Ethiopia Humanitarian Situation Report A South Sudanese refugee family at Pagak crossing point /UNICEF Ethiopia/2014/Aslanyan Highlights: SitRep #3 Reporting Period May-June 2014 With UNICEF support, the Disaster Prevention and Preparedness and Bureaus in eight regions (Oromia, Amhara, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, Afar, Somali, SNNPR, and Tigray) revised their 2014 multi-sectoral Emergency Preparedness and Response Plans during May and June 2014. The yearly assessment of the belg/gu/sugum seasonal rains and its impact on the humanitarian situation started in June. The results of the assessment will be used to update the 2014 Humanitarian Requirement Document the joint Government and partners humanitarian appeal. The 2014 April country-wide admission into the Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) programme was 21,105 (84.4 per cent reporting rate), which is similar to the admissions in March 2014. Compared to April 2013, this year s admission decreased by nearly 11 per cent. CMAM nutrition supply is secured until the end of the year. As of 30 June 2014, more than 150,000 South Sudanese refugees have arrived in Ethiopia 94 per cent of the new arrivals are women and children. UNICEF continue to support the South Sudan refugee response through the secondment of WASH, Child Protection, Heath, Nutrition and Education specialists to UNHCR in Gambella to support the coordination of sectoral emergency response, and provide technical guidance to the Government and partners. SITUATION IN NUMBERS 2.7 million People will require emergency food assistance in 2014 (HRD 2014) 238,761 Children will requiring treatment for severe acute malnutrition in 2014(HRD 2014) 81,300 children have been treated by April 2014 150,000 South Sudanese refugees arrived to Ethiopia since December 15 2013 (UNHCR July 2014) UNICEF humanitarian appeal 2014 (HAC 2014) is US$ 36.08 million - 24% funded UNICEF s Key Response with Partners in Ethiopia 1 Indicators WASH: People in humanitarian situation accessing water for cooking, drinking and cooking purpose Nutrition: # targeted children 6-59 months with Severe Acute Malnutrition admitted to therapeutic care Health: # of children and women accessing essential health services Education: # of school-aged ugees children Update accessing formal and non-formal education Child Protection: # of children reached with critical child protection services UNICEF & Partners UNICEF Target* Cumulative results (#) Cluster Target Sector/Cluster 1. Situation Overview & Humanitarian Needs Cumulative results (#) 1,200,000 265,000 1,029,091 335,572 238,700 81,300 238,700 81,300 NA NA 533,000 87,677 90,000 29,291 300,000 34,661 6,000 0 NA NA UNICEF Funding Levels-HAC 2014, US$ 36.08 million 12,000,000 10,000,000 8,000,000 6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0 Requirements US$ Funds received* US$ 1 See Annex 1 for UNICEF summary results 1
Kiremt Rain Forecasts from the National Meteorological Agency: The start of the kiremt seasonal rains (June September) is expected to improve availability of water in the central, northern, southern and western parts of the country. The National Meteorological Agency forecast indicates normal rainfalls across many parts of the country, with enhanced probability of prolonged dry spells in north-eastern and eastern Ethiopia. Moreover, heavy rains are expected in the western part of the country that may lead to floods. Predictions indicate that increasing food insecurity is likely in Afar Region and the southern and south eastern pastoral areas bordering Kenya and Somalia as a consequence of poor rains. Mid-year Revision of Humanitarian Requirements Document 2014: The yearly assessment of the performance of the belg/gu/sugum seasonal rains (February to May) and its impact on the humanitarian situation started on 21 June in all belg crop producing regions and on 15 June in the Somali Region. Nineteen teams involving specialists from government offices, NGOs and UN agencies have been deployed to the field for two weeks. Humanitarian non-food clusters have reviewed their respective assessment tools and the Disaster Risk Management and Food Security Sector (DRMFSS) will use satellite imagery analysis, including the Livelihood, Early Assessment and Protection (LEAP), the Livelihood Impact Analysis and Seasonality (LIAS) as well as on-ground monitoring of the situation to review the number of people who are in need of relief food assistance. The results will be used to update the Humanitarian Requirement Document that was released in January 2014. UNICEF provided technical (revision of assessment methodology and tools, analysis of the findings and report compilation), financial and logistics support to DRMFSS and regional governments. Update: According to UNHCR, the total number of refugees in Ethiopia has reached 570,000 refugees as of the end of May 2014, making Ethiopia the second largest refugee host nation in Africa after Kenya. The main refugee populations in Ethiopia are from Somalia (42.6 per cent), followed by South Sudan (32%), Eritrea (16.8%), and Sudan (7%). The increasing number of refugees in the country is largely the effect of the current influx of South Sudanese refugees to Gambella Region Since the outbreak of violence in South Sudan in mid-december 2013, over 150,000 South Sudanese 94 per cent women and children - have fled the violence to Ethiopia, with latest estimates projecting that additional 200,000 people will seek protection in Ethiopia. Some 84 per cent of the newly arriving refugees live in three, namely: Leitchour (47,569 people), Kule 1 (51,476 people) and Kule 2 (25,325 people) while the remaining are relocated to Okugo and Pugnido refugee as well as Akula