Now Fix Education and Social Security WHEN WASHINGTON WORKS, INCUMBENTS PROSPER

FOR RELEASE: FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1997, A.M. Now Fix Education and Social Security WHEN WASHINGTON WORKS, INCUMBENTS PROSPER w w w w w Also Inside... Re-election percentages rise. Third party interest slips. Clinton image improves. Budget provisions rated. Thompson hearings ignored. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Andrew Kohut, Director Kimberly Parker, Research Director Claudia Deane, Gregory Flemming, Survey Directors Pew Research Center for The People & The Press 202/293-3126 http://www.people-press.org

Now Fix Education and Social Security WHEN WASHINGTON WORKS, INCUMBENTS PROSPER For the first time in a very long time, Americans are happy with the country s course and it is beginning to pay dividends to the political establishment. Not only are Bill Clinton s approval ratings approaching Reagan s at a comparable point, but support for Congressional incumbents is at a decade high, and interest in a third party has fallen to a 15 year low. A near majority of Americans (49%) are satisfied with the way things are going in the country. That is nearly twice as many as felt that way just a year ago and the first time since the heady days immediately following victory in the Gulf that most of the public is happy with the country s direction. While not paying close attention to the budget debate and Washington policy matters generally, the public is clearly picking up on improving social and economic trends. People not only recognize that unemployment is down (59%) and that the stock market is up (58%), but majorities also no longer see crime and the budget deficit as worsening problems. Political opinions reflect these perceptions. Clinton s approval ratings (59%- 32%) are coming close to Reagan s in the summer of 1986 (63%-28%). This is quite an accomplishment given that Reagan achieved reelection in a 59% landslide, while Clinton failed to win a majority (49%). The Pew Center survey conducted this past weekend also found support for re-electing one s Congressional representative rising to 66%, which is higher than observed in Center and Gallup surveys in 1996, 1994 and 1990. Although neither political party has made gains either in affiliation or in congressional voting intentions, the percentage of Americans thinking a third party is needed tumbled to 47% from 58% a year ago. At the same time, the survey found increased public awareness of bipartisan cooperation and a greater endorsement of divided government than in previous polls. Good News For Incumbents May Feb Jan Sept July June Aug 90 91* 92 93 94 95 97 Satisfaction w/nation: Satisfied 41 66 28 20 24 25 49 Dissatisfied 54 31 68 75 73 73 46 DK 5 3 4 4 3 2 5 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Oct Oct Nov Sept Nov Aug 90* 94 94 96 96 97 My Rep. Deserves Re-Election:" Yes 62 55 58 62 60 66 No 22 30 25 19 16 22 Not running 2 2 1 2 3 0 DK 14 13 16 17 21 12 100 100 100 100 100 100 Sept Jan July Oct July Aug 82 ^ 84 ^ 94 95 96 97 Need For Third Party: Agree 44 41 53 59 58 47 Disagree 44 48 43 37 37 46 DK 12 11 4 4 5 7 100 100 100 100 100 100 * Gallup trend " Based on Registered Voters ^ ABC/Washington Post trend

The President s personal image has been boosted by the budget agreement. While Clinton scandals have not been purged from the public s mind, news about policy issues (23%) is now being spontaneously recalled as often as the President s problems (24%). Earlier in the year, when respondents were asked to cite anything they had heard about the President in the news, scandal mentions (32%), mostly Whitewater, far outweighed policy mentions (10%). In the current survey the budget agreement dominated policy related answers. News about allegations of sexual harassment was more often recalled than Whitewater or the fund raising charges. (In that regard, strong public interest in the campaign finance scandal is half as great as it was before the Thompson hearings began.) The President is getting much higher marks from the public for his abilities, but his personal character evaluations remain low. Fully 64% of Pew respondents Things Americans Have Been Hearing About Clinton In The News Feb Aug 1997 1997 % % Budget agreement -- 13 Alleged sexual harassment -- 12 Paula Jones 6 6 Tax bill -- 6 Whitewater 18 5 UPS strike -- 4 Campaign finance 7 3 Line item veto -- 3 Knee injury -- 2 His travels -- 2 Bad things, don t like him (general) -- 2 Welfare reform 2 1 Personal life (general) 4 1 Weight loss -- 1 Other 11 18 Don t know 47 41 Scandal News (NET) 32 24 Policy News (NET) 10 23 associated the phrase able to get things done with Bill Clinton a 23% point improvement on this measure since the fall of 1994. But, as in earlier surveys, only 47% describe him as trustworthy and 45% as someone who keeps his promises. The Republican Congressional leadership has not reaped any benefits from the positive climate of national opinion. While approval ratings for GOP leaders have rebounded since June, when they slipped following the party s perceived mishandling of the disaster relief bill, their 42%- 44% rating is well below the President s public evaluation and has not increased significantly over the past six months. With a considerable percentage of the public aware of bipartisan cooperation, undoubtably much of this has to do with opinion of Newt Gingrich. The Speaker s favorability rating remains as low as 30%. 2

Budget Legislation Cheered A 75% majority of Americans have heard about the balanced budget legislation passed by Congress and signed into law by President Clinton, and they approve of it overwhelmingly 70% vs. 18% who disapprove and 12% who are undecided. Approval of the budget legislation is strong across the board. Equal proportions of Republicans and Democrats express approval 72%. The tax cuts and spending initiatives hold appeal for upper, middle and lower income Americans, but those making over $50,000 a year show the most enthusiasm. Non-whites are the only group expressing significant opposition to the budget legislation 35% disapprove, while a bare majority (52%) approve. (See table page 20) When asked to rate the importance of the balanced budget legislation relative to other recent government accomplishments, the budget agreement ranks at the top. It is clear that, in spite of cynicism toward government and elected officials, the public truly values several of the initiatives undertaken in recent years. Eight in ten say the Kassebaum-Kennedy health insurance portability bill, which allows people to keep their health insurance even if they lose their job or change jobs, has been very important for Government Initiatives and Accomplishments Most Very Important Important For Me For Country % % Balanced Budget agreement 34 74 Health insurance portability (Kassebaum-Kennedy) 24 82 Family Leave Act 12 68 Minimum wage increase 9 64 Welfare reform 8 67 Tobacco deal 4 52 TV ratings system 3 34 NATO expansion 1 27 the country. Fully 74% rate the budget agreement as very important for the country. The Family Leave Act, welfare reform and the minimum wage increase are also viewed as very important accomplishments by strong majorities of Americans (68%, 67% and 64%, respectively). A narrow majority (52%) view the recent deal between several state attorneys general and the tobacco industry as very important for the country, and even fewer place such value on the new television ratings system advocated by the President (34%) and the decision to expand NATO membership (27%). The balanced budget agreement and the health insurance portability law top the list of government actions that have been most important personally for Americans and their families (34% and 24%, respectively). The Family Leave Act is judged most important by 12% of the public, followed by the minimum wage increase (9%) and welfare reform (8%). 3

