Australia and the European Superpower

Australia and the European Superpower

In memoriam. I dedicate this book to the memory of my father, Ted Murray, with love. Go raibh míle maith agat.

Australia and the European Superpower Engaging with the European Union Philomena Murray

MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY PRESS An imprint of Melbourne University Publishing Ltd 187 Grattan Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia mup-info@unimelb.edu.au www.mup.com.au First published 2005 Text Philomena B. Murray Design and typography Melbourne University Publishing Ltd 2005 This publication is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means or process whatsoever without the prior written permission of the publishers. Cover design by Guy Holt Typeset in Utopia by J&M Typesetting Printed in Australia by University of Melbourne Design & Print Centre National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Murray, Philomena. Australia and the European superpower : engaging with the European Union. Bibliography. Includes index. ISBN 0 522 85180 0. (paperback) ISBN 0 522 85181 9. (e-book) 1. European Union - Australia. I. Title. 337.9404

Contents Abbreviations Acknowledgements viii x Introduction 1 1. Australia and Europe: The Burden of Memory 5 2. Australia s New Relationship with Europe: Close Encounters with a Twenty-first-century Superpower 40 3. The Aussie Battler and the European Superpower I: Agricultural Conflict 98 4. The Aussie Battler and the European Superpower II: The Framework Agreement and Kyoto 135 5. Colliding Continents: Mutual Misunderstandings 161 6. New Agendas for Dialogue 191 7. The Future Seeking Engagement or Shadow-boxing? 239 Appendices 272 Select Bibliography 334 Index 357 vii

Abbreviations ACCC Australian Competition and Consumer Commission ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific States ANI Advancing the National Interest White Paper APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ARF ASEAN Regional Forum ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations ASEM Asia Europe Meeting ASiE Australians Study in Europe BSE/CJD Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy/Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease CAP Common Agricultural Policy CAPUK Common Agricultural Policy United Kingdom CCP Common Commercial Policy CCT Common Customs Tariff CEC Commission of the European Communities CERC Contemporary Europe Research Centre CESAA The Contemporary European Studies Association of Australia CET Common External Tariff Cotonou Cotonou Agreement with ACP states DEST Department of Education, Science and Training DFAT Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade DPRK Democratic People s Republic of Korea EAAPN Europe Australia Asia Pacific Nexus EAEC European Atomic Energy Community, Euratom ECJ Court of Justice of the European Communities (European Court of Justice) EEC European Economic Community EFTA European Free Trade Association EMU Economic and Monetary Union ETMs Elaborately Transformed Manufactures EU European Union EU25 European Union of 25 member states Euratom European Atomic Energy Community, EAEC Euro European single currency viii

Europol European Police Office FEAST Forum for European Australian Science and Technology Cooperation FP Framework Programme FTA Free Trade Agreement GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GDP Gross domestic product GI geographical indication INI In the National Interest White Paper NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary STMs Simply Transformed Manufactures UN United Nations UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change WTO World Trade Organization ix

Acknowledgements The last book written about the EU Australia relationship was in 1976. At times, it seemed like it would remain just that! There have been obstacles along the way. It also became a larger and more exciting task than originally anticipated. Throughout it all, my husband John and son Stephen were the central point of my life and taught me the real meaning of Australia Europe relations. My parents, Ted and Phyllis, were my mainstay, teaching me the essence of love, along with my siblings Frank, Gabrielle, Paula and Antonia. I extend my gratitude and appreciation to the two Australian Research Council (ARC) Project research assistants Dr Carolyn O Brien and Dr Annmarie Elijah. The supportive role of research assistants Adam Berryman, Dora Horvath, Karen Hussey, Fiona Machin, Katrina Stats, and Tony Wilson is gratefully acknowledged. I am grateful to the colleagues with whom I discussed aspects of this project over the years: Michael Longo, Leslie Holmes, Brian Galligan and Derek McDougall. I would like to express my appreciation to the many officials interviewed over several years in Brussels and Canberra. I thank the staff of the European Commission in Brussels for their openness to my questions. The staff of the European Commission Delegation in Canberra provided background and information and my special thanks go to Lynne Hunter, Tracy Dennis and Ingrid Kropman. The staff of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in Canberra and in the Embassy in Brussels have always been very approachable and I thank them for this. I am grateful to the ARC for a research grant to carry out this project and to the University of Melbourne for the recent opportunity to take sabbatical leave. The staff of Melbourne University Publishing have been helpful and gracious every step of the way. All errors are, of course, mine.

Minerva Access is the Institutional Repository of The University of Melbourne Author/s: MURRAY, PHILOMENA Title: Australia and the European Superpower: Engaging with the European Union Date: 2005 Citation: Murray, Assoc Prof Philomena (2005) Australia and the European Superpower: Engaging with the European Union, Melbourne University Press. Publication Status: Published Persistent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/34245 File Description: Australia and the European Superpower: Engaging with the European Union Terms and Conditions: Terms and Conditions: Copyright in works deposited in Minerva Access is retained by the copyright owner. The work may not be altered without permission from the copyright owner. Readers may only download, print and save electronic copies of whole works for their own personal non-commercial use. Any use that exceeds these limits requires permission from the copyright owner. Attribution is essential when quoting or paraphrasing from these works.