Sectionalism:loyalty to one s part or area or region of the country as opposed to loyalty to the whole country... is it good for me?
Southern exports The Main Issues Slavery: Should it exist at all? Should it spread to new Western lands? States Rights: Can states nullify federal laws that they deem unconstitutional? Sale of Public Lands- Who should sell it? Westerners favor cheap sales North don t want to lose labor out West South favor states sell Tariffs: Raises prices on all goods. National Bank? Federal Funded Improvements Such as a National Road, Canals, Railroads
tariffs help protect business Northern Interests National bank supports businesses would lose cheap labor if poor people could buy cheap land in the West trade, business, industry relying on cheap labor internal developments help them get to the west big cities develop fast paced didn t need slaves but need cheap labor for factories
Southern Interests anti-tariff agricultural Anti-National Bank leisurely farmer plantations little need for internal improvements Pro-slavery for the economy! cheap manufactured goods, please states rights to nullify unconstitutional federal laws.
Distrust Banks Cheap Land Mostly Farmers Slave or not? fund Improvements The West Tariffs provide funds for internal improvements
The US in 1836 Martin Van Buren was born in Kinderhook, New York on December 5, 1782. Kinderhook was the home of two famous Americans, Martin Van Buren and author Washington Irving. Van Buren's family had six slaves. Slavery was leagal in New York at that time. Later, Van Buren took a stand against slavery. While the State of New York was writing a new state constitution in 1821,Van Buren fought to extend the vote to black freeman. However, the provision included that they had to own $250 of land or money. This eliminated most black freemen from voting. Van Buren was the first president born in New York State. He was also the first president born after the writing of the Declaration of Independence. Van Buren was the first president of Dutch descent. (Some historians think he was the first ethnic president.) He spoke Dutch at home. He had red hair when he was young. Martin was 5' 6" tall. He was the shortest president since James Madison and perhaps the second shortest president ever. Martin worked in his father's tavern when he was young. He was a lawyer. He passed the bar in 1803. In 1807 to Hudson, New York. There he made $10,000 a year as was viewed as one of the "gifted" lawyers in the Hudson River area. Martin Van Buren married Hannah Hoes on February 21, 1807. She was 23 and he was 24. Hannah was his first cousin once removed. Martin had four sons. In 1812 ran for the New York State Senate. He won the election by less than 200 votes out of 40,000 votes cast. He was the second youngest person to be elected to the New York Senate. In 1821, Van won a close election for the U.S. Senate. Martin VanBuren is also credited as being the "father" of the Democratic Party that he worked on forming when he was a U.S. Senator. In 1824, Martin visited Thomas Jefferson, his hero, and John Adams. He made the visits to gain their favor in creating a the Democratic Party. In 1828, Van Buren left the US Senate and returned to New York to run for governor. He won the election, but didn't remain governor for long. In the spring of 1829, President Jackson appointed Martin as Secretary of State. He supported Andrew Jackson who appointed Van Buren as Secretary of State and was his vice president during Jackson's second term. He spent a lot of time at the White House with Jackson and was said to have played blindman's bluff with Jackson's children. As secretary of state he negotiated several treaties including on with France. The treaty with France recover 25 million Francs that was owed to the United States. He also negotiated the first treaty with the Ottoman Empire, now know as Turkey. When he was vice president, he presided over the Senate wearing a pair of pistols, as a precaution against the frequent outbursts of violence. Martin Van Buren had large mutton-chop sideburns. He was called the "Red Fox" because he had red hair and was a crafty politician. Davy Crockett who was serving in congress criticized how Van Buren dressed. He said his clothes were "Feminine." He opposed annexing Texas, which cost him being reelected. When he was 68 he proposed marriage to Margaret Sylvester. She turn him down. Van Buren was known as "Old Kinderhook." Some people called him O.K. This nickname is given credit for the origin of the word "okay." Martin Van Buren was nicknamed "The Little Magician" for his ability to make backroom deals. Van Buren was one of the founders of the Democratic Party. The men who ran his campaign were called "Bucktails." He is given credit for developing the invention of party caucuses, nominating conventions, and t he patronage system. Martin was the youngest person to be elected to the office at that time. Johnson, Van Buren's Vice President was the only Vice President to be selected by the U.S. Senate. Since no one had received a majority of the electoral votes the Senate had to elect the Vice President. Van Buren's Vice President was Richard M. Johnson (1837-1841).
Southern exports Which will be most divisive? Slavery: Should it exist at all? Should it spread to new Western lands? States Rights: Can states nullify federal laws that they deem unconstitutional? Sale of Public Lands- Who should sell it? Westerners favor cheap sales North don t want to lose labor out West South favor states sell Tariffs: Raises prices on all goods. National Bank? Federal Funded Improvements Such as a National Road, Canals, Railroads
Three men represent the sectional differences in the US Senate! John C. Calhoun Senator from South Carolina Daniel Webster Senator from the North Henry Clay from Kentucky representing the West
Prepare for a debate, by completing the reading. John C. Calhoun Senator from South Carolina Daniel Webster Senator from the North Henry Clay from Kentucky representing the West