Chapter 19 Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition 1
Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition Chapter 19
3 Chapter 19 Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition
Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition Chapter 19
5 Chapter 19 Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition
Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition Chapter 19
7 Chapter 19 Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition
Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition Chapter 19
9 KEY CONCEPTS Concept 6.1 Concept 6.1 Concept 6.1 SUPPORTING CONCEPTS 6.1.I. 6.1.III. 6.1.III. THEMATIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES WOR-3 Explain how the growing interconnection of the U.S. with worldwide economic, labor, and migration systems affected U.S. society since the late 19th century WXT-5 Explain the development of labor systems that accompanied industrialization since the 19th century and how industrialization shaped U.S. society and workers lives WXT-7 Compare the beliefs and strategies of movements advocating changes to the U.S. economic system since industrialization, particularly the organized labor, Populist, and Progressive movements Sample excerpts from BRINKLEY'S AMERICAN HISTORY that support the THEMATIC LEARNING OBJECTIVES Foreign trade became increasingly important to the American economy in the late nineteenth century. The nation's exports had totaled about $392 million in 1870; by 1890, the figure was $857 million; and by 1900, $1.4 billion. Many Americans began to consider the possibility of acquiring colonies that might expand such markets further. (p. 532) No group watched the performance of the federal government in the 1880s with more dismay than American farmers. Suffering from a long economic decline, afflicted with a painful sense of obsolescence, rural Americans were keenly aware of the problems of the modern economy and particularly eager for government assistance in dealing with them. The result of their frustrations was the emergence of one of the most powerful movements of political protest in American history: what became known as Populism. (p. 520) The reform program of the Populists was spelled out first in the Ocala Demands of 1890 and then, even more clearly, in the Omaha platform of 1892. It proposed a system of subtreasuries, which would replace and strengthen the cooperatives of Grangers and Alliances that had been experimenting for years.... They called as well for regulation and (after 1892) government ownership of railroads, telephones, and telegraphs. Chapter 19 Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition
And they demanded a system of government-operated postal savings banks, a graduated income tax, and the inflation of the currency. Eventually, the party as a whole embraced the demand of its western members for the remonetization of silver. (p. 523) Concept 6.1 Concept 6.3 Concept 7.3 6.1.III. 6.3.I. 7.3.I. POL-3 Explain how activist groups and reform movements, such as antebellum reformers, civil rights activists, and social conservatives, have caused changes to state institutions and U.S. society POL-6 Analyze how debates over political values (such as democracy, freedom, and citizenship) and the extension of American ideals abroad contributed to the ideological clashes and military conflicts of the 19th century and the early 20th century WOR-6 Analyze the major aspects of domestic debates over U.S. expansionism in the 19th century and the early 20th century In addition, the Populists called for the abolition of national banks, the end of absentee ownership of land, the direct election of United States senators (which would weaken the power of conservative state legislatures), and other devices to improve the ability of the people to influence the political process. (p. 523) By the mid-1880s, fifteen western and southern states had adopted laws prohibiting combinations that restrained competition. But corporations found it easy to escape limitations by incorporating in states, such as New Jersey and Delaware, that offered them special privileges. If antitrust legislation was to be effective, its supporters believed, it would have to come from the national government. (pp. 517-518) The anti-imperialists included some of the nation's wealthiest and most powerful figures: Andrew Carnegie, Mark Twain, Samuel Gompers, Senator John Sherman, and others. Their motives were various. Some believed simply that imperialism was immoral, a repudiation of America's commitment to human freedom. Some feared polluting the American population by introducing inferior Asian races into it. Industrial workers feared being undercut by a flood of cheap laborers from the new colonies. Conservatives worried about the large standing army and entangling foreign alliances that they believed imperialism would require and that they feared would threaten American liberties. Sugar growers and others feared unwelcome competition from the new territories. (p. 544) Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition Chapter 19
11 Concept 7.3 Concept 7.3 Concept 7.3 7.3.I. 7.3.I. 7.3.I. WOR-7 Analyze the goals of U.S. policymakers in major international conflicts, such as the Spanish- American War, World Wars I and II, and the Cold War, and explain how U.S. involvement in these conflicts has altered the U.S. role in world affairs ENV-5 Explain how and why debates about and policies concerning the use of natural resources and the environment more generally have changed since the late 19th century POL-6 Analyze how debates over political values (such as democracy, freedom, and citizenship) and the extension of American ideals abroad contributed to the ideological clashes and military conflicts of the 19th century and the early 20th century Foreign trade became increasingly important to the American economy in the late nineteenth century. The nation's exports had totaled about $392 million in 1870; by 1890, the figure was $857 million; and by 1900, $1.4 billion. Many Americans began to consider the possibility of acquiring colonies that might expand such markets further. Americans were well aware of the imperialist fever that was raging through Europe and leading the major powers to partition most of Africa among themselves and to turn eager eyes on the Far East and the feeble Chinese Empire. Some Americans feared that their nation would soon be left out, that no territory would remain to be acquired. (p. 532) American investments, which quickly took over the island's economy, made the new nation an American economic appendage as well. Americans poured into Cuba, buying up plantations, factories, railroads, and refineries. Absentee American ownership of many of the island's most important resources was the source of resentment and agitation for decades. Resistance to Yankee imperialism produced intermittent revolts against the Cuban government revolts that at times prompted U.S. military intervention. (p. 545) The Boxer Rebellion became an important event for the role of the United States in China. McKinley and Hay had agreed to American participation in quelling the Boxer Rebellion so as to secure a voice in the settlement of the uprising and to prevent the partition of China by the European powers. (p. 548) Chapter 19 Brinkley, American History: Connecting with the Past, 15 th Edition