Men and women differ significantly in their assessments of the importance of these government initiatives. A plurality of men (41%) say the budget agreement has been most important to them personally. Women are more evenly divided on the issue: 28% name the budget agreement, but an equal proportion cite the Kassebaum-Kennedy bill. Another 14% of women name the Family Leave Act. More affluent Americans also place more value on the balanced budget legislation. Half of those with a college education say the budget agreement has been most important for them personally, compared to 36% of those with some college education and only 27% of those who never attended college. Those with less education tend to place considerably more value on the minimum wage increase than the better educated. But Still, Show Me Despite positive feelings about the legislation, Americans continue to doubt that the budget will actually be balanced by the year 2002. Only 16% think the budget will be balanced, 77% think it will not be down slightly from 85% in May. Assuming the budget is balanced, the public is divided as to what effect this will have on them personally: 43% say a balanced budget is likely to help them and their family financially, 44% say it will not have much impact on them. Very few (8%) believe a balanced budget will hurt them. The public is slightly less optimistic about their own prospects when asked more specifically about the effect of the recent budget agreement. 1 About one third (30%) believe the current budget legislation will help them and their families, more than half (54%) say it will not have much impact on them. Men more than women anticipate positive effects from the budget legislation (35% vs. 26% say they will be helped). Other groups expressing greater optimism include middle aged Americans and college graduates. When asked in what ways the budget agreement will help them and their families, most How Will the Budget Agreement Help You and Your Family? % Net references to tax cuts 52 Tax cuts (general) 36 Capital gains tax cuts 10 Child tax credit 8 Education tax cuts and incentives 6 People will have more money 20 Good for future generations 8 Good for the economy 4 Help lower the debt 3 1 Half the sample was asked, In your opinion, if the federal budget is balanced in five years, do you think this will help you and your family financially, hurt you and your family financially, or not affect you and your family too much? The other half was asked, From what you ve heard or read about the balanced budget agreement, do you think it will help you and your family financially, hurt you and your family financially, or not affect you and your family too much? 4

respondents referred either generally or specifically to the tax cuts included in the legislation. Other reasons given were that people will have more money, that a balanced budget is good for future generations, and that the legislation will further strengthen the economy. The public is fairly well aware of the specific provisions of the budget and tax bills, though certain aspects of the legislation are better known than others. As many as 69% have heard about the $500 per child tax credit heralded by the leaders of both parties in the aftermath of the bill s passage. Nearly as many (65%) were familiar with the tax credits and incentives for higher education. Large majorities have heard of two key changes to the Medicare system limiting payments to hospitals, doctors and other health care providers (64%) and offering new insurance options such as HMOs to the elderly (62%). About half of the poll s respondents had heard of some of the other major provisions in the budget legislation: 53% knew about a new program to finance health care for uninsured children, 50% knew of the restoration of some welfare benefits to legal immigrants, and 47% knew about capital gains tax cuts. Fewer knew about changes in estate taxes (45%) and new rules for IRAs (43%). Provisional Reaction Those who have heard about these provisions express overwhelming approval for most of them. The major exceptions are the restoration of benefits to legal immigrants and certain proposed Medicare changes. The public disapproves of the immigrant benefits provision by a margin of 56% to 39%. On balance the public approves of the Medicare changes, but there is significant opposition to the reduction in payments to health care providers (37% disapprove). Seniors are more resistant to this idea than are those of middle age. One in five Americans disapprove of expanding insurance options for Medicare recipients beyond the traditional fee- Provisions of the Budget Agreement* Heard Disap- About Approve prove DK % % % % 43 New rules for IRAs 92 4 4=100 69 $500 child tax credit 89 8 3=100 Education tax credits/ 65 incentives 88 9 3=100 Health insurance for 53 children 88 9 3=100 45 Estate tax changes 79 16 5=100 New insurance options 62 for Medicare recipients 75 20 5=100 47 Capital gains tax cuts 74 19 7=100 Limits on exemptions 47 for home sales 72 21 7=100 Reduced payments to 64 Medicare providers 54 37 9=100 Restoring benefits to 50 legal immigrants 39 56 5=100 * Approve/disapprove figures are based on those who have heard or read about the provision. 5

for-service approach. Again, seniors are more resistant to the change, 41% disapprove. With the balanced budget agreement enacted, Americans would like Congress and the President to turn to education reform and Social Security. When asked to choose from six pressing national issues, the public showed a very limited appetite for campaign finance reform. A mere 2% of respondents chose that as the issue the nation s leaders should address next. Nearly one third (30%) say the focus should now shift to improving What Should Congress and Clinton Focus on Next? ----Age---- Total <30 30-49 50-64 65+ % % % % % Education 30 46 35 18 12 Social Security 29 19 26 45 31 Poverty 18 21 22 13 12 Medicare 12 8 8 13 26 Race relations 4 5 6 2 4 Campaign finance 2 1 2 4 4 the educational system. A similar proportion (29%) would opt for improving the long term stability of the Social Security system. Eighteen percent say reducing poverty and homelessness should be the next priority, and 12% say Medicare reform. Less than 5% think improving race relations should be the major focus, in spite of Clinton s effort to launch a national dialogue on the issue. While there is a surprising degree of partisan agreement on the legislative agenda, there are significant generational differences. Those under 50 would place education at the top of the agenda, their older counterparts, particularly those age 50-64, place much more value on entitlement reform. Bipartisanship Noticed In recent months significant numbers of Americans have become aware of bipartisan cooperation in Washington. The percentage thinking that the parties are working together is now 43%, compared to 34% in June and only 21% in October 1995, during the days leading up to the government shutdown. 6

