Warm Up 1) Using a Venn Diagram compare and contrast the north & south 2) Explain the impact of the cotton gin on slavery in the southern USA: 3) Discuss how industrialization changed the economic landscape of the United States:
Compare/Contrast South & North NORTH SOUTH
Andrew Jackson Presidency 1829-1837
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS 1825-1829
Election of 1824 I. Nationalism is replaced by sectionalism A. People care more about their region (north or south) instead of the nation II. Sectional candidates: A. John Quincy Adams Massachusetts (North) B. Andrew Jackson Tennessee/North Carolina (South) C. Henry Clay Kentucky (West) D. William Crawford Georgia (South) III. All were Democratic-Republicans IV. Voters selected candidates based on sectional ties
Election of 1824 I. Andrew Jackson won the popular vote (43%) but lacked a majority in the electoral college (needed 51%) II. Henry Clay (Speaker of the House) has the power to swing the election in either direction. III. Clay disliked Jackson and did not believe he would be a good president IV. Clay swung the election in favor of John Quincy Adams
I. John Quincy Adams elected as our nations 6 th president II. AJACK is furious à he should have won!
Corrupt Bargain I. Henry Clay used his influence in the House of Representatives to elect John Quincy Adams II. Henry Clay was then appointed Secretary of State by John Q. Adams A. Clay and Adams made a deal that benefited both of them B. Seen as illegal, corrupt and dirty by everyone III. Jackson is incredibly upset that he had been cheated out of the presidency by this corrupt bargain.
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=6qnvpc4zxpm
John Quincy Adam s Presidency I. Never escaped the corrupt bargain A. People see Adams as a cheater & criminal II. States eased the requirements to vote: A. Almost every white-male could vote now III. The Tariff of Abominations (Tariff of 1828) A. High protective tariff (protected northern manufacturing) B. Increased prices for manufactured goods on southerners
The Truth About Adams I. JQA s presidency was short and uneventful. II. Adams was always remembered for his role in the corrupt bargain. A. Ruined his and Henry Clay s political careers III. JQA will run for reelection in 1828 against AJACK I. JQA is unpopular & seen as a criminal II. More people now voting due to ease in voter requirements
HTTPS:// WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/ WATCH?V=AH7OQCBYFHQ
Do Now I. Create an episode map on the presidency of John Quincy Adams II. We should have these down by now!
THE PRESIDENCY OF ANDREW JACKSON
The Election of 1828 I. AJACK supporters formed the Democrats A. Common man, middle class, national support II. John Quincy Adams: National Republicans A. Elitist, rich, wealth support from New England only III. Considered the first modern election A. Mudslinging, slogans, rallies, and buttons introduced to campaigning B. Personal attacks at each other C. Really nasty election
I. AJACK is elected 7 th President in 1828 II. He defeated John Quincy Adams by with over 55% of the vote. III. Major Support: West, South & Immigrants
An American Hero I. Jackson is perhaps 2 nd only to Washington in popularity II. Indian Fighter, Old Hickory III. War Hero- New Orleans IV. Tough, self-made man V. Epitome or personification of the West VI. Independent, strong willed, strong values of what is right and wrong
AJACK AS PRESIDENT I. AJACK shared a similar political ideology with Thomas Jefferson II. He opposed John Marshal (Chief Justice) à too powerful. III. He was in favor of state s rights and will of people increased democracy. IV. He favored laissez-faire policies. A. A government that does nothing V. He wanted to move the country back toward the simplicity of Jefferson.
Jacksonian Democracy I. While president AJACK tried to give more political power to the American people II. AJACK pushed to extended voting rights to more white people A. He advocated throwing out the property requirements within the states. B. Jackson supported an amendment for popular election of Senators. C. Jackson pushed to have presidential electors chosen by popular vote rather then by state legislatures III. AJACK increased the political power of the American people
Jackson s Policies I. Jackson filled in Western Lands by selling it cheaply.. A. Expansion of the USA II. Refused to allow anti-slavery literature to be sent through the mail. A. Jackson owned slaves and advocated for the extension of it. III. He ignored the Supreme Court and forced the Cherokee Tribes to be moved to the west of the Mississippi River.
NULLIFICATION CRISIS
Tariff of Abominations I. Jackson wanted to the pay off the federal debt using short term tariffs II. Congress increased the tariff of 1816 (American System) in 1824 & 1828 III. AJACK s VP John C. Calhoun (from SC) and other southerners referred to the Tariff of 1828 as the Tariff of Abominations A. The tariff economically hurt the southern states (higher prices) IV. North & South divide over tariffs A. North supported the Tariffs protected merchants (northerners are manufacturers) B. South opposed the Tariffs higher prices on products and loss of profits.
Nullification Crisis I. Southerners, mainly from South Carolina, argued the nation could not force a tariff on states that did not want it II. John C. Calhoun secretly authors South Carolina Exposition and Protest III. Created doctrine that said, states could nullify Federal laws IV. If states cannot nullify laws they can secede A. Secede = leave the USA NULLIFICATION: 1 States were sovereign (controlled themselves) when they agreed to the Constitution 2 They still control themselves and can throw out laws they believe are unconstitutional
The Problem With Nullification I. Many members of Congress argue that nullification is the same as treason. A. Betraying your nation II. Most of Congress speaks out against nullification III. AJACK fires most of Calhoun s supporters from the government. IV. Calhoun resigns from office and gets appointed to the US Senate from SC
The Nullification Crisis I. President Jackson sends warships to Charleston Harbor and threatens to hang Calhoun for treason II. SC calls a state convention and declares the Tariff of 1832 null/void (invalid) and refuses to collect it. A. AJACK send Proclamation to the People of South Carolina à nullification does not exist III. Congress passes the Force Bill to force SC to pay with force. IV. Henry Clay offers compromise: Tariffs would be reduced over a period of nine years.
Are You With Me??? 1 Explain the corrupt bargain of 1824: 2 What is Jacksonian Democracy and how did it affect the American people? 3 Why did southerners dislike the Tariff of 1828? (What did southerners call the tariff?) 4 What is nullification? Who created the idea that states could nullify federal laws? 5 How did AJACK solve the nullification crisis? Who actually solved the nullification crisis?