Page 1 of 9 AP European History Topic 5 The Absolutist State Multiple Choice (Weight 2) Points Possible: 200 pts

Page 1 of 9 AP European History Topic 5 The Absolutist State Multiple Choice (Weight 2) Points Possible: 200 pts

Directions: Read the statement and choose the most correct answer. Page 2 of 9 1. Louis XIV s court at Versailles was designed to serve all of the following purposes EXCEPT A. to impress people with his wealth, power, and refinement. B. to insulate the court from the turmoil of the capital city. C. to serve as a final defensive bastion in case of invasion. D. to detach nobles from their traditional bases of power in the provinces. E. to isolate the government as a means to exercise vast personal power. 2. Developing the country s bureaucracy gave Louis increased ability to A. expand and control the armed forces. B. formulate and execute laws. C. collect and disburse revenue. D. monitor the most isolated parts of his nation. E. All of the above 3. Louis foreign policy resulted in A. decisive victories. B. greater gains than losses. C. only marginal gains at great cost. D. great losses of territory and resources. E. an important alliance with the Holy Roman Empire. 4. Louis XIV s domestic policy included all of the following EXCEPT A. quashing legal protests and crushing peasant rebellions. B. fostering manufacturing, agriculture, and trade. C. expelling the Huguenots. D. transforming the aristocracy into a compulsory service class. E. suppressing Jansenism. 5. Following the death of Louis XIV and the assumption of Louis XV to the throne, A. France witnessed a steady decrease in investments in the New World. B. the nobility sought to restore their authority and political power in the parlements under the leadership of the duke of Orleans. C. Frederick the Great invaded Silesia and sparked an international conflict with France. D. Colbert emphasized a mercantilist economic system in France. 6. After Louis XIV, the French monarchy was troubled by all of the following EXCEPT A. renewed competition from aristocrats (especially in the parlements). B. financial instability thanks to exemptions from taxes enjoyed by the privileged. C. incessant warfare thanks to Louis XV s dynastic ambitions in Spain. D. political weakness, except during the ministry of Cardinal Fleury. 7. Leopold I s rule was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT A. the establishment of a Versailles-like palace at Schonbrunn. B. reliance on aristocrats to help rule nationally and locally. C. strong efforts to make imperial rule effective in Germany. D. significant expansion to the southeast at Ottoman expense. E. royal patronage of the arts.

Page 3 of 9 8. Frederick William made Brandenburg-Prussia into a power in Germany by all of the following EXCEPT A. building a strong army, which rose from 8,000 men in 1648 to 22,000 in the 1650s (and 200,000 in 1786). B. allying with the nobles, who got control of the peasants and through serfdom made their estates profitable. C. organizing the state to sustain the army by having officers run the treasury and local administration. D. gaining the title of King in Prussia and making Berlin into a cosmopolitan social and cultural center. E. allying with foreign powers likely to back Prussian interests. 9. International competition spurred internal state building because A. an efficient bureaucracy, prosperous economy, and stable society were the foundations of military power. B. as conquered peoples came under different rulers, they made use of the best aspects of the government. C. larger powers were able to swallow up smaller states wholesale, and had to digest and integrate them. D. rulers vied for the distinction of ruling the most fortunate state by best serving the needs of their people. E. silencing all internal dissent made it easier to engage in foreign adventures. 10. Frederick William I did all of the following EXCEPT A. increase the size of the army. B. improve the quality of the officers. C. wear an army uniform at all times. D. fight a war. E. despise court life and dismiss numerous courtiers. 11. Frederick the Great was all of the following EXCEPT A. an outstanding general. B. a God-fearing German Protestant. C. a composer. D. a ruthless statesman. E. a poet and philosopher. 12. The Habsburgs faced all of the following difficulties in forging their empire EXCEPT A. it was made up of socially and culturally diverse territories united only by the dynasty that ruled them. B. the local nobles in the different territories jealously defended, and tried to extend, their territorial rights. C. Prussia, France, Spain, and Bavaria tried to take advantage of the succession of Maria Theresa, a woman. D. they lost a number of provinces because Hungarian troops and British gold proved insufficient support in their international wars of territorial aggressions. E. an empty treasury, an inadequately trained army, and an ineffective bureaucracy.