Americans are also more likely to approve of divided government now than they have been in the past. Almost twice as many people say it is better to have one party control the White House and the other Congress than say one party should control both. In May 1992, the public was evenly divided between these attitudes. At both times, however, a plurality said it did not matter one way or the other. Increased Support for Divided Government May 1992 Aug 1997 Which is Better? % % President s party controls Congress 26 18 One party controls each 23 32 Doesn t matter 40 42 Can t say 11 8 100 100 Interest in Third Party Slips For the first time in the nineties, less than half of the public agrees that the country should have a third major party. Young people are particularly changed in this regard. Last summer, 70% of those under age 30 wanted a new party; that number has dropped by 17% points. Americans without a high school diploma are also significantly more content with the two party system. In July 1996, half (51%) wanted a third party, now only 31% do. (See table page 22) There are still sharp generational distinctions in the desire for a third party, however. Fully 55% of those under age 50 support the idea of a new party, compared to only 34% of those over age 50. Party Ratings Fall Contentment with the way things have been working in Washington has not improved public assessments of the parties. The Democrats favorability rating has fallen to a 52% to 42% margin from a 61% to 33% margin in June. The Republican party s rating also fell, though somewhat less dramatically: 47% to 47% now compared with 51% to 42% in June. The drop in Democratic favorability has occurred among both Independents and Republicans, though not among Democrats themselves. Independents account for much of the Republicans loss in favorability. Overall, the image of the two parties is mostly unchanged. The Democrats remain identified as the party of the people, and the Republicans are chosen more often as better able to manage the federal government. The GOP margin has slipped somewhat since July 1996 on the latter measure (from a 13% advantage over the Democrats to a 6% advantage). The GOP also maintains an edge as the party more often described as well organized (39% vs. 30% for the Democrats), this despite the recently publicized divisions among Republican House members, to which few Americans paid very close attention (13%). 7

Perhaps the most crucial difference in perception is on the measure of which party can bring about change. The Democrats had the advantage here in the summer before Clinton s reelection, while the Republicans held an edge after their takeover of Congress. In the current poll, however, the parties pull even. Much of the Democrats loss occurs among Independents: 49% said the Democrats could bring about needed changes in 1996, only 35% say so now. Parties As Agents Of Change Which better able to bring about changes: July April July Aug 1994 1995 1996 1997 % % % % Republicans 39 51 39 38 Democrats 42 34 46 40 Both 4 4 2 4 Neither 10 7 7 11 Don t know 5 4 6 7 100 100 100 100 While the Democrats are under heavier fire in the campaign finance hearings, the public has less confidence in both parties capacity to govern in an honest and ethical way. The number of Americans saying neither party is capable of ethical governance has increased from 18% in July 1996 to 26% now. The poll found that Independents have lost confidence in both parties. Democrats are about as likely as a year ago to think their party is more ethical. However, significantly fewer Republicans are willing to choose their party as capable of honest governance. The News Interest Index The slaying of designer Gianni Versace in Miami and the Pathfinder spacecraft's exploration on Mars were the most closely followed news stories of the last month. Americans' interest in news from Washington continues to fall, meanwhile, despite passage of the balanced budget legislation and the start of campaign finance hearings in the Senate. More than one in five Americans (24%) followed Versace's death and the search for suspect Andrew Cunanan very closely, and another 33% fairly closely. Similarly, 22% followed news about the exploration of Mars very closely, and 36% fairly closely. Among these top stories, women paid the closest attention to the Versace slaying (29% following very closely, compared to 19% of men), while men paid more attention to the Mars exploration (24% following very closely, compared to 19% of women). Declining Interest In Washington Policy News % Follow Closely Major Domestic Policy News:* 1993 62 1994 68 1995 56 1996 54 1997 51 Budget Debate: Aug 95 52 Sept 95 55 Jan 96 74 March 96 59 Feb 97 47 May 97 54 Current 48 * Based on a cumulative News Interest Index database. 8

Foreign news is less interesting than national news even when it happens in outer space. Only 14% of Americans paid very close attention to the other space story in the news, the problems aboard the Russian space station Mir. As the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee began its first round of hearings on improper foreign campaign contributions, public interest in the topic fell to its lowest point in eight months. Only one in ten Americans followed the hearings very closely; more than one third (35%) paid almost no attention at all. Interest in the hearings was about the same among Republicans (13% following very closely) and Democrats (10%). In recent years, only the Whitewater and Ruby Ridge hearings have drawn as little public interest as the Thompson hearings. Congressional inquiries into Iran- Contra, the Persian Gulf conflict, and the federal raid in Waco were followed by more people than this summer's campaign finance hearings. Attentiveness to Congressional Hearings Very Fairly Total Closely Closely Closely % % % Hearings About: Iran Contra Affair (9/87) 33 39 72 U.S. Persian Gulf Policy (1/91) 22 36 58 Federal Raid on Waco (8/95) 18 35 53 Whitewater (8/95) 11 26 37 FBI Siege at Ruby Ridge (9/95) 11 26 37 Campaign Contributions (8/97) 10 28 38 Other political stories this month raised only slightly more interest. Some 14% of Americans followed the budget debate very closely, for example, also down from previous months. Only 13% paid very close attention to news about the failed attempt to replace Newt Gingrich as House Speaker. Among recent international events, the reunification of Hong Kong and China drew the most attention, with 14% of Americans following the story very closely and another 34% following fairly closely. But China's historic reunification with Hong Kong clearly had less impact than news closer to home. Fully twice as many Americans 79% knew the name of the ear-biting professional boxer as could name China as the country that had reacquired a former British colony. The Chomp % Percent Who Knew... Tyson bit off part of the ear of his opponent 79 China re-acquired a piece of territory that had been a British colony 40 9

PERCENT FOLLOWING EACH NEWS STORY "VERY CLOSELY" Slaying Exploration Reunification Of Of Of Hong Kong Versace Mars & China (N) Total 24 22 14 (1213) Sex Male 19 24 17 (586) Female 29 19 12 (627) Race White 24 22 14 (1007) *Hispanic 23 27 17 (80) Black 30 19 15 (103) Age Under 30 25 19 11 (250) 30-49 23 20 15 (527) 50+ 26 24 15 (423) Education College Grad. 20 29 20 (379) Some College 27 24 18 (304) High School Grad 26 19 12 (412) < H. S. Grad. 24 15 8 (112) Region East 28 24 15 (211) Midwest 24 22 14 (329) South 25 17 12 (425) West 20 27 18 (248) Party ID Republican 23 23 14 (383) Democrat 29 23 15 (405) Independent 21 20 16 (355) Question: Now I will read a list of some stories covered by news organizations this past month. As I read each item, tell me if you happened to follow this news story very closely, fairly closely, not too closely, or not at all closely. *The designation, Hispanic, is unrelated to the white-black categorization. CONTINUED... 10

