Kazakhstan (1) Migration stocks and flows Emigrant Stocks Table 1: Stock of emigrants in 2010 (thousands) Destination Emigrant stock CIS Russian Federation 2,648.3 Ukraine 249.9 Uzbekistan 197.8 Turkmenistan 18.8 Kyrgyz Republic 6.2 Latvia 11.1 EU Germany 75.1 Other Israel 79.3 United States 11.9 Canada 7.5 Other countries 414.0 Total 3,719.8 Note: Data is for foreign born population in the destination country. Foreign nationality data is used where this data is not available. Source: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 Table 2: Emigrants from Kazakhstan by destination and by educational attainment, 2000 (persons) Destination Low Medium High Total Emigrants (America) 39 1,512 7,187 8,738 Emigrants (Europe) 12,526 4,458 10,596 27,580 Emigrants (EU15) 11,370 2,492 8,988 22,850 Emigrants (Asia and Oceania) 53 76 309 438 Note: Low primary or 0 8 years of education; Medium secondary or 9 12 years of education; High tertiary or 13 years or more of education. This data is for migrants of age 25+ in most cases. Source: Docquier, Frédéric and Abdeslam Marfouk, International Migration by Educational Attainment Release 1.1. March 2005.
Table 3: Emigration of Physicians, stocks Year Number of physician emigrants Number of physicians in Kazakhstan Medical Brain Drain 1991 74 63,152 0.10% 1992 79 64,542 0.10% 1993 83 62,058 0.10% 1994 86 58,728 0.10% 1995 91 58,403 0.20% 1996 97 57,941 0.20% 1997 101 51,999 0.20% 1998 110 54,770 0.20% 1999 119 48,944 0.20% 2000 124 49,579 0.20% 2001 131 49,230 0.30% 2002 142 53,734 0.30% 2003 166 53,746 0.30% 2004 171 53,746 0.30% Source: Bhargava, Alok, Frédéric Docquier and Yasser Moullan. Revised panel data set on physician emigration (1991 2004). February 2010. Immigrant Stocks Table 4: Immigrant stock as of 2010 (foreign nationals, thousands) Origin Immigrant stock CIS Russian Fed. 2,226.7 Ukraine 272.0 Uzbekistan 184.3 Belarus 55.6 Azerbaijan 38.9 Tajikistan 12.8 Moldova 9.7 EU Germany 175.7 Poland 23.5 Other Turkey 37.7 Other countries 42.6 Total 3,079.5 Source: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 Note: This data is based on the 1999 Kazakhstan Census. Kazakhstan conducted a census in 2009, whose results on migrants are not yet available.
Migration flows Table 5: Migration flows (thousands) Year Immigrants Emigrants 2004 68.3 65.5 2005 74.8 52.1 2006 66.7 33.7 2007 53.4 42.4 2008 46.4 45.3 2009 41.5 34.0 2010 42.0 26.5 2011 38.2 32.8 Source: Statistical Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Statistical Indicators. http://www.eng.stat.kz/publishing/pages/magazines_publications.aspx Refugee population Table 5: Refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons Country of asylum: Kazakhstan Country of origin: Kazakhstan Refugees 616 3,500 People in refugee like situations.... Total refugees and people in refugee like situations 616 3,500 Asylum seekers (pending cases) 70 745 Returned refugees.... IDPs protected/ assisted by UNHCR, incl. people in IDP like situations.... Returned IDPs.... Stateless persons 7,337.. Various 3682.. Total population of concern 11,705 4,245 Source: UNHCR 2011 Global Trends (June 2012)
