8th Final Exam Split-Page The act which prohibited trusts and other businesses from limiting Sherman Antitrust Act competition. Political cartoonist who showed Boss Tweed in a bad light. Thomas Nast Newspaper reporters who exposed the problems of society. muckrakers Person who wrote The Jungle in 1906, exposing the problems of the Upton Sinclair meatpacking industry in Chicago. Period of years known as the Progressive Era. Roughly 1900-1914 Reform governor of New York. Later became president where he Theodore Roosevelt made a number of reforms. He was known as the Trustbusting and conservation President. The idea that all people should have an equal opportunity to succeed. Square Deal Act which made food and drug makers list all the ingredients on Pure Food and Drug Act 1906 packages and ended the use of impure ingredients. Amendment which gave women suffrage or the right to vote. 19 th Amendment Susan B. Anthony was involved in which reform movement? Women s rights Term meaning right to vote. suffrage Movement to end the abuse of alcohol. temperance When races are separated into different areas. segregation This person wrote How the Other Half Lives, exposing the problems of Jacob Riis tenement life. Who bought Alaska in 1867 from Russia for $7.2 million? He was William Seward ridiculed and the purchase became known as Seward s Folly. What is it called when a powerful country seeks to control the imperialism economic and political affairs of a weaker country? Why did the United States want to expand during the era of -Get raw materials imperialism? -Markets for goods -Bases for their navy -Competition with other countries What territory was gained to give the United States a commercial and Hawaii military outpost in the Pacific Ocean? What was it called when a nation had special trading privileges in a Spheres of influence section of China, usually around a port? What was it called when U.S. Secretary of State John Hay said that a Open Door Policy country could trade in another s sphere of influence in 1899? What event did the yellow journalists use to get the United States to Sinking of the Maine enter the Spanish-American War? Remember the Maine Who commanded the Rough Riders, a weird mix of college students Theodore Roosevelt and cowboys who overtook San Juan Hill? What statement, made in 1823, told Europe to keep out of the affairs Monroe Doctrine of the western hemisphere? An addition to the Monroe Doctrine (1823) was made by Roosevelt in 1904. It said the United States could intervene in Latin America to preserve peace. What was it called? Roosevelt Corollary
Who made the quote, Speak softly and carry a big stick? It meant that sometimes you might have to use force to back up what you say. The United States used the Big Stick Policy to help Panama get its independence from Colombia so we could build the Panama Canal. What were the 4 underlying causes of World War I? What term means pride in your country? What term means one when country takes over a weaker country economically and/or politically? One way this is done is for a strong country to make a colony out of a weaker country. What term refers to when a country builds up its military strength? This forces other countries in the area to build up their military also. What is it called when a country has a secret agreement to help another country if the country gets in trouble? Who made up the Central Powers? Who made up the Allied Powers? Most of the fighting in World War I took place in these. What term refers to when somebody spreads ideas to hurt an opposing cause or help a particular cause? With what did Germany attack ships leaving or entering British ports? The sinking of this ship made many Americans desire to enter the World War I. They were very angry. The Germans said that the Americans passengers were warned and were sailing at their own risk. They later apologized for the incident. What slogans (propaganda) did America use to try to get people on the home front to conserve food? Many farmers in Europe were serving in the war. Much of the farmland had been destroyed in the war. There were serious shortages of food in Europe. How did the U.S. raise money for the war? People gave money to the government and later were given a larger sum of money from the government. Celebrities helped to promote these. What role did women play on the home front? What was the name of the most famous African American unit in World War I? What was the name for Woodrow Wilson s plan for peace? What was the goal of Wilson s Fourteen Points? Teddy Roosevelt Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism nationalism imperialism militarism alliance Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire France Britain Russia Trenches propaganda Submarines or U-boats Lusitania Wheatless Mondays Meatless Tuesdays Victory Gardens Liberty Bonds They replaced the men who fought in the war in factories, police forces, farms, etc. Harlem Hell Fighters Fourteen Points Prevent international problems from causing another war
Wilson called for a general association of nations whose goal was to League of Nations protect the independence of all nations. What was this organization called? What was the aim for the European leaders at the World War I peace Make Germany pay for the conference? losses suffered in the war. What was the name of the treaty, which ended the World War I? Treaty of Versailles (1919) What year did the stock market crash? 1929 What was the day that the stock market crashed called? Black Tuesday What was the biggest reason that the stock market crashed? People buying stocks on margin What was the name of the car which became affordable to the middle Ford Model T class in the 1920s? What enabled Ford to make the Model T so cheaply? Automated assembly line What was the period of time called when alcohol was illegal? prohibition What amendment established prohibition? 18 th (1919) What amendment ended prohibition? 