PERCENT FOLLOWING EACH NEWS STORY "VERY CLOSELY" Problems with Mir space Budget Gingrich Station Debate Coup (N) Total 14 14 13 (1213) Sex Male 15 16 17 (586) Female 13 12 10 (627) Race White 14 13 12 (1007) *Hispanic 9 17 17 (80) Black 12 25 21 (103) Age Under 30 10 5 4 (250) 30-49 12 14 13 (527) 50+ 19 19 20 (423) Education College Grad. 19 21 18 (379) Some College 17 13 14 (304) High School Grad 12 11 9 (412) < H. S. Grad. 9 12 15 (112) Region East 12 9 13 (211) Midwest 16 15 10 (329) South 14 15 15 (425) West 14 15 16 (248) Party ID Republican 15 14 12 (383) Democrat 13 14 16 (405) Independent 15 13 12 (355) Question: Now I will read a list of some stories covered by news organizations this past month. As I read each item, tell me if you happened to follow this news story very closely, fairly closely, not too closely, or not at all closely. *The designation, Hispanic, is unrelated to the white-black categorization. CONTINUED... 11

PERCENT FOLLOWING EACH NEWS STORY "VERY CLOSELY" Suicide Campaign Bombing in Finance NATO Jerusalem Hearings Expansion (N) Total 12 10 6 (1213) Sex Male 12 10 8 (586) Female 12 10 4 (627) Race White 11 10 5 (1007) *Hispanic 16 11 7 (80) Black 18 13 13 (103) Age Under 30 7 5 2 (250) 30-49 9 8 7 (527) 50+ 19 15 7 (423) Education College Grad. 14 13 8 (379) Some College 11 12 6 (304) High School Grad 11 8 6 (412) < H. S. Grad. 15 9 4 (112) Region East 14 7 7 (211) Midwest 12 10 6 (329) South 14 12 6 (425) West 10 11 5 (248) Party ID Republican 9 13 6 (383) Democrat 14 10 6 (405) Independent 14 9 6 (355) Question: Now I will read a list of some stories covered by news organizations this past month. As I read each item, tell me if you happened to follow this news story very closely, fairly closely, not too closely, or not at all closely. *The designation, Hispanic, is unrelated to the white-black categorization. 12

TABLES 13

PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL June 1997 vs. August 1997 --- June 1997 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Approve Disapprove Approve Disapprove Approval % % % % Total 54 34 59 32 +5 Sex Male 55 35 61 33 +6 Female 54 32 57 31 +3 Race White 51 36 56 35 +5 Non-white 71 20 76 14 +5 Black 74 18 81 8 +7 Race and Sex White Men 53 36 56 37 +3 White Women 50 36 56 33 +6 Age Under 30 54 35 60 31 +6 30-49 57 31 59 32 +2 50-64 44 42 56 38 +12 65+ 59 30 62 27 +3 Education College Grad. 56 33 61 32 +5 Some College 54 36 56 34 +2 High School Grad. 56 29 61 30 +5 <H.S. Grad 49 39 58 32 +9 Family Income $75,000+ 47 49 58 35 +11 $50,000-$74,999 51 38 59 36 +8 $30,000-$49,999 56 32 62 31 +6 $20,000-$29,999 54 31 59 33 +5 <$20,000 59 28 60 27 +1 Question: Do you approve or disapprove of the way Bill Clinton is handling his job as President? [IF DK ENTER AS DK. IF DEPENDS PROBE ONCE WITH: Overall do you approve or disapprove of the way Bill Clinton is handling his job as President? IF STILL DEPENDS ENTER AS DK] Continued... 14

--- June 1997 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Approve Disapprove Approve Disapprove Approval % % % % Total 54 34 59 32 +5 Region East 62 26 66 28 +4 Midwest 56 31 59 32 +3 South 50 38 60 30 +10 West 51 36 50 38-1 Community Size Large City 60 29 66 24 +6 Suburb 50 36 56 36 +6 Small City/Town 58 30 60 30 +2 Rural Area 47 40 55 37 +8 Party ID Republican 30 60 35 58 +5 Democrat 79 12 84 10 +5 Independent 52 33 57 32 +5 1996 Presidential Vote Clinton 80 10 90 6 +10 Dole 16 75 21 74 +5 1996 Congressional Vote Republican 27 62 34 60 +7 Democrat 77 14 80 16 +3 15

TREND IN GOP CONGRESS JOB APPROVAL June 1997 vs. August 1997 --- June 1997 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Approve Disapprove Approve Disapprove Approval % % % % Total 33 50 41 44 +8 Sex Male 37 52 43 47 +6 Female 30 48 40 42 +10 Race White 35 47 44 42 +17 Non-white 27 63 25 58-2 Black 23 68 25 58 +2 Race and Sex White Men 38 50 47 44 +9 White Women 32 45 42 40 +10 Age Under 30 40 45 49 38 +9 30-49 35 49 44 44 +9 50-64 33 55 37 51 +4 65+ 21 55 31 46 +10 Education College Grad. 33 54 44 46 +11 Some College 32 56 47 40 +15 High School Grad. 36 46 44 43 +8 <H.S. Grad 32 46 24 50-8 Family Income $75,000+ 37 54 50 45 +13 $50,000-$74,999 40 52 50 41 +10 $30,000-$49,999 37 48 49 42 +12 $20,000-$29,999 35 49 41 47 +6 <$20,000 26 51 29 48 +3 Question: Do you approve or disapprove of the job the Republican leaders in Congress are doing? [IF DK ENTER AS DK. IF DEPENDS PROBE ONCE WITH: Overall do you approve or disapprove of the job Republican leaders in Congress are doing? IF STILL DEPENDS ENTER AS DK] Continued... 16

--- June 1997 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Approve Disapprove Approve Disapprove Approval % % % % Total 33 50 41 44 +8 Region East 30 52 44 45 +14 Midwest 34 45 44 43 +10 South 30 53 41 42 +11 West 42 46 37 48-5 Community Size Large City 35 48 37 50 +2 Suburb 33 52 43 45 +10 Small City/Town 35 50 40 45 +5 Rural Area 30 49 47 38 +17 Party ID Republican 55 34 63 29 +8 Democrat 18 68 25 60 +7 Independent 31 48 40 46 +9 1996 Presidential Vote Clinton 22 65 31 57 +9 Dole 51 38 67 28 +16 1996 Congressional Vote Republican 49 40 64 29 +15 Democrat 17 73 22 66 +5 17

