Ordered Government Gov t was needed to maintain peace Limited Government*********** Gov t is not all powerful Power is limited to what the people give to it Representative Government Gov t should serve the will of the people people have the responsibility to participate
Magna Carta 1215 Barons forced King John I to sign Protection rights of the people Trial by jury Protected life, liberty, & property Limited power of the king http://teachertube.com/viewvideo.php?title=magna_ Carta&video_id=114193
The P of R Limited the power of the king even more Trial by jury No boarding of troops in private homes
Right to petition the king Fair trial No excessive bail No cruel of unusual punishment
The United States Built on Changed Added to the ideas of the English System of Gov t
Established over a 125 year period for a variety of reasons 13 British Colonies VA,NC,SC,GA,MD,DE,P A,RI,NJ,NY,CT,MA,NH
COLONY NAME YEAR FOUNDED FOUNDED BY Reason Virginia 1607 London Company Trade Massachusetts 1620 Puritans Religious Freedom New Hampshire 1623 John Wheelwright Freedom from harsh rules in MA Maryland 1634 Lord Baltimore Religious Freedom for Catholics Connecticut c. 1635 Thomas Hooker Religious Freedom Rhode Island 1636 Roger Williams Religious Freedom Delaware 1638 Peter Minuit and New Sweden Co. Trade North Carolina 1653 Virginians South Carolina 1663 Eight Nobles Trade Trade New Jersey 1664 Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret Trade New York 1664 Duke of York Trade Pennsylvania 1682 William Penn Trade & religious freedom for Quakers Georgia 1732 James Edward Oglethorpe Debtors, Buffer against FL, religious freedom
Royal- Colony under the direct control of the king King named a Governor *Strict Control* 8 of 13 colonies
Proprietary- 3 Organized by a person to whom the king had given the land Gov t similar to royal colonies except the proprietor chose the Governor Ex. Pennsylvania Owned by William Penn Quaker King owed money Gave land in America
Charter- 2 Charter given to the colonists to establish a colony Self Governing- elected their own governor and legislature had the most freedom
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=etroxvrfoky
1 st founding document Written by T. Jefferson and revised by Congress Natural rights of all Men- Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness Government should guarantee those rights If not get rid of it Popular Sovereignty- People are the source of governments power
First Government of the US Confederation- alliance of independent states Very weak central government Most power held by the states States ignored the central government Not Strong enough to hold the country together!
1.What was the Articles of Confederation? 2.What was the sole body created by the Articles? 3. Define Unicameral. 4. Why was Shay s Rebellion so important to US History? 5. Which was a major weakness of the A of C? A. the economy was controlled by bankers B. Farmers had too much power C. the states had too little power D. Congress could not tax the states
Confederation Articles of Confederation Ratification Framers Federalism Federalist Antifederalist Unicameral Bicameral Delegate Popular sovereignty
1787- Philadelphia Convention 55 Delegates from 12 of the 13 states met in Philadelphia to revise the Article of Confederation These delegates are known as the Framers Decided to scrap the A of C and write a new Constitution Not an easy process North vs. South Big States vs. Small States Industrial vs. Agricultural Strong Government vs. Weak Government
Many Compromises made Connecticut Compromise- Determined how states would represented in Congress Bicameral Congress House of Representatives- based on population Senate equal for all states 3/5 Compromise- allowed the South to count slaves as part of their population Slaves counted 3/5 th of a person Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise- No taxes on exports No limit on the slave trade for 20 years
Ratification- to formally adopt 9 of 13 states required Federalists- supported the new Constitution James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, G. Washington US needed strong central gov t Anti-Federalists- opposed the new Constitution Patrick Henry, Sam Adams, Thomas Jefferson Too much power for the Central Gov t and too little for the states Take away our rights
Federalist Papers- articles written to explain the Constitution to the citizens of New York To make the A.F. happy they promised to add a Bill of Rights to the Constitution First 10 Amendments (changes) to the Constitution Listed rights that the government could not take away Civil Rights rights that every citizen has.