21 st (1933) What movement was Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith And Duke Harlem Renaissance (also accept Ellington associated with? Jazz as an answer) What was the name of the trial that debated whether the teaching of Scopes Trial evolution should be allowed in schools? What was the name of the group which showed prejudice against Ku Klux Klan (KKK) immigrants, Catholics, Jews, and African-Americans? Who was the first person to make a solo airplane flight across the Charles Lindbergh Atlantic Ocean? What was the name given to the time when people were afraid of Red scare communists? Who were the Italian immigrants who were sentenced to death for the Sacco and Vanzetti crime of robbery and murder? They faced prejudice because they were immigrants and anarchists. What was the name given to people who made or smuggled alcohol bootleggers during prohibition? What was the name given to illegal bars during prohibition? Speakeasies Organized crime grew as a result of prohibition What is it called when a person pays for a percentage of the stock when Buying on margin they buy it and then will pay off the rest of the price at a later date? Name for the group of World War I veterans who were due a bonus in Bonus Army 1945 that marched on Washington demanding that they get their bonus early to fight off the Depression. What decade was the Depression in? 1930s Provided jobs for young men to plant trees, build bridges and parks, and Civilian Conservation Corps set up flood-control projects. (CCC) Built dams to provide cheap electric power to seven southern states; set Tennessee Valley Authority up schools and health centers. (TVA) Insured savings accounts in banks approved by the government. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Employed men and women to build hospitals, schools, parks, and Works Progress Administration airports; employed artists, writers, and musicians. (WPA)
Set up a system of pensions for the elderly, the unemployed, dependent Social Security Act (SSA) children, and people with disabilities. Who was the President for much of the Depression? Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) What was the name of FDR s plan for getting the United States out of New Deal the Depression? What was the name given to the time period during the Depression when Hundred Days 15 major new laws were passed? FDR declared a bank holiday and then passed this act that said only Emergency Banking Relief Act banks with enough money could open. What was it called when FDR spoke over the radio to calm the Fireside chats American public? What was it called when FDR tried to increase the number of Supreme Packing the court Court justices from 9 to 15 so that his programs would not be declared unconstitutional? What principle of the Constitution did the court packing incident Separation of Powers violate? Overgrazing and too much plowing led to the Great Plains becoming a dustbowl during the 1930s. At the Munich Conference (1938), Hitler said that if he was given the appeasement Sudetenland then he would not try to gain any more land. What is it called when a person is given something so that they would not take more? Who was the leader of Nazi Germany? Adolf Hitler Who was the leader of fascist Italy? Benito Mussolini Who was the leader of the Soviet Union? Joseph Stalin Who was the Prime Minister of Great Britain? Winston Churchill Who was the only President to serve more than two terms as President? FDR Who was blamed for all of Germany s problems? Jews What was the name given to Hitler s plan to eliminate all of the Jews in Final Solution Europe? What type of government did the Soviet Union have? communist What was the name given during World War II to the side consisting of Allied Powers the Soviet Union, Britain, France and the United States? What was the name given during World War II to the side consisting of Axis Powers Germany, Italy, and Japan? What event brought the United States into World War II? Pearl Harbor On what date did Pearl Harbor happen? December 7, 1941 What is one way that Americans dealt with the shortages occurring Rationing or recycling because of the war? What was the symbol for woman factory workers during World War II? Rosie the Riveter What was the name of the all black air force squadron during World Tuskegee Airmen War II? What was the name of the Native American men who passed messages Navajo code-talkers in a code based upon their native language? How did Americans deal with shortages of gas, food, and rubber? rationing
What happened to Japanese Americans on the Pacific Coast of the Sent to internment camps United States during World War II? Where did the attack of D-Day occur? Normandy Who became President when FDR died? Harry S. Truman What was the first city destroyed by an atomic bomb? Hiroshima On what city was the second atomic bomb dropped? Nagasaki What was the name of the trials of Nazi war leaders after World War II? Nuremburg Trials The U.S. strategy in the Pacific was to attack and conquer some islands Island hopping and go around other islands. What was this strategy known as? What was the time period when Hitler used concentration and death Holocaust camps against his enemies called? In what country were the death camps located? Poland What international peace-keeping force was established after World War United Nations II? Who was the new power of Europe and Asia after World War II? Soviet Union What was the name of the struggle between the U.S. and the Soviet Cold War Union that came after World War II? The United States policy during the Cold War to stop the spread of containment communism. Everything was going great during the decade. Most families had cars 1950 s which allowed them to move to the suburbs. War to contain communism during the Cold War. Very unpopular in Vietnam the United States. War of words between the Soviet Union (communism) and the United Cold War States (democracy) between 1945 and 1990. African leader during the Civil Rights movement who preached civil Martin Luther King disobedience. He was assassinated. The near threat of a nuclear War when John F. Kennedy was President. Cuban Missile Crisis When the United States and Britain shipped food to the democratic half Berlin Airlift of Berlin when the Soviet Union would not allow supplies by land. War to contain communism during the Cold War. Happened in the Korean War 1950 s. The United States pledge of $12 billion to help western Europe after Marshall Plan World War II so they wouldn t have a communist revolution. One of the first events of the Cold War. