. Therefore, we need to think about crime prevention based on CPTED toward existing neighborhood areas. PROBLEM STATEMENT Crime is a social problem commanding national attention. The number of total crimes is 1.67 million in 2002 and the total amount is increasing now. According to a figure, the index of crime in the nation of Malaysia was increasing 13.4% and the crime rate rise 8.7% between 2006 and 2007 (CPPS, 2007 in Muhammad Abdul Mohit et al., 2010. The crime rate was increasing annually in the Basic CPTED Design location. There was 40% local people select house break in as the type of main common crime which prove that offender try to enter residents property for stealing items. Street or road is the major location of crimes happening through 50% choice of them. The reason is street as accessible location for stranger to enter freely anytime. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendations has been made for contribute to the crime nation among these 20 years adjacent to the urbanisation rate. The prevention environment which are neighborhood guard and fencing. statement even supported by Amar Singh Sidhu (2006) who said Cost and Benefit Analysis (CBA) used as the method to calculate the that the crime index of Malaysia will rise to 208076 cases in the year feasibility of two alternative as below. For CBA, the formula of two of 2015 as the nation population increase at the rate of 2.6 percent criteria of Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit to Cost Ratio (BCR) annually illustrated in his figure. This figure makes a lot of fear and illustrated as below: Analysis Presentation anxiety to the community that taking the attention of Malaysian. Based on the survey that has been conducted by Numbeo (2015), the crime rate for Johor Bahru are 71.58 in middle of 2015 increasing from 69.81 in the early 2015. The current ranking for Johor Bahru in Asia is at the sixth place. This can affect the economy growth for Johor Bahru especially when the investors or the potential buyers want to invest in the new development. They will feel unsecured when they want to buy an asset in the place that has high crime rate. In Malaysia, there was about 90% cases of crimes are property crimes which mainly happened in residential areas (Sidhu, 2005 in Muhammad Abdul Mohit et al., 2010). Crime of housing area has become the truth as well as the issue of local and nation level. Fear of crime has become more worse and worries for those live in low density neighbourhood area. Urban sprawl is contributing to the criminal problems because most of new residential located out of police patron coverage area. STUDY AREA The study area will be Taman Universiti which is the neighbourhood area in Johor Bahru district. Taman Universiti s location is one of the township s strong assets as it is situated about 20 km from Johor Bahru City and only 2 km from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia's Skudai campus. Present population of Taman Universiti has reached more than 60,000. The study area focus on internal residential area as map below. EXISTING CONDITION Goods Natural Access Control Only two entrance for the flat area. Access Control and Surveillance Bads Poor Surveillance Complex shrub and bushes Offender can hide inside it Not allocate living lots at ground floor Side parking lots designed Layout design of building form is grid iron Length of Residence (Years) VS Safety Level of Living Place For surveillance element, 85% local people had agree it for the crime reduction. The possible problem could be high density of shrubs and walls that cause the people unable to look through surrounding environment. There were about 45% residents think that access control is not a good way to prevent crime because of making inconvenience for them. Nearly all respondent agreed with territorial reinforcement because poor design of gate and fencing facilities lead to the attraction of intruder. Sixth-five percent of local resident felt that strong management and maintenance level is important of crime reduction especially the spoil of street light may cause their area become danger for crimes. Majority of respondent (85%) had believe residents activities can reduce the crime problems which is opposite with high privacy for them. Most of them (80%) agreed for other CPTED elements especially community patrol which is inactive currently. It is assume that the crime cases happened as below: Benefits Components RM Burglar 3 times in 5 year, RM 100000 60,000.00 Car stolen 2 times in 7 year, RM 50000 14,285.71 Total 74,285.71 Alternative 1 : Fencing (Maintenance) Alternative 2 : Neighbourhood Guard (Management) Report RESEARCH QUESTIONS Based on the back ground of the study, some research questions have be raised to facilitate this study. The research questions are as following: 1. What are criminal experience and safety level of residents based on the demographic of site area? Lack of Access Control Maintenance and Management No streets lights lead to unsafe condition Unable view clearly at night Motorbike accessible Outsiders may enter housing areas freely 2. What are factors that influence safety of residents on identified site area? 3. What are recommendations for reducing criminal rate in As the result, recommended strategies of fencing and neighborhood guard unable to cope with the loss of criminal cases which make these projects facing economic loss situation. The reason the aspect of environmental design? could be the number of criminal case still lower than the demand of proposed strategies in the economic perspective. GROUP MEMBER: Masato Inaya JB X15BE3003 Sebastian Thoo Zuen Hern A12BE0147 Muhamad Syafik Bin Abdullah Taha C14BE0008 Muhammad Nur Syollehin Bin Abdul Rahim A12BE0129 SUPERVISORS: Dr. Ariva Sugandi Permana Dr. Irina Safitri Zen SBEP 3642 ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING WORKSHOP i
Dormitory KTGB KRP
Location
KTGB
KRP (Guest House)
Cultural Exchange
With Indonesian Students
With European Students
With Everyone (including our buddy) Basketball Volleyball
Travel
Places I visited Penang Domestic International Laos Vietnam KL Malacca Singapore Sarawak Brunei Saba Johor
Malacca One- Day Trip for only exchange students
Kuala Lumpur
Johor
Singapore
Penang
Vietnam (Hanoi & Ho Chi Minh)
Sabah
Sarawak
Brunei
Laos (Vientiane & Luangprabang)
Food
Local Foods
Everyday Foods
Japanese Foods
What I felt during study abroad Japan is very good country We have to learn English harder We should export our technology to the world, especially South- East Asia I had interest to work overseas in the future I recommend all of students to study abroad
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