SATISFACTION WITH THE WAY THINGS ARE GOING IN THIS COUNTRY July 1996 vs. August 1997 --- July 1996 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Satisfied Dissatisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Satisfaction % % % % Total 29 67 49 46 +20 Sex Male 32 64 54 43 +22 Female 27 70 44 49 +17 Race White 29 68 50 45 +21 Non-white 33 61 46 51 +13 Black 30 64 44 52 +14 Age Under 30 32 65 48 49 +16 30-49 31 66 52 44 +21 50-64 28 67 47 48 +19 65+ 24 71 48 44 +24 Education College Grad. 41 55 64 31 +23 Some College 31 64 54 42 +23 High School Grad. 26 70 42 54 +16 <H.S. Grad 19 76 42 53 +23 Family Income $75,000+ 42 56 62 33 +20 $50,000-$74,999 28 69 62 36 +34 $30,000-$49,999 32 64 52 44 +20 $20,000-$29,999 30 67 46 51 +16 <$20,000 25 70 38 56 +13 Question: All in all, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the way things are going in this country today? Continued... 18

--- July 1996 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Satisfied Dissatisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Satisfaction % % % % Total 29 67 49 46 +20 Region East 36 61 52 43 +15 Midwest 26 72 52 42 +26 South 27 69 46 51 +19 West 30 63 48 47 +18 Community Size Large City 35 61 49 47 +14 Suburb 35 62 56 40 +21 Small City/Town 24 71 46 49 +22 Rural Area 26 71 46 48 +20 Party ID Republican 23 75 44 51 +21 Democrat 39 55 58 37 +19 Independent 26 69 46 50 +20 Clinton Approval Approve 41 54 62 34 +21 Disapprove 14 84 29 67 +15 No opinion 21 72 39 48 +18 19

APPROVAL OF BALANCED BUDGET LEGISLATION (Based on Those Who Have Heard of It) Approve Disapprove DK (N) % % % Total 70 18 12=100 (934) Sex Male 73 19 8 (477) Female 65 18 17 (457) Race White 72 16 12 (788) Non-white 52 35 13 (141) Black 53 34 13 (74) Race and Sex White Men 77 16 7 (405) White Women 67 15 18 (383) Age Under 30 68 22 10 (142) 30-49 71 17 12 (410) 50-64 72 17 11 (204) 65+ 64 21 15 (168) Education College Grad. 76 14 10 (322) Some College 72 16 12 (242) High School Grad. 67 19 14 (291) <H.S. Grad 60 27 13 (75) Family Income $75,000+ 76 14 10 (140) $50,000-$74,999 79 13 8 (142) $30,000-$49,999 72 18 10 (256) $20,000-$29,999 70 18 12 (142) <$20,000 62 26 12 (159) Question: [ASKED OF THOSE WHO HAD HEARD OF LEGISLATION] From what you ve heard or read, would you say you approve or disapprove of the balanced budget legislation? Continued... 20

Approve Disapprove DK (N) % % % Total 70 18 12=100 (934) Region East 68 19 13 (169) Midwest 69 20 11 (261) South 69 18 13 (315) West 70 17 13 (189) Community Size Large City 70 19 11 (181) Suburb 69 21 10 (234) Small City/Town 71 18 11 (321) Rural Area 67 15 18 (192) Party ID Republican 72 18 10 (307) Democrat 72 19 9 (310) Independent 66 20 14 (269) 1996 Presidential Vote Clinton 74 16 10 (337) Dole 77 14 9 (221) 1996 Congressional Vote Republican 75 14 11 (298) Democrat 74 18 8 (243) 21

SUPPORT FOR THIRD POLITICAL PARTY July 1996 vs. August 1997 --- July 1996 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Agree Disagree Agree Disagree Agree % % % % % Total 58 37 47 46-11 Sex Male 63 34 50 45-13 Female 54 39 44 48-10 Race White 59 35 49 44-10 Non-white 53 43 36 57-17 Black 50 47 35 58-15 Age Under 30 70 28 53 43-17 30-49 62 33 56 37-6 50-64 53 43 38 56-15 65+ 39 50 29 64-10 Education College Grad. 58 37 52 41-6 Some College 65 32 54 38-11 High School Grad. 58 38 47 47-11 <H.S. Grad 51 38 31 62-20 Family Income $75,000+ 51 42 49 47-2 $50,000-$74,999 67 31 55 38-12 $30,000-$49,999 62 34 51 46-11 $20,000-$29,999 62 34 48 46-14 <$20,000 51 42 41 50-10 Question: Some people say we should have a third major political party in this country in addition to the Democrats and the Republicans. Do you agree or disagree? Continued... 22

--- July 1996 --- --- August 1997 --- Change in Agree Disagree Agree Disagree Agree % % % % % Total 58 37 47 46-11 Region East 62 33 51 44-11 Midwest 61 31 46 48-15 South 52 44 42 49-10 West 60 34 52 42-8 Community Size Large City 58 37 50 46-8 Suburb 59 37 52 44-7 Small City/Town 56 39 42 49-14 Rural Area 61 30 50 44-11 Party ID Republican 50 45 47 47-3 Democrat 50 45 40 54-10 Independent 74 23 59 36-15 Clinton Approval Approve 58 37 44 51-14 Disapprove 59 37 53 42-6 23

SURVEY METHODOLOGY 24

ABOUT THIS SURVEY Results for the survey are based on telephone interviews conducted under the direction of Princeton Survey Research Associates among a nationwide sample of 1,213 adults, 18 years of age or older, during the period August 7-10,1997. For results based on the total sample, one can say with 95% confidence that the error attributable to sampling and other random effects is plus or minus 3 percentage points. For results based on either Form 1 (N=610) or Form 2 (N=603), the sampling error is plus or minus 4.5 percentage points. In addition to sampling error, one should bear in mind that question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of opinion polls. copyright 1997 Tides Center 25