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Alliance of democratic nations NATO during the Cold War. The United States promise to send help to nations threatened by Truman Doctrine communism during the Cold War. Who was the last President to be impeached? William Clinton On what date were the Twin Towers destroyed? September 11, 2001 Who was the leader of Iraq during the wars with the United States in the Saddam Hussein 1990s and 2000s? Who was the President most associated with the war on terror? George W. Bush What terrorist group attacked the U.S. in the 2000s? Al Qaeda
What leader of Al-Qaeda was killed when Barack Obama was President? What was the name given to the huge increase in baby births during the 1950s? What was the name of the movement to get minority groups (especially African Americans) equal rights? What court case was responsible for the mandatory desegregation of schools? What was it called when African Americans refused to ride busses (boycotted busses) in Montgomery, Alabama? The arrest of what person sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycotts? What was it called when people refused to follow laws but avoided violence to achieve Civil Rights changes? This 1969 space mission was a highlight of President Nixon s Presidency. Who was the leader of the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s? What President was associated with Watergate? Group of communist countries formed for protection. Who was President during the Iran Hostage Crisis? When supplies were sent by airplane to help the people of Berlin who were shut off from supplies. Name given to the communist controlled areas in Europe. 1950s war to stop the spread of communism. What was the name given to laws that established segregation? Wall built to separate the communist and free sections of Berlin. It was torn down as the Cold War came to an end. When the Soviet Union and the United States almost went to war because the Soviet Union had nuclear weapons in Cuba. What was the name of laws designed to provide equal rights to women and minorities, especially in the workplace. The idea that if one nation became communist then all the nations in that region would become communist. What was it called when Cuban Refugees attempted to invade Cuba? The attack was unsuccessful. Who was the only President to ever resign? Unpopular war in the 1960s and 1970s when the U.S. was trying to contain communism in Asia. Period of time in the 1920s and the 1950s when people in the United States were afraid of communism taking over the United States. The reason that the U.S. got into the Vietnam and Korean War to stop the spread of communism. What person was associated with the red scare in the 1950s? Enemies of the U.S. during the Vietnam War that lived in South Vietnam. Osama bin Laden Baby boom Civil Rights Movement Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Montgomery Bus Boycotts Rosa Parks Civil disobedience Moon mission Martin Luther King, Jr. President Nixon Warsaw Pact Jimmy Carter Berlin Airlift Iron Curtain Korean War Jim Crow Laws Berlin Wall Cuban Missile Crisis Affirmative action Domino theory Bay of Pigs Richard Nixon Vietnam War Red scare containment Joseph McCarthy Viet Cong
Group pushing for equal rights for women, especially voting rights. Nickname for the roaring 20s. Name came from the popular music of the time. Period in time when people were trying to fix the problems of society during the early 1900s. To cancel. For example, the 21 st Amendment got rid of the 18 th Amendment (Prohibition). Ronald Reagan s nuclear defense system. It costs a ton of money but was ineffective. Who was President when the Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis happened? Government agency designed to stop the spoils system in politics. Made applicants for government jobs take a Civil Service Exam to establish qualifications for employment. 1920s women who cut their hair short, smoked, and wore short skirts. Policies favoring the old inhabitants of an area because of fear or distrust of immigrants. War in 1898 where the U.S. acquired territories around the world. Started by yellow journalism and the blowing up of the Maine. Exaggerated newspaper accounts designed to sell papers. Main cause of the Spanish-American War. Using economic means (businesses) to gain power in another country. When a person or business runs out of money. Very common in the Depression. Homeless settlements during the Depression were often sarcastically referred to as Areas such as death camps and ghettoes where enemies of the German State were kept before and during World War II. Policy that told Latin America that the U.S. would not intervene in their countries. Home gardens during World War II. People grew their own food so that the army could get the food from larger farms. Weapon used to end World War II against Japan. U.S. promised in 1947 to help countries threatened by communist expansion. First used to help Turkey and Greece. U.S. pledge in 1947 to help European countries destroyed during World War II. It was an attempt to insure these nations didn t become communist. Organization to defend Western Europe from communism. In the Vietnam War, the Viet Cong attacked 30 cities on the Chinese New Year (Tet). The U.S. Embassy was temporarily captured. President associated with the Nuclear Arms race and the Star Wars program. National Woman Suffrage Association Jazz Age Progressive Era repeal Star Wars John F. Kennedy Civil Service Commission flappers nativism Spanish-American War Yellow journalism Dollar diplomacy bankruptcy Hoovervilles Concentration camps Good Neighbor Policy Victory gardens Atomic Bomb Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Tet Offensive Ronald Reagan