DIVERSITY IN SASKATCHEWAN Prepared for the: Saskatchewan Cooperative Association January 2016 Doug Elliott Sask Trends Monitor 444 19th Avenue Regina, Saskatchewan S4N 1H1 306-522-5515 sasktrends@sasktel.net www.sasktrends.ca
OUTLINE FOUR MEASURES OF DIVERSITY There are four separate but overlapping groups of Saskatchewan residents who are described in this material. Recent Immigrants Members of a Visible Minority Group Aboriginal People Non-English Speakers January 2016 2
DATA SOURCES AND NOTES This material was prepared by Doug Elliott from QED Information Systems Inc., a Regina based consulting firm and the publisher of Sask Trends Monitor. Unless otherwise indicated, these data are from Statistics Canada but the estimates and projections are the responsibility of Sask Trends Monitor. The data are current as of January 2016. Some figures may be revised in future releases. When the statistics refer to urban centres, the residents of the surrounding bedroom communities are included. For example, residents of Lumsden and Balgonie are included in the Regina figures; residents of Martensville and Warman are included in the Saskatoon figures. The data from the 2011 census are from the voluntary long form (called the National Household Survey or NHS). There is some concern about the validity of these estimates because of the voluntary nature of the survey. The statistics from the 2001 and 2006 census will be more reliable. January 2016 3
RECENT IMMIGRANTS The foreign-born who have lived in Canada for less than five years.
RECENT IMMIGRANTS, CHANGES OVER TIME 30,000 25,000 Number of Recent Immigrants (in Canada less than five years), Saskatchewan Immigrants are those who were born outside Canada but have been granted the right to stay in Canada by immigration authorities. Recent immigrants came to Canada in the last five years. 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 1996 2001 2006 2011 The figures exclude nonpermanent residents such as temporary foreign workers, refugee claimants, and foreign students. The number of immigrants coming to Saskatchewan has increased dramatically in recent years. (The figures will have increased even more since 2011.) As a percentage of the population, recent immigrants now represent 2.7% of Saskatchewan residents compared with 0.8% in 2006. January 2016 5
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN FOR RECENT IMMIGRANTS, 2011 Philippines China Country of Origin for Recent Immigrants, Saskatchewan, 2011 1,755 10,090 Among the nearly 27,000 recent immigrants living in Saskatchewan in 2011, almost one-half were from the Philippines. India Ukraine United Kingdom Pakistan USA Burma (Myanmar) South Korea Viet Nam Iraq Russia Colombia 1,415 1,085 1,050 800 700 635 560 430 425 400 385 After that, there is a wide variety of countries of birth with China and India being the most common. All others 7,195 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 January 2016 6
INTERPROVINCIAL COMPARISON, 2011 Man B.C. Recent Immigrants by Province, 2011 4.3% 4.9% In spite of the growth, the proportion of the Saskatchewan population who are recent immigrants in Saskatchewan is still well below the national average. Alta Ont Que 2.9% 4.0% 4.0% The number is also well below the proportions in our neighbouring provinces of Alberta and Manitoba. Sask 2.7% PEI 1.9% NS 1.2% NB 1.0% Nfld 0.4% Canada 3.5% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% % of population January 2016 7
SASKATCHEWAN RESIDENCE FOR RECENT IMMIGRANTS, 2011 Saskatoon Recent Immigrants by Residence within Saskatchewan, 2011 4.5% Recent immigrants are much more common in larger urban centres than in rural areas or smaller communities. Regina Swift Current North Battleford 3.7% 3.5% 3.9% Within the larger centres, recent immigrants are more common in Saskatoon, Regina, Swift Current, and North Battleford. Moose Jaw 1.7% Prince Albert 1.5% Estevan 1.4% Yorkton Rest of Saskatchewan 1.1% 1.4% Total 2.7% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% % of population January 2016 8
AGE GROUPS FOR RECENT IMMIGRANTS, SASKATCHEWAN, 2011 65 plus 55 to 64 45 to 54 Recent Immigrants by Age Group, Saskatchewan, 2011 1.1% 2.4% 10.2% Recent Immigrants Provincial Total Recent immigrants are predominantly in the family formation age group including their children. In 2011, 72% of recent immigrants were 25 to 44 years of age or children (under 15). This compares with 45% of the general Saskatchewan population. 35 to 44 22.8% 25 to 34 24.3% 15 to 24 14.2% Under 15 24.9% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% % of population January 2016 9
