Date: 7.0.7 Time: hrs ITL Public School Summative Assessment 2 (206-7) Answer key Social Science (Set-A) Instructions:. All the questions are compulsory 2. Read the question paper carefully.. Attempt all parts of a question together. 4. Questions number to 9 are mark questions.. Questions number0 to 2 are marks questions. 6. Question number 22 to 29 are marks questions. 7. Question number 0 and are map questions of 2 and marks respectively Class: VIII Name the person who assisted William Jones to establish Asiatic Society of Bengal. Henry Colebrooke and Nathaniel Halhed 2 What were the two things brought by the European artists in the arena of paintings in India? Realism and technique of oil painting Name the political organization that demanded a separate nation from the Hindus. Muslim league 4 Mention any two languages usually spoken by adivasis. Adivasis speak in Bengali and Santhali. Right to water is part of the which article of the Indian Constitution? Article2 6 Why do you think the law of minimum wages is necessary? to protect workers from unfair practices and exploitation. 7 Define Organic farming organic manure and natural pesticides are used instead of chemicals. No genetic modification is done to increase the yield of the crop. 8 Name the river that provides water to the textile mills in Osaka. Yodo 9 What does the narrow base of the population pyramid indicates? low birth rates 0 State the views of the people who criticized the beliefs of Anglicists. Ans. ORIENTALISTS a. Orientalists thought in order to understand India it was necessary to discover the sacred and legal texts that were produced in the ancient period. b. They thought that Eastern education would help Indian rediscover their own heritage and understand the lost glories of their past as well as it would help the British become the guardians of Indian culture and masters. c. They also believed for the British, in order to win a place in the hearts of the natives. Indians ought to be taught what they were already familiar with once what they valued not subjects that were alien to them. Describe the Indian indigenous education system before the coming of British. Pathshala System a. system of education was flexible. b. no fixed fee, no printed books, no separate school building, no benches or chairs, no blackboards, no system of separate classes, no regular time table. c. In some places classes were held under a banyan tree, in other places corner of a village shop VIII A Answer key of
or temple or at gurus home. d. Fee depended on the income of parents; rich had to pay more than poor. e. Teaching was oral. (any) 2. Why did the British officials criticize the Indian learning? they believed knowledge of the East was full of errors and unscientific thought, Eastern literature was not serious and light hearted. 2. What did the Act of 8 aim at? English was made the medium of instruction for higher education. English textbook began to be produced for schools. And to stop the promotion of Oriental institutions like the Calcutta Madrasa and Banaras Sanskrit College. These institutions were seen as temples of darkness that were falling of themselves into decay. Portraiture in itself was a style statement. Analyze. a. The rich and powerful, both British and Indian wanted to see themselves on canvas. b. Colonial portraits were life like images that looked life like and real. c. the size of paintings itself projected the importance of patrons who commissioned these portraitures. 4 a. Identify the protest in the given picture. Salt march b. Discuss the motive behind the movement.. In 90, Gandhi declared that he would lead a march to break the salt law. 2. According to this law, the state had a monopoly on the manufacture and sale of salt.. Gandhi along with other nationalists reasoned that it was sinful to tax salt since it is such an essential item of our food. The salt March related the general desire of freedom to a specific grievance shared by everybody, and thus did not divide the rich and the poor. Discuss the religious beliefs of Adivasis. a. These often involve the worship of ancestors, village and natural spirits, the last associated with and residing in various sites in the landscape mountain-spirits, river spirits, animal-spirits, etc. b. The village spirits are often worshipped at specific sacred groves within the village boundary while the ancestral ones are usually worshipped at home. c. Adivasis have always been influenced by different surrounding religions like Shakta, Buddhist, Vaishnav, Bhakti and Christianity. 6 How is sale of water by farmers to water dealers in Chennai affecting the local people? Many private companies are providing water to cities by burying it from the farmers living in nearly villages. This affects the local people in the following ways: - Ground water levels have dropped drastically. Water is taken away from agriculture. Drinking water supplies of the village is also affected. It will result in decline of water rate. Local people can object to such exploitation of ground water since it takes away their fundamental rights right to life which includes right to water. Yes, the govt. can take certain steps to prevent such situation. 7 What do you think about the implementation of Minimum wages law? The Minimum wages law was implemented:. to ensure that workers are not underpaid, or are paid fairly; there is a law on minimum wages. 2. Law on minimum wages is meant to protect workers; there are also laws that protect the interests of producers and consumers in the market.. These help ensure that the relations between these three parties the worker, consumer and producer are governed in a manner that is not exploitative 8 What are the advantages enjoyed by the foreign companies that are opening their Production unit in India. VIII A Answer key 2 of + 2= +2=