kebele where refugees are accommodated with the host community. The daily arrival rate decreased from 1,000 persons at the beginning of June to between 400 and 600 persons mid-june and picked up again during the last few days of June. The total number of unaccompanied minors is currently 1,005 (550 boys and 455 girls) and 3,025 separated children (1,573 boys and 1,452 girls). While all the refugee are reaching their holding capacity, UNHCR, and the Government are discussing the need for additional suitable land in Gambella to host new refugees. With on-going humanitarian interventions, the overall health and nutrition situation in the is stabilizing, though is very fragile. Both proxy-global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) and proxy-sever Acute Malnutrition (SAM) are high in the with 19.2 per cent in Leitchour, 12.9 per cent in Kule 1 and 18.3 per cent in Kule 2 and 6.8 per cent in Leitchour, 4.2 per cent in Kule 1 and 4.1 per cent in Kule 2 respectively - UNHCR emergency threshold is less than 10 per cent for GAM and less than 2 per cent for SAM. Nutrition: The number of children with severe acute malnutrition admitted into the Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) programme in Afar, Amhara, Oromia, SNNP, Somali and Tigray regions showed a slight decrease from 21,566 in March (86.2 per cent reporting rate) to 21,105 in April 2014 (84.4 per cent reporting rate). As compared to April 2013 admissions, this year s admission are lower by 10.7 per cent, indicating an improved food security situation in 2014. In Amhara, CMAM admission decreased by 22 per cent from 4,502 in March to 3,518 in April, with over 93 per cent reporting rate in both months. The higher admissions in March are attributed to the Child Health Day screening conducted during this period. With the exception of belg production dependent areas of South Wollo, the CMAM admissions in the region are described to be within the expected levels given the prevailing lean period. In the Somali Region, despite the relatively lower reporting rate in April 2014 (1,313 with 72 per cent reporting rate), admission increased by 21 per cent compared to March 2014 (1,082 with 76.5 per cent reporting rate). 2
Figure 1:National (Ethiopia) Trends in Severe Acute Malnutrition Admissions: January - April, 2010-2014 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Source: ENCU In June, the Emergency Nutrition Coordination Unit (ENCU) released the results of two emergency nutrition surveys conducted in Jikawo and Lare woredas in Gambella Region. The Jikawo survey was conducted by GOAL Ethiopia whereas the Lare survey was conducted by CONCERN Worldwide. The survey results in both woredas were classified as critical in accordance with the national emergency nutrition assessment guideline; with Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM) of 19.2 and 18.2 per cent respectively. In Lare, crude and under-five mortality rates were 1.39 and 5.28 respectively; both are above the emergency thresholds of 1.14 and 2.3 per 10,000 population per day respectively. In Jikawo under-five mortality rate exceeded the emergency threshold levels as per national and sphere standards. Following reports of deteriorating food security situation in Arsi zone of Oromia Region, DRMFSS conducted a rapid assessment in seven woredas of the zone in June. The affected woredas are Jeju, Diksis, Sude, Robe, Bilbilo, Sire and Guna. Poor performance of the belg seasonal rains (February to April) led to shortage of pasture and water and poor development of planted crops. Livestock are reportedly emaciated and are fetching low price while the price of grains has increased. It is expected that food security situation will continue to deteriorate with anticipated poor belg harvest. Assessment team recommended immediate provision of water and food to 69,955 people in the affected woredas. Health: Ethiopia has 1 Wild Polio Virus (WPV) confirmed in 2014, with date of onset on 5 January 2014. No new cases have been reported since; the total number of reported cases since the onset of the outbreak in August 2013 remains 10. WASH: Although Belg/Gu rains improved access to water and pasture in all regions, pocket areas remain dry as a result of poor coverage. As of June, WASH cluster reports that an estimated 224,000 people in Oromia (77,000 people), Tigray (109,000 people), Amhara (19,000 people) and Afar (19,100people) regions require emergency water supply. In Somali Region, although water shortages are being reported, the gu assessments are expected to inform the humanitarian needs and guide the emergency response. 2. Humanitarian Leadership and Coordination UNICEF leads the WASH and nutrition clusters. UNICEF also co-leads the education cluster with Save the Children and leads the child protection/gender based violence (GBV) sub-cluster at the national level. In the refugee setting, UNICEF works in support of UNHCR and ARRA. 3. Summary Analysis of Programme Response EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE PLAN: With UNICEF support, the Disaster Prevention and Preparedness and Bureaus in eight regions (Oromia, Amhara, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, Afar, Somali, SNNPR, and Tigray) revised their 2014 multi-sectoral Emergency Preparedness and Response Plans (EPRP) during May and June 2014. The template for 2014 EPRPs was reviewed to make it succinct, focusing on multi-sectoral planning of top five hazards in each of the region. 3
