CENTER FOR EAST EUROPEAN AND ASIAN STUDIES (CEEAS) EASTERN PARTNERSHIP: THE ROAD SO FAR Mihail E. Ionescu (ed.) (#l MILITARY PUBLISHING HOUSE BUCHAREST, 2013
CONTENTS Abbreviations 11 Introduction - Dr. Mihail E. Ionescu 13 PART ONE - The EaP Road So Far The Eastern Partnership: a tool to involve the Citizens, build democracy and provide security - Mihaela-Adriana Pädureanu 23 1. Introduction 23 1.1. Research design 23 1.2. Methodology 23 1.3 The institutionellframework 24 2. EaP Platforms 1 and 4 28 2.1. Platform 1 - Democracy, stability and good governance 28 2.2. Implementingplatform 1 33 2.1.1. Armenia 33 2.2.2. Azerbaijan 37 2.2.3. Belarus 38 2.2.4. Georgia 41 2.2.5. Republic of Moldova 45 2.2.6. Ukraine 47 2.3. Platform 4 - People to people contacts 53 2.4. Implementing the platform 57 2.4.1. Armenia 57 2.4.2. Azerbaijan 59 2.4.3. Belarus 60 2.4.4. Georgia 62 2.4.5. Republic of Moldova 63 2.4.6. Ukraine 65 3. Conclusions 66 The Eastern Partnership - Platform 2: Economic Integration and Convergence with EU Policies - Mihai-Bogdan Popescu 73 1. Introduction 73 2. Ukraine 76 3. Moldova 79 4. The South Caucasus countries 81 4.1. Armenia 82 4.2. Azerbaijan 85 4.3. Georgia 86 4.4. Belarus 89
6 CENTER FOR EAST EUROPEAN AND ASIAN STUDIES 5. Conclusions 90 The Eastern Partnership: Platform 3 - The Energy Security and the Eastern Partnership - Angela Grämadä 94 1. Introduction 94 2. The issue of energetic security and Eastern Partnership 95 3. Why Does the EU Need an Energy Platform in the Eastern Partnership Framework?... 98 4. Evaluating Energy Security Needs of the Eastern Partnership's Member States 100 4.1.Armeni a 101 4.2. Azerbaijan 105 4.3. Belarus 109 4.4. Georgia 112 4.5. The Republic of Moldova 114 4.6. Ukraine 120 5. Conclusions 126 The Eastern Partnership's ßoad So Far: An Assessment of the EaP Multilateral Track's Performance - Dr. Simona R. Soare 132 1. Introduction 133 2. Research design 135 3. The Development of the EaP's multilateral track 136 4. The assessment of the EaP multilateral track's Performance 147 4.1. Economic challenges that obstruct the EaP's Performance 152 4.2. Institutional challenges that obstruct the EaP's Performance 179 4.3. Regional competition, rival integration models obstructing EaP Performance 188 5. Conclusions 191 PART TWO - A Regional View of EaP Introductory remarks - H.E., Jiri Sitler, Ambassador ofthe Czech Republic to Romania 201 Introductory remarks -H.E. Iurie Renitä, Ambassador of the Republic of Moldova to Romania 203 Introductory remarks - H.E. Ilya Giorgadze, Ambassador of Georgia to Romania 205 Introductory remarks - H.E. Teofil Bauer, Ambassador of Ukraine to Romania 208 Introductory remarks - Mrs. Magdalena Bogdziewicz, Charge d'affairs, Embassy of the Republic of Poland to Romania 212 Introductory remarks - Alexei Babenko, 1" Secretary of the Russian Federation Embassy to Romania 215 The Eastern Partnership: challenges and opportunities for regional Cooperation in the South Caucasus - Mikayel Avetisyan 216