Cheap labour: - Wages that the companies pay to workers say in the U.S.A. are far higher than what they have to pay workers in India. For lower pay: - Companies can get longer hours of work. Additional expenses such as housing facilities for workers are also fewer. Thus, companies can save costs and earn higher profits. Cost cutting can also be done by other more dangerous means. Lower working conditions including lower safety measures are used as ways of cutting costs. For Example: - At West Virginia (U.S.A.) computerized working and monitoring systems were in place, whereas the UC plants in Bhopal relied on manual gauges and the human senses to detect gas leaks. At the West Virginia plants, emergency evacuation plan were in place, but nonexistent in Bhopal. 9 Which crop is known as the Golden Fibre? Mention few of the important climatic factors favourable for its cultivation. 22-27 o C high temp Well drained fertile soils in the flood plains India, China and Bangladesh. 0 cm humid heavy rainfall climate 20 State the different stages of processing that are involved in the production of Steel by giving few points. ) The inputs for the industry include raw materials such as iron ore, coal and limestone, along with labour, capital, site and other infrastructure. 2) The process of converting iron ore into steel involves many stages. The raw material is put in the blast furnace where it undergoes smelting. It is then refined. ) The output obtained is steel which may be used by other industries as raw material. 2 Human resource is the ultimate resource. Analyze the statement. a) People are a nation s greatest resource. b) Nature s bounty becomes significant only when people find it useful. c) It is people with their demands and abilities that turn them into resources. 22 Raja Ravi Verma s paintings were considered as national -Justify the statement. a) He created a style that was both national and modern. b) He had learnt the Western art of oil painting and realistic life study but painted themes from Indian mythology. c) He made many paintings; depicting scenes from Mahabharata and Ramayana. From the 880s, his mythological paintings became a rage among Indian princes and art collectors. d) Ravi Varma also set up a picture production team and printing press in Bombay. e) Colour prints of his religious paintings were mass produced in this press. Such prints could be bought by even the poor people. 2 "The early years of the Indian National Congress referred to as the moderate phase". Analyse the statement. a) During this period it demanded a greater voice for Indians in the government and in administration. b) It wanted the Legislative Councils to be made more representative, given more power, and introduced in provinces where not existed. c) It demanded that Indian be placed in high positions in the government. For this purpose it called for civil service examinations to be held in India as well, not just in London. d) The demand for Indianisation of the administration was part of a movement against racism, since most important jobs at the time were monopolized by white officials and the British generally assumed that Indian could not be given positions of responsibility. VIII A Answer key of +2=
e) Other demands included the separation of the judiciary from the executive, the repeal of the Arms Act and the freedom of speech and expression. 24 What do you understand by the term minority? How are the customs and practices of Muslims distinct from the mainstream? The term minority is most commonly used to refer to communities that are numerically small in relation to the rest of the population.. Muslims are marginalized community in India because in comparison to other communities, they have over the years been deprived of the benefits of socio- economic development. 2. Like other minorities, Muslim customs and practices are sometimes quite distinct from what is seen as the mainstream.. Some not all Muslims may wear a burqa, sport a long beard, wear a fez, and these become ways to identify all Muslims. 4. Because of this, they tend to be identified differently and some people think they are not like the rest of us. Often this becomes an excuse to treat them unfairly, and discriminate against them. 2 Discuss the initiative taken by Sulabh in solving the problem of sanitation.. Sulabh, a non-government organization, has been working for three decades to address the problems of sanitation facing low-caste, low-income people in India. 2. It has constructed more than 7,00 public toilet blocks and.2 million private toilets, giving access to sanitation to 0 million people.. The majority of the users of Sulabh facilities are from the poor working class. 4. Sulabh enters into contracts with municipalities or other local authorities to construct toilet blocks with government funds.. Local authorities provide land and funds for setting up the services, whereas maintenance costs are sometimes financed through user charges (for example, Re is charged for use of the latrines in the cities). 26 How were the victims of the Bhopal Tragedy cheated out of justice? The victim of the Bhopal gas tragedy didn t get justice. Despite the overwhelming evidence, pointing to UC as responsible for the disaster, it refused to accept responsibility. In the ensuring legal battle, the government represented the victims in a civil case against UC. It filled a $ billion compensation case in 98, but accepted a lowly $470 million in 989. Survivors appealed against the settlement but the Supreme Court ruled that the settlement amount would stand. Even if the UC pays the full compensation set, the lives of the innocent would not come back or they won t come back. 27 Name the type of farming commonly practiced in U.S.A. Give any four features of it. Commercial farming. a) In commercial farming crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in the market. b) The level of technology is high. c) Most of the work is done by machines. d) Most of the work is done by Machines to produce on large scale. e) It can be classified as intensive subsistence and primitive subsistence farming. 28 Explain the factors responsible for establishing cotton textile industry in Ahmedabad in 89? ) Ahmedabad is situated in the heart of a cotton growing area. This ensures easy availability of raw material. 2) The humid climate is ideal for spinning and weaving. ) The flat terrain and easy availability of land is suitable for the establishment of the mills. 4) The densely populated states of Gujarat and Maharashtra provide both skilled and semiskilled labour. ) Well developed road and railway network permits easy transportation of textiles to different +4= VIII A Answer key 4 of +4=
parts of the country, thus providing easy access to the market. 6) Mumbai port nearby facilitates import of machinery and export of cotton textiles. (any) 29 What would the shape of the population pyramid be, if a country has both high birth rate and death rate?. LDC 2. The population pyramid of Kenya is broad at the base and narrow towards the top because many children are born, a large percentage of them die in their infancy, relatively few become adults and there are very few old people.. Diagram 0 MAP WORK 2 MAP WORK VIII A Answer key of