Social Welfare Policy Introduction to Social Welfare Policy HGU Byungdeok Kang
Social Welfare Policy? = (Social + Welfare) + Policy Social Welfare? Policy?
Social Welfare Welfare Well-being ( the state of healthy balance for people ) Social Welfare The well-being of society
Policy related to Apples VS. Policy does not study apples in itself, but it does affect the regulation and distribution of apples.
Policy Policy? Principle or rule: A course of action that has been officially agreed and chosen by a political party, business, or other organization (Longman English Dictionary) Private & Public Private Policy = a legal document between private parties Public Policy = government action
Public Policy Public Policy = Actions of government and the intentions that determine those actions (C. E. Cochran, et al.) Public Policy = The outcome of the struggle in government over who gets what" (C. E. Cochran, et al.) Public policy consists of political decisions for implementing programs to achieve societal goals. (C. L. Cochran & E. F. Malone) Public policy is the sum of government activities, whether acting directly or through agents, as it has an influence on the life of citizens. (B. G. Peters)
Social Welfare Policy Social Welfare Policy = The maintenance of the well-being of society Social Welfare Programs = The products of social welfare policies Social Issue Policy Goals Legislation Regulation Program
Policy Cycle Policy Cycle 1. Agenda Setting (Problem Identification) 2. Policy Formulation (Idea Development) 3. Adoption 4. Implementation 5. Evaluation
The Big Five Social Services Social Security Housing Health Social Work Education + Labor/Employment Taxation
Are social welfare policies important? Why? or Why Not?
Why Social Welfare Policy? Social welfare policies are important because engages with serious social problems. looks at how those problems can be dealt with. examines strategies for putting responses into practice.
Why Do You (social welfare students) Study Social Welfare Policy? Any Benefits?
Studying social welfare policy is beneficial for professional preparation. contribution to policy making. understand social issues better.
Three Major Perspectives to Understand Social Welfare Policy Institutional Perspective Social Welfare Policy Analytical Perspective Political Perspective
Institutional perspectives Identifies the functioning of the key social institutions that structure and provide social welfare Analytical perspective Understand/compare different approaches to social welfare Political perspective Explore the interrelationships between society and government
What are the key social functions necessary to maintain/sustain a society? What institutions do we need/have?
Institutional Perspectives What are major social institutions and their functions? Social Institutions Kinship Religion Workplace The Market Mutual Assistance Government Key Org. Forms Families Primary Functions Procreating, socialization, protection, intimacy, emotional support Social Welfare Functions Dependent care, Interfamilial financial support
Analytic Perspective P P P Three P s of Major Analysis 1. Process Focus on the dynamics of policy formulation (Political Science) A long-range studies of the development of an entire social welfare systems, Studies of the development of specific programs (History) 2. Product Focus on a set of policy choices (issues of choices) 3. Performance Focus on description and evaluation of program outcomes
WHY? Process Social Welfare Policy In a vacuum vs. Social Welfare Policy In a social context Product Performance
Political Perspective Politics of Social Welfare: Individual vs. Community Values different expressions of the good society and the role of government Individual Perspective Emphasizing the pursuit of individual interests (individual action) Community Perspective Recognizing the importance of common action on behalf of common goals
Individual Perspective Community Perspective Political Ideology Conservative Liberal / Progressive View of Social Problems View of Market Responsibility of Government Social Policy Agendas
Emerging Issues: Feminist Perspective First Wave (Equity Feminist) Reflects the traditional liberal agenda of political rights and expanded opportunity Is less likely to see women as victims of patriarchy Second Wave (Gender Feminist) Seeks to confront the fundamental inequalities they see as inherent in society s basic institutions All women are viewed as victimized by deep and pervasive cultural and social restraints.
Feminist Perspectives on Social Welfare Emphasizes the role of women Studies social welfare in valuable and diverse ways Focuses on the vulnerabilities of women in society; Documents and analyzes a range of social inequalities Violence against women / Sexual harassment / Women health Family Traditional nuclear family as the embodiment of patriarchy Maternatity Leave Mother > Father
Historical Development of Social Welfare Policies in Korea 1948 ~ 1960 Independence and Korean War International Relief and Emergency Aid Absolute Poverty Child Welfare Institutional Care 1960 ~ Mid of 1990 Rapid Economic Growth (Govt. Involvement) Social Security Programs (Social Insurance and Public Assistance) Social Welfare not a primary issue; minimized roles of govt. Service Providers: International Domestic 1980s social welfare services (for children, the senior, the disabled, etc.)
1998 ~ 1997 Financial Crisis (IMF Aid) Expansion of Social Insurance Coverage Reform of National Health Insurance Long-Term Care Insurance for the Aged (2008) Social Services: Selective Universal Changes of Delivery Systems