Page 4 of 9 13. The Pragmatic Sanction A. was Emperor Charles VI s attempt to secure the succession of his daughter to the throne of Austria-Hungary. B. revoked the previously established toleration of Huguenots in France. C. was largely ignored by European rulers. D. All of the above E. Both A and C 14. Maria Theresa accomplished all of the following EXCEPT A. expanding Austria s tax base. B. founding new monasteries. C. reforming the administration. D. modernizing the army. E. establishing military academies to produce more professional officers. 15. Spain remained an important international player in the eighteenth century because of its A. large population. B. powerful navy. C. victorious army. D. economic strength. E. revitalized bureaucracy following the establishment of the indendant system (borrowed from France) to administer the provinces. 16. Peter the Great accomplished all of the following during his reign EXCEPT A. ignored the Duma and concentrated instead on his bureaucracy. B. began the westernization of Russia s economy and society. C. took control of the Church and ignored representative institutions. D. reduced the peasants to the level of serfs. E. established Russia as a major presence in the Black Sea. 17. In the Great Northern War (1700-1721), Peter the Great went to war and began the disintegration of A. the Ottoman Empire s monopoly on the Black Sea. B. Polish sovereignty. C. the Danish strongholds along the Brandenburg-Prussian borders. D. the Swedish Empire. E. the balance of power in Eastern Europe. 18. The biggest limitation to French Absolutism in the 17 th and 18 th centuries was A. the tax structure. B. ineffective balance of powers. C. an incompetent leadership. D. religious turmoil. E. incapable financial ministers. 19. The most important lesson Louis XIV learned from the Fronde was that the A. Edict of Nantes needed to be revoked. B. French bureaucracy needed massive reform. C. lower classes were dangerous and had to be suppressed. D. sole alternative to anarchy was absolute monarchy.

20. The guiding force behind Cardinal Richelieu s policies was A. reform of the Church. B. a belief in decentralization. C. the subordination of all groups and institutions to the monarchy. D. the sovereignty of the people. E. the increase of his own power at the expense of the people. Page 5 of 9 21. Colbert s contribution to mercantilism was his A. belief in the importance of human capital. B. commitment to deficit spending. C. belief in free trade. D. commitment to self-sufficiency. 22. A primary cause of the Glorious Revolution was the A. conflict over sovereignty between Charles II and Parliament. B. fear of a Catholic dynasty being established in England. C. economic dislocation that had resulted from the English civil war. D. social mobility in England throughout the seventeenth century. 23. The founder of the Prussian state who used the army in order to gain recognition as an independent principality in Germany was A. Frederick William, the Great Elector. B. Frederick III, the Ostentatious. C. Frederick William I. D. Frederick II, the Great. 24. The best word to describe Frederick William I of Prussia is A. a jerk. B. pious. C. shrewd. D. militaristic. E. weak. 25. Frederick William I, in his drive for absolute power, forced the Prussian Junkers to A. emigrate. B. serve him in the army. C. retire to their estates. D. free their serfs. E. retire to the court of Berlin as a distraction. 26. The primary unit of taxation in Peter s Russia was A. land. B. agricultural produce. C. people. D. wealth. E. beards.

27. One of the most important consequences of Peter I s reforms was the A. creation of a middle class in Russia. B. widening gap between elite and the commoners. C. use of French as the language of the state. D. imposition of royal justice in the provinces. Page 6 of 9 28. The War of Spanish Succession began when Charles II of Spain left his territories to A. the French heir. B. the Spanish heir. C. Eugene of Savoy. D. the Habsburg archduke of Austria. E. his daughter. 29. Which of the following cities was the commercial and financial capital of Europe in the seventeenth century? A. London. B. Hamburg. C. Paris. D. Amsterdam. E. St. Petersburg. 30. Which of the following is characteristic of an absolute state? A. Sovereignty is embodied in the representative assembly. B. Bureaucracies are bought into and solely accountable to the middle class. C. A strong voice is expressed by the nobility. D. Standing armies are permanent and are a tool of the state. 31. One way in which Louis XIV controlled the French nobility was by A. maintaining standing armies in the countryside to crush noble uprisings. B. requiring the presence of the major noble families at Versailles for at least part of the year. C. periodically visiting the nobility in order to check on their activities. D. forcing them to participate in a parliamentary assembly. 32. The Peace of Utrecht in 1713 A. shrunk the size of the British Empire significantly. B. represented the balance-of-power principle in action. C. enhanced Spain s position as a major power in Europe. D. marked the beginning of French expansionist policy. 33. John Locke s principles expressed in Second Treatise of Civil Government (1690) can be summarized as all of the following EXCEPT A. humans have inalienable rights of life, liberty, and property. B. government sovereignty is derived from the consent of the people who pay its taxes. C. the monarch is divinely appointed, but he can be overthrown if his actions do not represent protect his subjects inalienable rights. D. if the government infringes upon citizens inalienable rights, they have the right to overthrow the government.