SURVEY METHODOLOGY IN DETAIL The sample for this survey is a random digit sample of telephone numbers selected from telephone exchanges in the continental United States. The random digit aspect of the sample is used to avoid "listing" bias and provides representation of both listed and unlisted numbers (including not-yet-listed). The design of the sample ensures this representation by random generation of the last two digits of telephone numbers selected on the basis of their area code, telephone exchange, and bank number. The telephone exchanges were selected with probabilities proportional to their size. The first eight digits of the sampled telephone numbers (area code, telephone exchange, bank number) were selected to be proportionally stratified by county and by telephone exchange within county. That is, the number of telephone numbers randomly sampled from within a given county is proportional to that county's share of telephone households in the U.S. Estimates of the number of telephone households within each county are derived from 1990 Census data on residential telephone incidence that have been updated with state-level information on new telephone installations and county-level projections of the number of households. Only working banks of telephone numbers are selected. A working bank is defined as 100 contiguous telephone numbers containing three or more residential listings. The sample was released for interviewing in replicates. Using replicates to control the release of sample to the field ensures that the complete call procedures are followed for the entire sample. At least four attempts were made to complete an interview at every sampled telephone number. The calls were staggered over times of day and days of the week to maximize the chances of making a contact with a potential respondent. All interview breakoffs and refusals were re-contacted at least once in order to attempt to convert them to completed interviews. In each contacted household, interviewers asked to speak with the "youngest male 18 or older who is at home". If there is no eligible man at home, interviewers asked to speak with "the oldest woman 18 or older who lives in the household". This systematic respondent selection technique has been shown empirically to produce samples that closely mirror the population in terms of age and gender. Non-response in telephone interview surveys produces some known biases in survey-derived estimates because participation tends to vary for different subgroups of the population, and these subgroups are likely to vary also on questions of substantive interest. In order to compensate for these known biases, the sample data are weighted in analysis. The demographic weighting parameters are derived from a special analysis of the most recently available Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (March 1994). This analysis produced population parameters for the demographic characteristics of households with adults 18 or older, which are then compared with the sample characteristics to construct sample weights. The analysis only included households in the continental United States that contain a telephone. The weights are derived using an iterative technique that simultaneously balances the distributions of all weighting parameters. 26

THE QUESTIONNAIRE 27

PEW RESEARCH CENTER FOR THE PEOPLE AND THE PRESS AUGUST 1997 NEWS INTEREST INDEX -- FINAL TOPLINE -- August 7-10, 1997 N = 1,213 Hello, I am calling for Princeton Survey Research Associates in Princeton, New Jersey. We are conducting a telephone opinion survey for leading newspapers and TV stations around the country. I'd like to ask a few questions of the youngest male, 18 years of age or older, who is now at home. [IF NO MALE, ASK: May I please speak with the oldest female, 18 years of age or older, who is now at home?] Q.1 Do you approve or disapprove of the way Bill Clinton is handling his job as President? [IF DK ENTER AS DK. IF DEPENDS PROBE ONCE WITH: Overall do you approve or disapprove of the way Bill Clinton is handling his job as President? IF STILL DEPENDS ENTER AS DK] Approve Disapprove Don't Know August, 1997 59 32 9=100 June, 1997 54 34 12=100 May, 1997 57 34 9=100 April, 1997 55 34 11=100 February, 1997 60 32 8=100 Early February, 1997 57 30 13=100 January, 1997 59 31 10=100 November, 1996 57 34 9=100 July, 1996 54 38 8=100 June, 1996 54 38 8=100 April, 1996 53 39 8=100 March, 1996 55 38 7=100 February, 1996 51 39 10=100 January, 1996 50 43 7=100 October, 1995 48 42 10=100 September, 1995 45 42 13=100 August, 1995 44 44 12=100 June, 1995 50 40 10=100 April, 1995 47 43 10=100 March, 1995 44 44 12=100 February, 1995 44 44 12=100 December, 1994 41 47 12=100 November, 1994 48 40 12=100 October, 1994 41 47 12=100 Early October, 1994 38 47 15=100 September, 1994 41 52 7=100 July, 1994 45 46 9=100 June, 1994 42 44 14=100 May, 1994 46 42 12=100 March, 1994 45 42 13=100 January, 1994 51 35 14=100 Early January, 1994 48 35 17=100 28

Q.1 con't... Approve Disapprove Don't Know December, 1993 48 36 16=100 October, 1993 44 42 14=100 September, 1993 49 35 16=100 Early September, 1993 43 43 14=100 August, 1993 39 46 15=100 May, 1993 39 43 18=100 Early May, 1993 45 37 18=100 April, 1993 49 29 22=100 February, 1993 56 25 19=100 Q.2 Do you approve or disapprove of the job the Republican leaders in Congress are doing? [IF DK ENTER AS DK. IF DEPENDS PROBE ONCE WITH: Overall do you approve or disapprove of the job the Republican leaders in Congress are doing? IF STILL DEPENDS ENTER AS DK] Approve Disapprove Don t know August, 1997 42 44 14=100 June, 1997 33 50 17=100 May, 1997 40 44 16=100 April, 1997 40 44 16=100 February, 1997 44 42 14=100 January, 1997 38 47 15=100 November, 1996 40 43 17=100 July, 1996 38 48 14=100 June, 1996 36 50 14=100 April, 1996 39 46 15=100 March, 1996 35 51 14=100 February, 1996 33 53 14=100 January, 1996 36 54 10=100 October, 1995 36 51 13=100 September, 1995 36 50 14=100 August, 1995 38 45 17=100 June, 1995 41 45 14=100 April, 1995 44 43 13=100 March 1995 43 39 18=100 December, 1994 52 28 20=100 29

Q.3 Can you recall anything you have heard or read about Bill Clinton in the news recently? (ACCEPT MULTIPLE RESPONSES; PROBE ONCE) Feb 1997 24 SCANDAL (NET) 32 18 Sexual Harassment (Net) -- 11 Sexual harassment (unspecified) -- 6 Paula Jones 6 1 Accused of harassment by woman in White House -- 5 Whitewater 18 3 Campaign Finance 7 23 DOMESTIC POLICY (NET) 10 19 Balanced Budget (Net) -- 13 Budget agreement -- 6 Tax bill -- 3 Line item veto -- 4 UPS Strike -- 1 Welfare Reform 2 2 Bad things, Don t like him (general) -- 2 Knee Injury -- 2 His Travels -- 1 Personal Life (general) 4 1 Weight Loss -- 18 Other 11 41 Don't know/no answer 47 30

Q.4 All in all, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the way things are going in this country today? Satisfied Dissatisfied No Opinion August, 1997 49 46 5=100 January, 1997 38 58 4=100 July, 1996 29 67 4=100 March, 1996 28 70 2=100 October, 1995 23 73 4=100 June, 1995 25 73 2=100 April, 1995 23 74 3=100 July, 1994 24 73 3=100 March, 1994 24 71 5=100 October, 1993 22 73 5=100 September, 1993 20 75 4=100 May, 1993 22 71 7=100 January, 1993 39 50 11=100 January, 1992 28 68 4=100 November, 1991 34 61 5=100 Late February, 1991 (Gallup) 66 31 3=100 August, 1990 47 48 5=100 May, 1990 41 54 5=100 January, 1989 45 50 5=100 September, 1988 50 45 5=100 May, 1988 41 54 5=100 January, 1988 39 55 6=100 ON ANOTHER SUBJECT... Q.4a Do you happen to know the name of the professional boxer who bit off part of the ear of his opponent in a recent championship bout? 79 Mike Tyson 4 Other answer 17 DK/Refused 100 Q.4b Can you name the country which recently re-acquired a piece of territory that had been a British colony? 40 China 12 Other answer 48 DK/Refused 100 31

