March 7 EQ- What advantages did the geography of Rome provide? How did the Roman Republic compare to the US Republic? Agenda: 1. Daily Sheet 2. Ancient Greece Quiz 3. Ancient Rome- Geography, Early Settlement and Republic 1. Notes 2. Tasks Table of Contents: 68. March 7 & 8 69. Rome Task Sheet 1 70. Republic and Punic Wars Cornell Notes Homework: Finish the Cornell Notes Unit Test on Thursday Key Vocabulary: Republic- a type of government where people elect representatives to make decisions for them
The Geography of Rome
Origins of Rome Legend - Romulus & Remus twins, sons of Mars (god of war), raised by she-wolf, Romulus eventually killed Remus with a rock to be king!
Geography of Rome located in the center of the Italian peninsula close to the Mediterranean Sea: provides transportation and food. fertile plains and river valleys (easy to grow crops, travel and communicate with others) City was built on seven hills around the Tiber River
Task: Read the primary source document below and list three advantages of Rome s location. Not without reason did gods and men choose this spot for the site of our city the hills, the river to bring us produce from the inland regions and sea-borne commerce from abroad, the sea itself, near enough for convenience yet not so near as to bring danger from foreign fleets, our situation in the very heart of Italy all these advantages make it of all places in the world the best for a city destined to grow great.
The First Romans Latins, Greeks, and Etruscans battled for control of Italian peninsula Latins- originally settled in a cluster of wooden huts on seven hills around 1000 BC Greeks- 750 600 BC Greek colonies in south wealthy and commercially successful; brought Greek culture to Italy Etruscans northern Italy, metalworkers and engineers, Romans used their writing alphabet, architecture, and arch Task 2- List the three earliest settlers of Rome and one fact about each.
Early Republic 600 B.C.E Etruscan kings begin to rule Rome. Romans overthrow cruel Etruscan kings in 509 B.C.E 509 B.C.E Romans founded a new type of government called a Republic.
Roman Republic Republic = A type of government in which citizens have the right to vote and select their leaders. Ruled by a Senate and the people - SPQR= Senate and the People of Rome
Rome s Republic was shaped by a struggle between wealthy nobles and regular citizens Plebeians Patricians
Patricians Plebeians
Patricians and Plebeians Patricians Plebeians Nobles wealthy land owners Controlled the government of the Republic Male Citizens could vote, had to pay taxes and serve in the army Controlled almost all aspects of society. Could not marry a Plebian Could serve in government Common people (population majority) Few rights and little power Could not run for public office Could not marry into the nobility (the patrician class) Little say in the creation of laws Continuously threatened to secede from Rome and create their own city Over the centuries, they were granted more and more rights
How the Roman Republic Works
Republican Government **Republic government in which people vote for their leaders 1. 2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome) 1 year term, one to lead army and one to direct government 2. Senate (Representative body for patricians made foreign and domestic policy) 3. Tribune (Representative body for plebeians make laws) In times of CRISIS- Republic could appoint a dictator- leader with absolute control to make laws and command the army. Power only lasted 6 months. Chosen by the consuls and then elected by the senate.
LAW: The Twelve Tables, 450 BCE Provided political and social rights for the plebeians. Basis of later Roman law Hung in the Forum Law is one of the most important Roman contributions
Task: Create a chart that compares the Roman Republic To The United States Government Your chart must include at least three similarities and three differences!