Date U.S. History Final Exam - Review Guide Semester 1 Name Hr American Revolution 1. What was salutary neglect and how did it contribute to the American Revolution. (70) 2. Describe and explain the French and Indian War. (85-89) 3. Describe and explain how the French and Indian War contributed to the American Revolution? (88, 89) 4. Name all of the acts passed by Britain that contributed to the revolution and explain what they did. (89, 96, 97, 99) 5. Why did American colonist believe that tax laws passed by the British Parliament were unfair? (97) 6. Describe and explain the fighting tactics of the colonial militia. (102) 7. Describe and explain the pamphlet Common Sense. (105)
8. The phrase life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness comes from what famous U.S. document? Who wrote this document? (106) 9. Which battle encouraged the French government to enter the war on the side of the colonists during the American Revolution? (116) The New Nation 10. Explain how the Articles of Confederation created a weak system of government. (137) 11. Who was Daniel Shays and why is he historically significant? (140) 12. Describe the Shayites. (140) 13. Explain the compromises that composed the 3/5 s Compromise? (142) 14. Explain the compromises that were a part of the Great Compromise? (142) 15. What are the three branches of the U.S. government? (143) 16. Why were checks and balances built into the Constitution? (143) 17. Why did the founding fathers include the Electoral College in the Constitution? (144)
18. Why did many states refuse to ratify the Constitution? (146) 19. What was the presidential cabinet and what was its purpose. Which President was the first to form a cabinet? (183) 20. Name the members of the first presidential cabinet and list their job titles. (183) 21. Name the two individuals responsible for the first two political parties? What party did each form and what were their beliefs? Who supported these parties? (185) 22. Define what a loose interpretation of the Constitution is? Who is associated with this? (185) 23. Define what a strict interpretation of Constitution is? Who is associated with this? (185) 24. What ideas did Alexander Hamilton support for the U.S. economy? (185) 25. Define the term sectionalism. (194) 26. Describe and explain the XYZ Affair. (195)
27. What did the Alien and Sedition Acts do? What event triggered the passing of these acts? (195) 28. Why was the changing of power from Washington to Jefferson historically significant? 29. What court case established the premise of judicial review? Define the term judicial review. (199) 30. What nation did the U.S. fight against in the War of 1812? (202) 31. What are 3 reasons why the U.S. became involved in the War of 1812? (202) 32. What famous war hero from the War of 1812 (Battle of New Orleans) went on to become a U.S. President? (205) 33. Describe and explain the Monroe Doctrine. (221) Westward Expansion 34. Which president was responsible for the Louisiana Purchase? When was the purchase made? From which country did the U.S. buy it from? (201) 35. Approximately how much did the U.S. grow geographically as a result of the Louisiana Purchase? (201)
36. What did the Indian Removal Act do? Which President was responsible for the Indian Removal Act? (226) 37. What does the phrase Trail of Tears refer to? (229) 38. Which religious group migrated West and settled in Utah in the 1800 s? (284) 39. Why did Americans settle in Texas in 1821? (289) 40. Describe and explain the Battle of the Alamo. (291) 41. About how long was Texas an independent country prior to entering the U.S.? (292) 42. Which president went to war with Mexico? (293) 43. Describe and explain the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalago. (297) 44. Define the term manifest destiny. (281) 45. Explain the significance of California in 1849. (297) 46. What were the terms of the Homestead Act of 1862? (421)
47. What political party was created by farmers in the 1800 s? (427) 48. What happened at Seneca Falls, New York? (257) Civil War 49. Explain what the Missouri Compromise did? (222) 50. Describe the historical significance of Fredrick Douglas? (249) 51. Define the term abolition. (249) 52. Who was John Brown and what is he known for? (316, 327) 53. Define the term popular sovereignty. (307) 54. Define the term secession. (307) 55. What did the Supreme Court s Dred Scott ruling say? (325) 56. What political party did Lincoln represent? What did this party want? (328) 57. Describe Lincoln s position on slavery when he ran for election in 1860. (329) 58. Where were the first shots of the Civil War fired? (338)
59. Define the term conscription. (349) 60. Explain why riots broke out in New York City in 1863. (350) 61. What was Lincoln s main purpose for fighting the Civil War? 62. What advantages did the North have over the South at the start of the Civil War? (339) 63. What advantages did the South have over the North at the start of the Civil War? (339) 64. Name the two leading commanders of the Northern army. (342, 363) 65. Name the two leading commanders of the Confederate army. (341, 344) 66. What is denied when the writ of Habeas Corpus is denied? (349) 67. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? (347) 68. Which President took over after the assassination of Lincoln and guided the U.S. through Reconstruction? (376) 69. Describe the Radical Republican s Reconstruction plan? (377) 70. What was the overall purpose of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments? (369, 379, 382) 71. Explain the system of sharecropping. (391)