EASTERN PARTNERSHIP: THE ROAD SO FAR 7 The Role of Georgia in the EU-funded Programme for the Prevention, Preparedness and Response to Man-made and Natural Disasters in the ENPI East Region - Dr. Nika Chitadze... 222 1. Introduction 222 2. PPRD program Objectives 223 3. Program Purposes 224 4. Georgia: one of the active members in PPRD 224 4.1. Risk types in Georgia. General overview 224 4.2. The Role ofthe Civil Society of Georgia in increasing public awareness on the EU, the Eastern Partnership and PPRD 226 4.3. Project (EU Studies) overview 227 4.4. Goal ofthe project 228 4.5. Expected results 229 5. Sharing the EU member states' experience and Establishing a Crisis Management System in Georgia 230 S, 1. Current Realities (including criteria)for Institutional Arrangement 230 6. Conclusions 231 Institutional Incentives in Structuring Ethnic Conflict Resolution - Dr. Irina Khmelko and Dr. Krista E. Wiegand 236 1. Ethnic Conflict and Territorial Separatist Movements 237 1.2. Cultural Legacies ofthe Past or Institutions? 239 1.3. Democratic Institutional Mechanisms and Nonviolent Conflict Resolution 241 1.4. Methodology 243 2. Rindings and Analysis 244 3. Conclusions 247 Institution Building in the EAP countries: A Structure vs. Process Analysis - Dr. Simona R. Soare 253 1. Introduction 253 2. Research design 254 3. An assessment of EaP Performance in the iield of civil crisis management 257 3.1. Armenia 257 3.2. Azerbaijan 261 3.3. Georgia 264 3.4. The Republic of Moldova 267 3.5. Ukraine 269 4. Conclusions 275 The effectiveness of Eastern Partnership on the Ukrainian Dimension - Olena Snigyr 280
CENTER FOR EAST EUROPEAN AND ASIAN STUDIES The economic crisis and its impact on the European Integration process in the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine - Angela Grämadä 287 Energy Security in Central and Eastern Europe The Southern Gas Corridor and Its Prospects - Dr. Radu Dudäu 297 1. Introduction 297 2. The Southern Gas Corridor: economic and policy background 298 3. Nabucco and the Southern Gas Corridor 301 4. TANAP, TAP and Nabucco West 303 5. South Stream 306 6. Conclusion 309 The Eastern Partnership Roadmap 2012-2013 versus the European Enlargement Strategy: Main Objectives and Challenges - Agnes Nicolescu 311 1. Introduction 311 2. Russia's role in the shared neighborhood 314 3. Challenges for the EU in giving more substance to the Eastern Partnership 315 4. Economic conditionality between Russia and the EU 317 5. The EU and Russia's modernization agenda 318 6. Russia's rising profile inside the BRIC Group 319 7. Conclusions 321 Promoting Civil Society in the Eastern Partnership: The case of Belarus - Ryhor Nizhnikau 324 1. Introduction 324 2. Civil society in democracy promotion 327 3. Socialization as an Instrument of norm promotion 330 4. Linkage and Leverage in Belarus 332 5. Increasing linkage and empowering civil society? 334 5.1. Civil Society in the framework ofeap 334 5.2. Civil society in the Eastern Partnership 335 5.3. National platform of the EaP 336 6. Conclusion 337 The Legitimization of new institutions in the Eastern Partnership: The role of an empowered civil society - Mihaela Adriana Pädureanu 341 1. Collected data - the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine 346 1.1. Republic of Moldova 346 1.2. Ukraine 347 2. Conclusions 348 Integrated Border Security Aspects: Bulgarian Academic Experience and Development Perspectives - Dr. Zlatagor Minchev 350 1. Introduction 350 2. Methodology & Software Implementation 351
EASTERN PARTNERSHIP: THE ROAD SO FAR 9 3. Generalized border security model 352 4. National academic activities related to model identified potential gaps 354 5. Conclusions 357 Securing the EU's eastern neighbors' borders against non-conventional risks: Role of the Eastern Partnership - Dr. erban Filip Cioculescu. 360 1. The border between Moldova and Ukraine 363 2. Border between Armenia and Georgia 367 CONCLUSIONS - Dr. Mihail E. lonescu 370 Index 375