MEMBERS OF A VISIBLE MINORITY GROUP Residents, excluding the Aboriginal population, who are non-caucasian in race or nonwhite in colour
CHANGES OVER TIME, MEMBERS OF A VISIBLE MINORITY GROUP 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 Members of a Visible Minority Group, Saskatchewan In the 2011 NHS, respondents were given a list of visible minority groups and asked if they were members. The list included: Chinese, South Asian, West Asian, and Southeast Asian; Black; Filipino, Japanese, Korean; Latin American; and Arab. Note that Aboriginal people are not classified as being members of a visible minority group. Many members of a visible minority group will be recent immigrants. 10,000 0 1996 2001 2006 2011 The sharp increase from 2006 to 2011 means that 6.3% of Saskatchewan residents are members of a visible minority group compared with 3.6% in 2006. January 2016 11
VISIBLE MINORITY GROUPS, SASKATCHEWAN, 2011 Members of a Visible Minority Group, Saskatchewan, 2011 Filipino South Asian 12,325 16,030 The majority of the 63,275 Saskatchewan residents who report being members of a visible minority group are Asian in general and Filipino in particular. Chinese 11,300 Black 7,260 Southeast Asian 4,910 Latin American Arab West Asian Korean Japanese Other Multiple 3,250 2,100 1,600 1,270 720 745 1,770 0 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 15,000 17,500 January 2016 12
INTERPROVINCIAL COMPARISON, VISIBLE MINORITY GROUPS B.C. Ont Alta Man Que Members of a Visible Minority Group, by Province, 2011 11.0% 13.1% 18.4% 27.3% 25.9% The proportion of Saskatchewan residents who are members of a visible minority group (6.3%) is less than a third of the national average and lower than in Manitoba or Alberta. In B.C. and Ontario, more than one in four residents are members of a visible minority group. Sask NS PEI NB Nfld 6.3% 5.2% 3.1% 2.3% 1.4% Canada 19.1% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% % of population January 2016 13
VISIBLE MINORITY GROUPS, SASKATCHEWAN, 2011 Members of a Visible Minority Group, by Residence within Saskatchewan, 2011 Saskatoon Regina 11.2% 10.6% The majority of those who report being members of a visible minority group live in Regina or Saskatoon where they represent more than one in ten residents. Swift Current North Battleford Moose Jaw 5.0% 4.6% 6.2% Looked at another way, four out of five Saskatchewan members of a visible minority group live in either Regina or Saskatoon. Estevan 4.2% Yorkton 2.9% Prince Albert 2.9% Rest of Saskatchewan 1.7% Total 6.3% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% % of population January 2016 14
MEMBERS OF A VISIBLE MINORITY GROUP, BY AGE, 2011 65 plus 55 to 64 45 to 54 35 to 44 Members of a Visible Minority Group, by Age Group, Saskatchewan, 2011 4% 6% 11% 18% Members Provincial Total Members of a visible minority group are predominantly in the family formation age group. In 2011, 64% of residents who are members of a visible minority group immigrants were 25 to 44 years of age or children (under 15). This compares with 45% of the general Saskatchewan population. 25 to 34 20% 15 to 24 15% Under 15 25% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% % of population January 2016 15
ABORIGINAL IDENTITY Those who self-identify as Aboriginal including the First Nations, Métis, and other Aboriginal people
THE ABORIGINAL POPULATION 180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 Population Reporting an Aboriginal Idenity, Saskatchewan The Aboriginal identity population includes Treaty or Registered Indians, members of a First Nation, and those who self-identify as Aboriginal. The term Indigenous is also used for this population. The number of Aboriginal people in the province has been increasing steadily and now represents 15.6% of the Saskatchewan population about one in six residents. 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 1996 2001 2006 2011 January 2016 17
ABORIGINAL IDENTITY Aboriginal Identity and Registered Indian Status, Saskatchewan, 2011 Métis Identity 52,245 33% Multiple & Other 2,290 1% A rule of thumb is that the Aboriginal population in Saskatchewan is approximately split into thirds: one-third are Métis; one third are First Nations members living on reserve; and one-third are First Nations members living off Reserve. First Nations Identity, On Reserve 54,950 35% First Nations Identity, Off Reserve 48,255 31% January 2016 18