Q.5 Now I will read a list of some stories covered by news organizations this past month. As I read each item, tell me if you happened to follow this news story very closely, fairly closely, not too closely, or not at all closely? [READ AND ROTATE LIST] Very Fairly Not too Not at all (VOL) Closely Closely Closely Closely DK a. The debate in Washington about the federal budget 14 34 25 26 1=100 May, 1997 16 38 23 22 1=100 February, 1997 19 28 22 29 2=100 March, 1996 24 35 23 18 *=100 January, 1996 32 42 17 9 *=100 September, 1995 20 35 27 18 *=100 August, 1995 2 18 34 27 20 1=100 b. Senate hearings on improper foreign campaign contributions 10 28 26 35 1=100 May, 1997 3 18 33 23 25 1=100 April, 1997 19 37 22 21 1=100 February, 1997 4 18 27 21 33 1=100 January, 1997 17 29 26 28 *=100 December, 1996 22 26 22 30 *=100 c. An attempt by some Republican House members to replace Newt Gingrich as Speaker 13 27 28 31 1=100 d. The problems aboard the Russian space station Mir 14 39 24 23 *=100 e. The exploration of the planet Mars by the Pathfinder spacecraft 22 36 23 19 *=100 f. The slaying of designer Gianni Versace and the search for the suspect, Andrew Cunanan 24 33 24 19 *=100 g. The expansion of NATO to include Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic 5 6 16 31 46 1=100 April, 1997 6 16 27 50 1=100 January, 1997 5 15 32 47 1=100 2 3 4 5 In this month the story was listed as "The debate in Congress over the federal budget." In this month story was listed as Charges of improper campaign contributions to the Democrats by foreign business interests. In previous months story was listed as "Charges of improper campaign contributions to the Democrats by Indonesian business interests." In previous months story was listed as The discussion and debate about expanding NATO into Eastern Europe. 32

Q.5 con t... Very Fairly Not too Not at all (VOL) Closely Closely Closely Closely DK h. The reunification of Hong Kong and China 14 34 23 28 1=100 i. The suicide bombing by Palestinian terrorists in a Jerusalem market 12 28 31 29 *=100 ON ANOTHER SUBJECT... Q.6 If the elections for U.S. Congress were being held TODAY, would you vote for the Republican Party's candidate or the Democratic Party's candidate for Congress in your district? IF RESPONDENT ANSWERED "3" OR "9" IN Q.6, ASK: Q.6a As of TODAY, do you LEAN more to the Republican or the Democrat? BASED ON REGISTERED VOTERS: [N=904] Early Late Early Early Nov Oct Sept Sept July June March Jan Oct Aug Nov Oct Oct Sept July 1996 6 1996 1996 1996 1996 1996 1996 1996 1995 1995 1994 1994 1994 1994 1994 45 Rep/Lean Rep 44 42 43 43 46 44 44 46 48 50 45 47 52 48 45 48 Dem/Lean Dem 48 49 49 51 47 50 49 47 48 43 43 44 40 46 47 7 Other/Undecided 8 9 8 6 7 6 7 7 4 7 12 9 8 6 8 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 6 Based on Likely Voters. 33

ON A DIFFERENT SUBJECT... ASK OF FORM 1 ONLY: [N=610] Q.7F1 Now I'd like your views on some people and things in the news. As I read from a list, please tell me which category best describes your overall opinion of who or what I name. (First,) would you say your overall opinion of... (INSERT ITEM; ROTATE) is very favorable, mostly favorable, mostly UNfavorable, or very unfavorable? (INTERVIEWERS: PROBE TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN "NEVER HEARD OF" AND "CAN'T RATE") Very Mostly Mostly Very Never Favor- Favor- Unfavor- Unfavor- Heard Can't able able able able Of Rate a. Bill Clinton 16 45 21 17 0 1=100 April, 1997 17 44 21 16 * 2=100 January, 1997 17 49 18 14 * 2=100 October, 1996 7 12 45 22 19 0 2=100 June, 1996 16 45 23 14 * 2=100 April, 1996 16 41 24 16 0 3=100 February, 1996 20 35 22 21 0 2=100 January, 1996 13 43 27 15 0 2=100 August, 1995 13 36 29 20 0 2=100 February, 1995 14 41 25 17 0 3=100 December, 1994 17 34 24 22 0 3=100 July, 1994 15 43 25 16 * 1=100 May, 1993 18 42 23 12 0 5=100 July, 1992 17 42 25 9 0 7=100 June, 1992 10 36 33 14 1 6=100 May, 1992 11 42 32 10 * 5=100 March, 1992 10 43 29 11 1 6=100 February, 1992 15 44 24 7 2 8=100 January, 1992 9 28 11 4 27 21=100 November, 1991 5 25 8 2 39 21=100 b. Al Gore 15 39 22 15 1 8=100 April, 1997 12 45 24 12 1 6=100 January, 1997 18 47 21 8 1 5=100 July, 1994 18 49 19 7 2 5=100 August, 1992 22 44 15 5 2 12=100 July, 1992 8 15 32 14 5 6 28=100 September, 1987 6 23 11 3 23 34=100 c. Newt Gingrich 6 24 35 27 2 6=100 April, 1997 5 23 36 28 3 5=100 January, 1997 4 24 39 26 2 5=100 August, 1995 9 21 29 25 4 12=100 February, 1995 12 29 22 15 10 12=100 December, 1994 7 18 15 13 30 17=100 July, 1994 2 12 8 4 65 9=100 7 8 October 1996 trend based on registered voters. July 1992 trend based on 461 respondents asked on July 9, 1992 only. 34

