WARM UP 1 Continue working on the New Deal Webquest that we started as a class on Friday 2 If you were absent it can be found on Google Classroom 3 Don t waste my time à you will regret it
THE NEW DEAL
A NEW DEAL FIGHTS THE DEPRESSION I. In the 1932 presidential election Americans wanted serious change The Republicans nominated Hoover despite his low approval rating I The Democrats nominated Franklin Delano Roosevelt who promised the American people a New Deal A. Relief from the Great Depression
ROOSEVELT IS VICTORIOUS I. FDR won the election of 1932 by a wide margin The Democrats also won both houses of Congress A. Greatest Democratic victory in 80 years I Democrats took control of the American government promising relief from the Great Depression FDR easily won the 1932 election
FDR LAUNCHES NEW DEAL I. FDR launched a program he called the New Deal A. A chance to overcome the negative aspects of the Great Depression FDR began his presidency with a ton of political activity that is known as The Hundred Days I During the 100 Days FDR and Congress passed laws to provide Americans with the 3Rs A. Relief, Reform & Recovery
CONGRESS GETS BUSY I. The New Deal focused on getting Americans back to work A. If Americans have jobs, they will have money and the depression will be over FDR s believe the best way to get people help and work was through deficit spending A. Government spending more money than it has to get the economy moving I During the 100 Days Congress passed more than 15 pieces of new legislation that expanded government s role in the nation s economy and welfare A. Trying to get the U.S.A. out the Great Depression
FDR s Fireside Chats I. During the New Deal FDR presented his reforms to the American people through fireside chats FDR used the radios purchased in the 1920 s to discuss his policies with the American people I The fireside chats gained support for the New Deal and grew FDR s popularity
STEP #1- FIX BANKS I. FDR s first order of business was to fix the banking system One day after taking office, FDR declared a bank holiday I Congress passed the Emergency Relief Act, which allowed the Treasury Department to inspect banks A. Good banks were reopened; bad banks remained closed
AMERICAN CONFIDENCE IN BANKS I. FDR then passed the Glass-Steagall Act which established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation The FDIC insured account holders up to $5,000 and set strict standards for banks to follow (today = $100,000) A. FDIC ensures that Americans money will not just vanish like it did in 1929 B. If a bank goes out of business and can t pay people their money the federal government will pay the amount (people trust the banks)
MORE 100 DAYS ACTIVITY I. Federal Securities Act: Required stock info to be accurate and truthful A. Created the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to regulate the stock market (keep it from crashing) Agricultural Adjustment Act: (AAA) Increased crop prices by lowering production A. Paid farmers to not farm à stop overproduction I Tennessee Valley Authority: (TVA) provided direct relief to hard hit area created ambitious dam projects A. Gave men jobs in rural areas to provide employment and stop poverty and depression
I. The TVA provided employment to rural areas of the Tennessee Valley T The TVA built dams to provide electricity to rural areas and control flood waters V I The TVA provided relief to one of the A most impoverished regions of the USA during the depression.
NEW DEAL AGENCIES ASSIGNMENT
ALPHABET AGENCIES I. FDR created governmental organizations to provide employment to the American people. A. FDR s plan was to get Americans back to work and end the depression These organizations were abbreviated with three or four letters and became known as the alphabet agencies I These agencies gave men work and focused on bettering American society
ALPHABET AGENCIES I. CCC Civilian Conservation Corps focused on putting young men to work Men ages 18 to 25 worked building roads, parks, planting trees (200 million trees in Dust Bowl areas) I CCC worked to improve the environment and put men back to work providing relief from the depression
ALPHABET AGENCIES I. The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) was created to fix American industry and get Americans back to work The NIRA created the PWA Public Works Administration I The PWA provided money to states to construct schools and community buildings PWA workers construct a public building in Hartford, Connecticut
ALPHABET AGENCIES I. CWA Civil Works Administration built schools and provided salaries for teachers in rural America Also built 500,000 miles of roads I CWA similarly to the PWA worked to provide services to the American people CWA School in Woodville, CA
ALPHABET AGENCIES I. FHA Federal Housing Administration provided home loans, home mortgages and repairs FHA tried to solve the homelessness problem the U.S.A. faced during the Great Depression Repaired business in Childersburg, Alabama
ALPHABET AGENCIES I. FERA Federal Emergency Relief Agency provided millions in direct relief to the neediest Americans Provided money directly to Americans in poverty during the Great Depression A. Somewhat like welfare I Americans were able to get money to purchase basic necessities to survive the depression Citizens wait outside a FERA in Calipatria, CA for relief checks
CRITICS EMERGE I. Despite the renewed confidence and employment of many Americans critics of the New Deal emerged Liberals (Democrats) felt FDR s program was NOT doing enough I Conservatives (Republicans) felt that government intervention was TOO much and interfered with our economy
SUPREME COURT REACTS The Supreme Court -- 1935 I. By the mid-1930s, the Supreme Court struck down the NIRA as unconstitutional (citing too much government control over industry) I The Court also struck down the AAA on the grounds that agricultural was a local matter -- not a federal matter The SCOTUS believed the New Deal was violating the Constitution
FDR REGAINS CONTROL OVER SUPREME COURT I. During the 1930 s FDR was able to appoint 7 new judges to the Supreme Court FDR appointed judges that supported FDR s New Deal programs and allowed them continue despite being possibly unconstitutional