INTERPROVINCIAL COMPARISON Man Aboriginal Identity, by Province, 2011 16.7% Saskatchewan and Manitoba have, by far, the highest proportion of Aboriginal people in Canada. Sask Nfld Alta 7.1% 6.2% 15.6% Notwithstanding the high proportions in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, over one-half of Aboriginal people live in Ontario, B.C., and Alberta. B.C. 5.4% NS 3.7% NB 3.1% Ont 2.4% Que 1.8% PEI 1.6% Canada 4.3% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% % of population January 2016 19
RESIDENCE WITHIN SASKATCHEWAN, 2011 Prince Albert North Battleford Aboriginal Identity, by Residence within Saskatchewan, 2011 22.2% 38.5% Within the province, the highest number of Aboriginal people live outside the major urban centres but the highest proportions are in Prince Albert and North Battleford. Yorkton Regina Saskatoon 10.0% 9.5% 9.3% Aboriginal people are almost non-existent in southern cities of Moose Jaw, Swift Current, and Estevan. Estevan 5.0% Moose Jaw 4.2% Swift Current 2.8% Rest of Saskatchewan 22.2% Total 15.6% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% % of population January 2016 20
AGE GROUPS FOR THE ABORIGINAL POPULATION 65 plus Aboriginal Identity, by Age Group, Saskatchewan, 2011 4% Aboriginal people are much younger, on average, than non- Aboriginal residents of the province. 55 to 64 45 to 54 35 to 44 6% 11% 11% Aboriginal Identity Provincial Total For example, 34% of the First Nations population is under 15 years of age compared with the provincial average of 19%. Looked at another way, more than a quarter (27%) of children in the province are Aboriginal. 25 to 34 13% 15 to 24 20% Under 15 34% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% % of population January 2016 21
LANGUAGE DIVERSITY
THREE LANGUAGE MEASURES 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Three Language Measures for Saskatchewan 1996 2001 2006 2011 There are three language measures in the census/nhs. The mother tongue is the language first learned as a child and still understood. For 16% of Saskatchewan residents, their mother tongue is not English. The home language is the language spoken most often at home - 92% of Saskatchewan residents report English. The knowledge of official languages measures how many individuals can write or carry on a conversation in English or French. All but 6,000 Saskatchewan residents (<1% of the population) can understand English. Mother tongue not English Cannot understand English Home language not English January 2016 23
INTERPROVINCIAL COMPARISON OF HOME LANGUAGE, 2011 NB Home Language is Not English, by Province, 2011 31.0% Excluding Quebec, the highest proportions of non-english speakers at home are in New Brunswick, Ontario, and B.C. Ont 21.2% B.C. 19.6% Man 15.8% Alta 14.4% Sask 7.9% NS 4.6% PEI 4.5% Nfld 1.5% Canada excl Quebec 18.4% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% % of population January 2016 24
HOME LANGUAGE BY RESIDENCE WITHIN SASKATCHEWAN, 2011 Saskatoon Regina North Battleford Home Language is Not English, by Residence within Saskatchewan, 2011 Prince Albert 5.3% 6.7% 7.9% 9.3% Within the province, one is most likely to find someone who speaks a language other than English at home in Saskatoon or Regina. The proportion is also relatively high outside of major urban centres where the Aboriginal population is concentrated. Swift Current 4.6% Estevan 4.3% Yorkton 4.0% Moose Jaw 3.5% Rest of Saskatchewan Total 8.3% 7.9% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% % of population January 2016 25
SUMMARY
SUMMARY OF DIVERSITY MEASURES Summary of Diversity Measures, Saskatchewan, 2011 Home language not English alone 80,135 or 7.9% of the population There is a great deal of overlap among these categories but it is clear that a relatively high proportion (at least one in five residents) are either Aboriginal or members of a visible minority group. Aboriginal Identity 157,740 or 15.6% of the population Member of a Visible Minority Group 63,275 or 6.3% of the population Recent Immigrant 26,925 or 2.7% of the population 0 40,000 80,000 120,000 160,000 200,000 January 2016 27
TRENDS IN DIVERSITY MEASURES 180 160 140 Change in Selected Populations, Saskatchewan, 1996 to 2011 thousands Aboriginal The Aboriginal population has been growing steadily over time. The other three groups, among whom there will be a great deal of overlap, show a sharp increase from 2006 to 2011. 120 100 80 60 Home Language Not English Visible Minorities All four groups will have increased in size since 2011. 40 20 Recent Immigrant 0 1996 2001 2006 2011 January 2016 28