VILLAGE OF CARE FOR MIGRANT WORKERS (DESBUMI): LOCAL INITIATIVES TO PROTECT INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKERS, A COLLABORATION BETWEEN CSO AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT IDM 2018 Anis Hidayah Migrant CARE
General Overview The feminization of migration: The demographics of female migrant workers are ever increasing and becoming more vulnerable to gender-based violence. The legal framework for labor migration policy in Indonesia: Does not effectively protect women migrant workers. In fact, it is exploitative towards women High-cost migration scheme and a monopoly by private sectors Scheme is centralized and gender-blind Continuing the impunity The migration scheme nearly ends up with the practice of trafficking and slavery The number of Indonesian citizens who became victims of modern slavery in 2014 increased by more than 300%! In 2013, the number was 210,970, and in 2014 it rose to 714,300 (GLOBAL SLAVERY INDEX reports 2014, Walk Free http://www.globalslaveryindex.org/country/indonesia The Total of Remittance in 2016 is about USD 8.860 Billion Corruption
Failure to Implement Protection Protection is understood partially and in an ad hoc manner, "case by case approach" It is often too REACTIVE, or even late
Treated as Commodity
Why do villages become a start? Villages as the first area of recruitment due to: The lack of commitment: no data, village apparatus as brokers The weakness of potential victims (poorness, limited education, limited information, limited employment access, women, drop-out, domestic violence, child marriage, divorce)
The Momentum Momentum Village Law As Basis Village Law as a legal basis The ratification of migrant workers convention (the Law No. 6/2012) as an instrument of human rights enforcement for migrant workers and members of their families The goal of sustainable development (SDGs) Developing the suburb areas (fighting against a centralized migration scheme and private monopoly) The obligation of "State of Presence (Nawacita) Village as an public administration and service for society Promoting the economic welfare for society Utilizing the village fund The convenience, availability and accuracy of Access to information The democratization of village governance Demanding the participation of society
Why Village of Care for Migrant Workers (DESBUMI)? Migration issues which initially start from villages are left behind and excluded from the establishment of migration policies. Issues Potentials Challenges Opportunities - Villages do not have the data on their society who work overseas - The falsification of documents - The village apparatus also play as brokers - Villages do not provide information regarding safe migration - Close to the society - The information sources are accurate - Village fund - The hegemony of private agencies to exploit - Potential corruption - The capacity of village apparatus - The lack of public awareness of their rights - Sustainability - The change of paradigm that the village is public service or the transformation of roles - The roles that the village plays will undermine private agencies who have been more involved in recruiting migrant workers
DESBUMI he village regulation on the protection of Migrant Workers Mutual agreement Minimum Service Standards 12 1 13 11 Data Collection 2 Desbumi Document Service 3 INFORMATION SERVICE (Integrated Information System) 4 5 6 7 COMPLAINTS COMMUNICATION ACCESS BUDGET Organizing/Network Referral System 10 PPTKIS Rating 9 Paralegal Education 8 Remittance Management Education 8
DESBUMI S PROGRESSES Progres Building a website-based integrated village information system in 41 villages. The website includes data on active and former migrant workers, safe migration information, and village empowerment programs. Website: http://mergosari.desa.id/ http://kuripan.desa.id/ http://lipursai.desa.id/ Providing pre-departure and case handling services Conducting economic empowerment program for the returning migrant workers Organizing village budget for the protection of migrant workers Setting the village regulations in 38 villages 41 groups of migrant workers in 41 DESBUMI offices who are actively involved in advocacy and empowerment programs for their communities with 1,967 members are organized The civil society organization networks for migrant worker advocacy have a common agenda and become more consolidative (the revision of law, anti-trafficking,
Positive Impact of Village Services on Migrant Workers Positive Impact Restoring the Human Rights of Migrant Workers from Villages Avoiding the accumulation of migrant workers in some shelters in Jakarta and major cities Services from villages to reject private agency hegemony The placement of migrant workers overseas is more transparent. The family of migrant workers and the public will know and control the migration process Narrowing documents forgery Shifting the role of brokers in migrant workers placement and suppressing as low a cost structure (placement fee) as possible Central and local government data base Renewing bureaucracy Facilitating migrant workers placement control Constitutionally, the right of every person is to have a proper work. To this end, the Government must protect its migrant workers in majority situations. Here, migration is urgency, not an option. DESBUMI was initially built to protect migrant workers since their departure until they return home. It also encourages the active roles of local governments in establishing migration policies. With DESBUMI, migrant workers are expected to be more prosperous as the Government has never seriously realized their prosperity so far. (Through BUMDes, any debt is dealt with)