World History I Mr. Horas Revolutions in France & Latin America Reading #1: The French Revolution Begins (Pages 514 522) Browse the What You Will Learn section, pictures and the timeline. What are three events / ideas that will be covered in this unit? 3. Main Idea: Shortly after the American Revolution, the French overthrow their King as well only to fall under the control of dictator Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon will conquer much of Europe only to fall himself to a group of European nations. Setting the Stage Intro: What were two causes of revolution in France in the 1780s & 1790s? Old Order (Phase One) Who made up each of the following estates? What % of the population and income in taxes (see chart on 517) did each pay? What privileges or hardships did each face? First Estate (Privileged) Second Estate (Privileged) Third Estate Who made up this estate? Who? Who? % of Population % of Population % of Population % of Income Paid in Taxes % of Income Paid in Taxes % of Income Paid in Taxes 8
First Estate (Privileged) Second Estate (Privileged) Third Estate Privileges Privileges Hardships The Forces of Change Explain an intellectual, economic and political cause of the French Revolution. Intellectual (Enlightenment Ideas): Economic: Political (Weak Leaders): Dawn of the Revolution 3. What was the National Assembly? Why did the 3 rd Estate create it? 4. What was the Bastille? Why did members of the 3 rd Estate attack it? A Great Fear Sweeps France 5. What was the Great Fear? What were two results of it? Great Fear 9
Reading #2: Revolution Brings Reform and Division (Page 523-527) Main Idea: The new revolutionary government in France made many changes but revolutionaries disagree on the course of the revolution Introduction: Setting the Stage Why were members of the 1 st and 2 nd Estate fearful during the Revolution? The Assembly Reforms France (Phase Two) What was the Old Regime? 3. What was the Declaration of Rights of Man? Why is it historically significant? 4. How did the National Assembly reform the Catholic Church? Why? Causes of Revolutions 6. Point out two ways the causes of the French and American Revolutions were similar. 10
7. Why did King Louis and Queen Marie seek to flee France? Divisions Develop (Phase 3) 8. What is a limited monarchy? 9. Over what question did the Legislative Assembly (France s new government) split? What three groups emerged? What does each mean in politics today? Question? Three Groups and meaning: 10. Who were the émigrés? What was their goal during the revolution? War and Execution (Part One) 1 How did Austria and Prussia respond to the revolution in France? Why? 1 What were two changes the Legislative Assembly made during the war in France? 11
Reading #3: Revolution Brings Terror (Page 527-530) Main Idea: The Jacobins seek to rid France of enemies of the Revolution through terror. Jacobins Take Control 13. How did the new government (National Convention) deal with Louis XIV? 14. What European countries united to bring an end to French attempts to export its revolution? Terror Grips France (Phase 4) 15. In what was the French Revolution a civil war? 16. What was the purpose of Robespierre s Reign of Terror? End of the Terror 17. What brought an end to the Reign of Terror in 1794? Why were many tired of the Revolution by 1794? Questions continue on the following page... 12
Comparing the U.S. & French Revolutions 18. Point out three ways the U.S. and the French Revolutions were similar. Reading #4: Napoleon s Empire (Pages 531 540) Main Idea: Napoleon, a military genius, seized power in France and began conquering much of Europe. Napoleon Seizes Power (Phase 5) As a military leader in the 1790s, give an example of how Napoleon gained fame. Define coup d état. How did Napoleon become the leader of France? Coup d état: Napoleon as leader: Napoleon Rules France 3. Explain two changes Napoleon made to win favor of the French people and/or the Catholic Church. 13
4. What surprising move did Napoleon make at his own crowning as emperor of France? Napoleon Creates an Empire (Part 1) 5. What were Napoleon s grand military goals? 6. What was Napoleon s goal for the Caribbean island of Saint Domingue? How did the failure of this goal affect the U.S.? Goal: U.S. Napoleon Creates an Empire (Part 2) 7. Why was the French navy s defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar significant? 8. How was Napoleon able to control countries neighboring his empire? 9. What areas of Western Europe did Napoleon fail to bring under his control? Questions continue on the following page... 14
Napoleon s Costly Mistakes 10. What was the Continental System? Why might historians consider it a costly mistake for Napoleon? 1 What was the Peninsular War? Why might historians consider it a costly mistake for Napoleon? 1 Why did Napoleon declare war on Russia? Why is the invasion of Russia considered to be a catastrophic mistake for Napoleon? Napoleon s Downfall 13. Why was Napoleon defeated at Leipzig? 14. What was the 100 Days? 15. Where and when was Napoleon finally defeated? To where was he exiled (sent)? Napoleon as a leader 16. What do you believe was Napoleon s biggest mistake? Why? 15
World History I Mr. Horas Revolutions Sweep Latin America (1789-1900) Reading #5: Latin American Peoples Win Independence (Page 550 558) Main Idea: Inspired by the Enlightenment as well as revolutions in the U.S. and France, peoples in Latin America and rebel in order to change their governments. Main Idea: Inspired by Enlightenment ideals as well as the U.S. war for independence, peoples in Central and South American fight to rid themselves of European control. Setting the Stage Why did peoples in Central and South America rebel in the early 1800s? Colonial Society Divided Fill in the chart below concerning the class divisions in Latin America. Write a brief description of each class. Mulattos is completed for you as an example. Mulattos Persons of mixed European and African ancestry Questions continue on the following page... 16
Revolutions in the Americas Country Leaders of Independence Year Mother Country How Independence Achieved? Haiti France Creoles Lead Independence Country Leader Year Mother Country How Independence Achieved? Venezuela Ecuador Argentina Chile & Peru Mexico Brazil Questions continue on the following page... 17
Point out 3 similarities among all these revolutionary movements in Latin America (Central and South America). 3. 18