Q.7F1 con't... Very Mostly Mostly Very Never Favor- Favor- Unfavor- Unfavor- Heard Can't able able able able Of Rate d. Congress 6 44 33 11 0 6=100 June, 1997 4 48 34 8 0 6=100 May, 1997 5 44 32 10 * 9=100 February, 1997 6 46 31 9 * 8=100 January, 1997 6 50 32 8 * 4=100 June, 1996 6 39 38 12 * 5=100 April, 1996 6 39 37 13 0 5=100 January, 1996 4 38 38 16 * 4=100 October, 1995 4 38 42 13 0 3=100 August, 1995 5 40 34 13 * 7=100 June, 1995 8 45 31 11 * 5=100 February, 1995 10 44 27 10 0 9=100 July, 1994 7 46 34 9 * 4=100 May, 1993 8 35 35 13 0 9=100 November, 1991 7 44 34 9 0 6=100 May, 1990 6 53 25 9 1 6=100 May, 1988 8 56 23 5 0 8=100 January, 1988 6 58 25 4 0 7=100 May, 1987 10 64 16 4 * 6=100 January, 1987 7 52 23 8 0 10=100 June, 1985 9 58 21 5 * 7=100 e. The Democratic Party 11 41 32 10 0 6=100 June, 1997 10 51 25 8 * 6=100 January, 1997 13 47 28 7 * 5=100 October, 1995 9 40 37 11-3=100 July, 1994 13 49 27 7 * 4=100 May, 1993 14 43 25 9 0 9=100 July, 1992 17 44 24 9 * 6=100 f. The Republican Party 9 38 36 11 * 6=100 June, 1997 8 43 31 11 1 6=100 January, 1997 8 44 33 10 * 5=100 October, 1995 10 42 28 16 * 4=100 July, 1994 12 51 25 8 * 4=100 May, 1993 12 42 25 10 0 11=100 July, 1992 9 37 31 17 * 6=100 35

Q.9 Generally, what's the better situation: that a President's political party also have a controlling majority in Congress OR is it better that one party control the White House, while the other party controls the Congress...or don't you think it matters too much one way or the other? May 1992 18 President's party also control Congress 26 32 One party control each 23 42 Doesn't matter 40 8 Can't say 11 100 100 -- NO QUESTION 10 -- Q.11 As I read some pairs of opposite phrases, tell me which ONE best reflects your impression of Bill Clinton. (First,) does Bill Clinton impress you as... (READ AND ROTATE) Sept July Dec Aug Jan 1994 1994 1993 1993 1993 a. 47 Trustworthy or 47 46 56 56 63 47 Not trustworthy 49 49 35 37 29 2 (DO NOT READ) Neither particularly 3 2 3 2 3 4 (DO NOT READ) Don't know/refused 1 3 6 5 5 100 100 100 100 100 100 Sept July Dec Aug 1994 1994 1993 1993 b. 64 Able to get things done or 41 40 63 36 29 Not able to get things done 54 56 27 54 3 (DO NOT READ) Neither particularly 5 2 5 6 4 (DO NOT READ) Don't know/refused 0 2 5 4 100 100 100 100 100 July Dec Aug 1994 1993 1993 c. 31 Liberal, 37 32 38 52 Middle of the road or 47 49 44 12 Conservative 13 12 11 1 (DO NOT READ) Neither particularly 1 2 2 4 (DO NOT READ) Don't know/refused 2 5 5 100 100 100 100 d. 45 Keeps his promises or 36 41 32 46 Doesn't keep his promises 56 42 53 5 (DO NOT READ) Neither particularly 3 7 8 4 (DO NOT READ) Don't know/refused 5 10 7 100 100 100 100 36

ON A DIFFERENT SUBJECT... Q.12 Would you like to see your Representative in Congress be re-elected in the next congressional election, or not? BASED ON REGISTERED VOTERS: [N=904] Early Late Early Early ---Gallup--- Nov Oct Sept Sept Nov Oct Oct Oct 25-28 1996 1996 1996 1996 1994 1994 1994 1990 66 Yes 60 62 55 62 58 55 49 62 22 No 16 19 17 19 25 30 29 22 Congressman is 0 not running (VOL) 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 12 No opinion 21 17 26 17 16 13 20 14 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Q.12a Regardless of how you feel about your own Representative, would you like to see most members of Congress re-elected in the next congressional election, or not? BASED ON REGISTERED VOTERS: [N=904] Early Late Early Sept Nov Oct Oct 1996 1994 1994 1994 45 Yes 43 31 31 28 42 No 43 51 56 56 13 Don t know/refused 14 18 13 16 100 100 100 100 100 Q.13 Now, I'm going to read you some phrases. Please tell me if you think each one better describes the REPUBLICAN Party and its leaders or the DEMOCRATIC Party and its leaders. (First,) which party do you think is better described by the phrase... (INSERT ITEM; ROTATE START) Republican Democratic Both Don't Party Party Equally Neither Know a. Able to manage the Federal government well 39 33 4 16 8=100 July, 1996 45 32 4 12 7=100 April, 1995 49 30 3 13 5=100 July, 1994 43 31 4 17 5=100 May, 1990 28 20 12 31 9=100 May, 1988 33 30 10 17 10=100 January, 1988 30 28 12 20 10=100 May, 1987 24 25 13 28 10=100 37

Q.13 con't... Republican Democratic Both Don't Party Party Equally Neither Know b. Can bring about the kind of changes the country needs 38 40 4 11 7=100 July, 1996 39 46 2 7 6=100 April, 1995 51 34 4 7 4=100 July, 1994 39 42 4 10 5=100 May, 1990 27 31 13 18 11=100 May, 1988 27 43 9 11 10=100 January, 1988 28 37 14 11 10=100 May, 1987 26 36 14 14 10=100 c. Is concerned with the needs of people like me 31 49 3 10 7=100 July, 1996 35 50 2 7 6=100 April, 1995 39 49 2 7 3=100 July, 1994 35 49 4 8 4=100 May, 1990 21 42 12 18 7=100 May, 1988 23 51 8 11 7=100 January, 1988 22 47 11 13 7=100 d. Governs in an honest and ethical way 28 33 5 26 8=100 July, 1996 38 37 2 18 5=100 April, 1995 35 36 4 19 6=100 July, 1994 32 35 6 21 6=100 e. Well organized 39 30 6 16 9=100 July, 1996 40 35 9 9 7=100 July, 1994 48 27 7 13 5=100 May, 1990 40 16 22 13 9=100 May, 1988 39 23 15 14 9=100 January, 1988 38 20 19 14 9=100 May, 1987 34 19 25 13 9=100 Q.14 This year, have Republicans and Democrats in Washington been working together more to solve problems, OR have they been bickering and opposing one another more than usual? June Oct Aug 1997 1995 1993 43 Working together more 34 21 20 46 Opposing each other more 49 72 57 3 Same as in past (VOL) 6 3 13 8 Don't know/refused 11 4 10 100 100 100 100 38