(2) Remittance flows and channels Remittance flows Table 6: Quarterly remittance flows (BPM5 Framework)* Inflows Outflows (US $, millions) 2009 Q1 36.2 1.4 12.0 49.6 321.2 307.2 17.5 645.8 2009 Q2 42.6 1.3 14.6 58.5 433.3 320.0 27.6 780.8 2009 Q3 59.9 1.1 13.3 74.4 433.5 344.2 37.6 815.3 2009 Q4 54.4 1.3 22.7 78.4 436.2 338.5 40.8 815.5 2010 Q1 48.5 1.1 12.6 62.2 259.7 339.3 12.6 611.6 2010 Q2 47.6 1.1 12.9 61.6 369.2 332.8 17.5 719.5 2010 Q3 62.0 1.2 17.9 81.1 473.2 333.9 25.1 832.2 2010 Q4 62.8 1.2 21.7 85.7 492.6 343.8 20.6 857.0 2011 Q1 57.1 1.0 13.1 71.2 401.6 391.8 12.3 805.7 2011 Q2 38.9 1.0 12.7 52.5 361.9 413.3 20.7 795.9 2011 Q3 42.1 1.1 14.5 57.8 438.8 470.0 28.8 937.6 2011 Q4 37.6 1.0 20.1 58.6 472.8 509.8 22.4 1,004.9 Source: IMF Balance of Payments Database * BPM5: The fifth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual was published in 1993 and serves as the standard framework for statistics on the transactions and positions between an economy and the rest of the world. Table 7: Annual remittance flows (BPM5 Framework)* (US $, millions) Inflows Outflows 2001 81.4 3.6 86.2 171.3 143.3 59.9 284.1 487.3 2002 107.4 3.9 93.7 204.9 286.2 78.7 229.7 594.5 2003 38.3 3.9 105.3 147.5 421.1 229.8 150.8 801.7 2004 53.5 3.9 108.5 165.8 805.8 413.7 134.2 1353.7 2005 55.8 6.3 116.4 178.4 1158.5 734.7 106.9 2000.0 2006 73.0 10.6 102.8 186.4 1999.5 959.0 74.7 3033.1 2007 131.9 11.1 80.0 223.0 2997.9 1214.4 91.2 4303.5 2008 120.2 5.4 65.9 191.5 2004.2 1457.5 97.5 3559.2 2009 193.2 5.0 62.6 260.8 1624.2 1309.9 123.5 3057.5 2010 220.9 4.6 65.1 290.6 1594.8 1349.7 75.8 3020.3 2011 175.6 4.1 60.4 240.1 1675.1 1784.9 84.2 3544.2 Source: IMF Balance of Payments Database * BPM5: The fifth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual was published in 1993 and serves as the standard framework for statistics on the transactions and positions between an economy and the rest of the world.
Table 8: Annual remittance flows (BPM6 Framework)* Inflows Outflows n.a. n.a. Personal n.a. n.a. o.w. Workers n.a. n.a. Personal n.a. n.a. Total n.a. n.a. Total and n.a. n.a. Note: This section is currently blank but will be filled when BPM6 is implemented in Kazakhstan * BPM6: The sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual was published in 2007 and is currently being implemented by countries around the world. Channels of flows providers Information flows through commercial banks, post offices, savings cooperatives, microfinance institutions, mobile money is currently unavailable. Remittance costs Table 9: Cost of sending from Russia to Kazakhstan (percent) Cost of sending $200 Cost of sending $500 2008 2.94 2.68 Q1 2009 2.54 2.54 Q3 2009 3.10 2.39 Q1 2010 2.95 2.56 Q3 2010 2.95 2.56 Q1 2011 2.88 2.48 Q3 2011 2.28 2.09 Q1 2012 2.26 2.06 Source: World Bank Remittance Price Database http://remittanceprices.worldbank.org
(3) Regulations pertaining to migration & Table 10: Regulations pertaining to migration Immigration topic Regulation Institutions responsible for immigration Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan (portal.mfa.kz) Immigration regulations and laws Immigration quotas by nationality of origin Types of visas available for immigrants Transit, tourist, diplomatic/official, business, private visa for prospective adoptive parents. Types of occupations in which immigrants are allowed Emigration topic Institutions responsible for emigration Restrictions on emigration Cost of passports and visas Dual citizenship Regulation No Table 11: Regulations pertaining to Remittances topic Regulation Institutions responsible for monitoring and National Bank of Kazakhstan (nationalbank.kz) regulating Types of private sector firms allowed to perform inward and outward remittance transactions Reporting requirement for data by commercial banks and other types of remittance service providers Restrictions on inward/outward Anti money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML CFT) requirements