Page 7 of 9 34. Which of the following best summarizes Thomas Hobbes principle thesis in Leviathan (1651)? A. Humans instinctive aggressiveness requires the establishment of a powerful government in order to maintain order. B. Humans propensity for war necessitates the establishment of a representative assembly to help prevent its outbreak. C. Limits must be placed upon the state s sovereignty in order to prevent the abuse of humans state of nature. D. Humans are born with a clean slate (tabula rasa), and therefore nothing is inborn or preordained. 35. The Habsburg state in the seventeenth century was made up of A. Austria, Bohemia, and Hungary. B. Austria, Prussia, and Hungary. C. Hungary, Brandenburg, and Silesia. D. Silesia, Bohemia, and Austria. 36. According to Robert K. Massie, all of the following problems helped partially thwart Peters attempt to modernize and westernize Russia s economy EXCEPT A. government directed changes were many times heavy handed and poorly applied. B. Russia as a country was not open to radical change. C. Peter would continually change his mind. D. Peter lacked the personal energy and desire to bring change to Russia. 37. According to Peter Burke, the Cultural Program of Louis XIV was a A. state directed attempt to remove the influence of the Huguenots. B. state directed attempt to edify the King. C. utilized cultural cross references (art, literature, medals, palaces). D. was meant to crush Jansenism. E. All of the Above F. Both B and C 38. The Streltsy Revolted in 1682 in order to A. free the serfs. B. remove the threat of civil war in the personage of Peter s son, Alexis. C. establish the Miloslavsky family to power under the leadership of Sophia. D. reestablish orthodoxy in the Russian state following the modernizing attempts of Peter I. 39. The monarch who firmly established Prussian absolutism and who was named the Soldier King was A. Frederick William, the Great Elector. B. Frederick III, the Ostentatious. C. Frederick William I. D. Frederick II, the Great. 40. The Battle of Poltava marks a Russian victory over A. Sweden. B. the Ottoman Turks. C. Prussia. D. Austria. E. Lithuania.

Page 8 of 9 41. Upon Peter s death, which of the following did NOT exist in Mother Russia? A. Foreign advisors were used extensively for their expertise. B. The peasants found themselves with fewer freedoms including a requirement for an internal passport to move around. C. Russia still did not have a large merchant marine to transport goods. D. The country was heavily in debt due to Peter s forced modernization. 42. According to Steven Lee, a Theoretical Contract exists in Enlightened Despotism that involves A. enlightened rule from above. B. representative assemblies share power with the enlightened despot. C. complete subordination from below. D. poor application of enlightened law making due to heavy handed reform efforts. E. All of the Above F. Both A and C 43. Catherine the Great s diplomatic policy became reactionary when she gave more power to the nobility and allowed serfdom to become more oppressive after A. the palace coup of 1762. B. the first partition of Poland. C. Pugachev s Rebellion. D. the Streltsy Revolt. 44. The enlightened monarchs of the eighteenth century would most likely have favored which of the following? A. The Society of Jesus. B. Written constitutions. C. The abolition of organized religion. D. The codification of laws. E. Royal succession based on ability instead of birth. 45. On his tour of Europe, Peter s pseudonym was A. Peter the Great. B. Peter Mikhailov. C. Peter Piper. D. Peter Miloslavsky. E. Petrov Verbuden 46. Peter hoped to learn shipbuilding, but only lasted a week before crowds prevented it, in which city? A. Amsterdam. B. Utrecht. C. Zaandam. D. Mastricht. E. London. 47. Frederick the Great contributed most to the rise of Prussia as a major European power by A. maintaining traditional dynastic alliances. B. annexing the Habsburg province of Silesia. C. promoting religious toleration. D. encouraging the arts. E. instituting judicial reforms.

Page 9 of 9 Men being by nature all free, equal, and independent, no one can be put out of this estate and subjected to the political power of another without his own consent, which is done by agreeing with other men, to join and unite into a community for their comfortable, safe, and peaceable living in a secure enjoyment of their properties. 48. The quotation above is from a work by A. John Locke. B. Francis Bacon. C. Edmund Burke. D. Voltaire. E. Adam Smith. 49. Which of the following statements is most accurate for those rulers in the eighteenth century who are labeled Enlightened Absolutists? A. They undercut the basis of monarchical authority. B. They didn t understand many of the nuances of Enlightenment thought. C. They implemented serious reforms that had long-term consequences for their countries. D. They toyed with the ideas of reform but refused to put major limits upon their royal prerogatives. E. They made their nations into more rational constitutional monarchies. 50. Poland disappeared as an independent nation in the eighteenth century due to all of the following reasons EXCEPT A. Russian, Prussian, and Austrian annexations of Polish territories. B. the Polish nobility reduced the monarchy to a powerless institution. C. France refused to intervene on behalf of the Poles. D. the nation was vulnerable due to its exposed lands without natural borders. E. the Catholic Church was unsympathetic to Polish statehood.