Unit 8 Review Standard Indicators 8-5.1-4 1. Which amendments did SC refuse to ratify? 2. What did these two amendments guarantee? 3. What were the purposes of the Reconstruction plans of the Federal Government? 4. South Carolina and the other southern states had serious economic problems after the war. Why didn t the federal Reconstruction plans address these problems? 5. Whose responsibility did the government think it was to economically rebuild the South? 6. Describe Lincoln s Plan of Reconstruction (called 10% Plan): 7. What were the purposes of Lincoln s Plan? A. B. C. 8. What happened to President Lincoln to prevent him from implementing his plan of Reconstruction? 9. Who became president after Lincoln was assassinated? 10. What was President Johnson s Presidential Reconstruction Plan?
11. What additional purpose did President Johnson add to the plan? 12. What did he add to Lincoln s Plan to achieve this purpose? 13. What were the purposes of the Congressional Plan of Reconstruction? A. B. 14. Why did Congress think that a harsher or stricter Reconstruction plan was needed for the South and then change Reconstruction? A. B. C. D. E. F. G. 15. What happened as a result of the actions of the southern states and President Johnson? A. B. C. 16. What did the Radical Republican Plan include? A. B. C. 17. Why did Congress impeach President Johnson? 18. How did impeachment affect President Johnson s administration? A. B. C.
19. What did the southern states have to do to regain statehood under the Radical Republican Plan of Reconstruction? A. B. 20. What social changes did the 13th amendment bring for Southern African Americans? A. B. C. D. E. 21. How did end of the war & Reconstruction affect white South Carolinians? A. B. C. D. 22. What did the formation of organizations like the KKK reflect in the white population? A. B. 23. What were the purposes of the 14th Amendment? A. B. C. D. E. 24. What were the purposes of the 15th Amendment? A. B.
25. What was the economic impact of Reconstruction on the recovery of the South? A. B. C. D. 26. Under Congressional Reconstruction, SC and other southern states were required to hold conventions and write constitutions. Who wrote the new document, why? 27. What were the major provisions of the new constitution of 1868? A. B. C. D. E. 28. What were the effects of the increased democracy offered by the 1868 constitution? A. B. C. D. 29. How were African American elected officials characterized by whites? 30. Was this an accurate description, why? 31. For what political party did the Northerners (carpetbaggers) vote? 32. Where did many scalawags live? 33. Did they have political power? 34. Why did scalawags join Republican Party? A. B. C. D.
35. Which groups in SC benefited most from 1868 Constitution & Reconstruction? A. B. C. 36. How did the 13th Amendment & Reconstruction affect the planters? A. B. C. D. E. 37. How did they continue farming? 38. Describe sharecropping: A. B. 39. How did the planters and middle class try to hold onto slave-like conditions and control of the government? A. B. C. 40. What brought a temporary end to their control of freedmen & the SC government? 41. How did the 13th Amendment affect the small farmer who had owned slaves? A. B. 42. How was the non-slave holding small farmer affected?
43. Describe the life of the freedmen: A. B. C. D. 44. What was the crop lien system and how did it affect the freedmen? A. B. C. 45. How did Reconstruction affect white women of all classes? A. B. C. 46. What people were considered carpetbaggers? A. B. C. D. 47. How were carpetbaggers affected by Reconstruction? 48. What established the basis of equality for African Americans? A. B. C.
49. In South Carolina, what provided for the improvement of social and political conditions for African Americans? 50. How did the white backlash due to hostility to African American equality show itself? 51. What was the Freedmen s Bureau? A. B. C. 52. How did the Freedmen s Bureau help the freedmen? A. B. C. D. E. 53. Did the freedmen get to keep the land they were given by the Freedmen s Bureau, why? 54. How did northern philanthropists contribute to the education of freedmen? A. B. C.
55. What caused/ created the backlash among whites? 56. How did the backlash work? A. B. C. 57. How did the federal government react? 58. Did these actions have much of an effect? 59. List the successes of the Republican Reconstruction governments: A. B. C. D. E. 60. List the failures of the Republican Reconstruction governments: A. B. C. D.
E. 61. Give an example of the effects of corruption in SC government. 62. What propaganda did the whites in SC use to manipulate the Northern press? A. B. C. 63. What resulted from the propaganda spread by whites in the Northern press? 64. What was the Hamburg Massacre of 1876? A. B. 65. Who were the Red Shirts? A. B. 66. Why was the governor s election thrown into the General Assembly? 67. After the election of 1876, who had political authority, as well as political power in South Carolina? A. B.
68. How was the election dispute settled? A. B. C. 69. Who was responsible for redeeming South Carolina from the Republicans? 70. What did they remind them? 71. Who regained control of the government? 72. Being conservatives, how did they want to restore South Carolina s government and society? 73. Governor Wade Hampton recognized the rights of African Americans to vote and hold office. 74. By taking advantage of the still-high rates of illiteracy among the impoverished former slaves, what did politicians adopt to disenfranchise African Americans? A. B. 75. How did the Poll Taxes affect poor whites? 76. Explain Gerrymandering: A. B. 77. Why did poor white farmers in South Carolina accept the leadership of Ben Tillman?
78. Tillman was a Populist because he appealed to the values and needs of the common people against the Conservative elite. Why was, Tillman not considered a true Populist? 79. What did this appeal lead to? 80. What platform did Tillman run under? 81. What led to the reemergence of the terrorism of the Reconstruction era? 82. What is race baiting? 83. In 1895, Senator Benjamin Tillman urged his followers to call for a new state constitution to replace the Reconstruction constitution of 1868. Why did Tillman want this done? 84. What did the new constitution establish? A. B. C. D. 85. Explain the grandfather clause: 86. How did South Carolinian s further limit the social opportunities of African Americans? 87. What did Jim Crow Laws set into law? 88. The Supreme Court ruled that separate-but-equal facilities satisfied which amendment?
89. How were African American South Carolinian s silenced that protested their exclusion from public life?