SOUTH SUDANESE REFUGEES EMERGENCY RESPONSE: UNICEF continues to support UNHCR/ARRA to provide health, nutrition, WASH, education and child protection services to refugees in the refugee and at the border crossing points. UNICEF seconded WASH, Nutrition, Health, Education and Child Protection Specialists to UNHCR to support the sector coordination and provide leadership in the respective sectoral responses including humanitarian situation monitoring, providing technical support to the partners in implementation of programmes to reach results in accordance with set standards. Health: The regional supplementary immunization polio campaign conducted from 14 to 17 June 2014, reached 43,357 children (108 per cent) of the host community and 14,076 refugee children (122 per cent). UNICEF supported the campaign with two boats for Jor woreda to transport personnel, cold chain and vaccines. Between January and June 2014, the Regional Health Bureau with support from UNICEF and health partners vaccinated 91,785 children 6 months to 15 years against measles and 74,309 children 0 to 15 years were provided with oral polio vaccines at the entry points and at the. Nutrition: During the same period, the Regional Health Bureau (RHB) and health partners with UNICEF support provided Vitamin A to 41,333 refugee children (6 months to 5 years). SMART standard nutrition surveys have started in Leitchour and Kule 1 refugee. The components included for the survey are anthropometry, infant and young child feeding, anaemia and retrospective mortality. It is anticipated that these nutrition surveys will give a clear picture on the nutritional status of refugees children, under-five mortality rates and serve as a baseline for the progress monitoring of the response. Preliminary baseline figures of the nutritional status in the two is expected by mid-july. UNICEF is supporting the survey with logistics and technical assistance and coordination. With two of the three refugee having close to 50,000 population, five decentralized centres are needed to ensure improved coverage of nutrition services. Currently Leitchour has two centres while Kule 1 is providing nutrition services to over 51,000 refugees from one centre. Therefore efforts are in place to decentralize nutrition services. WASH: The water and sanitation services are slowly improving in the refugee although still below the sphere standards. UNICEF continues to support increased access to water through the construction of water schemes both in the refugee, entry points and host communities. UNICEF has so far supported the drilling of 18 shallow wells in and around and at entry points. In addition, three emergency water treatment kits established in Akobo (operated by ZOA) and in Burubei (operated by LWF) continues to supply clean water to the refugees at these entry points. UNICEF continuous to support coordination of acute watery diarrhoea preparedness activities including information, education and communication programmes, water quality control and water treatment and establishment of cases treatment centres. UNICEF also supported the pre-positioning of three case treatment centre kits in the. Education: UNICEF provided 50 teachers kits (facilitating the running of the same number of classrooms) to support response in Akobo of both host communities and refugees. UNICEF also provided eight recreational kits to benefit an estimated 3,600 children. The new Education Specialist seconded to UNHCR in June is expected to spearhead the education programmes in the together with the partners. Plan international and SCI are working on construction of class rooms, recruiting and training of teachers and enrolment of children. Child Protection: With technical support and coordination of UNICEF, inter-agency child protection rapid assessment was conducted for host communities and refugees in Gambella in April, led by the Bureau of Women Children and Youth Affairs and Bureau of Labour and Social Affairs with participation of ARRA, UNHCR and NGO partners. The main findings of the assessment indicate that a significant number of unaccompanied and separated children are identified within host communities and entry points. The report also highlights the presence of sexual abuse particularly of adolescent girls, child labour, psychosocial distress and resentment against refugees among host communities A draft Child Protection standard operating procedure was developed in May, initiated by UNICEF; this operating procedure is expected to streamline the protection support provided by implementing partners to children, including separated and unaccompanied children. Save the Children International (SCI) with UNICEF support is following up on the situation of 45 unaccompanied minors. SCI, Plan International and DRC are currently Child Protection implementing partners in the refugee. The child friendly spaces (CFS) established in Leitchor, Kule 1 and Kule 2 continue to provide psychosocial services. In June, 7,889 children aged between 3 and 18 years benefitted from these child friendly spaces through indoor and outdoor activities including football, volleyball, skipping rope and dancing. 4
UNICEF through UNHCR has provide five tents to assist in the start-up of activities at the Kule 2 CFS established by Plan International. Health: UNICEF and WHO continue to support the Government-led polio immunization campaigns. As a tenth round, sub-national immunization days were conducted from 20 to 23 June 2014 in Somali, Gambella, Benishangul-Gumuz, Afar, Dire Dawa, Harari and high risk zones in Oromia, SNNP, Amhara and Tigray regions targeting 3,949,806 children under-five. Nutrition: In view of the survey results in Lare and Jikawo, the Emergency Nutrition Coordination Unit (ENCU) of the Disaster Risk Management and Food Security (DRMFSS) held coordination meetings with partners. WFP, UNICEF, CONCERN, GOAL, ACF, Plan International and SCI that currently are operational in Gambella Region and advocated for strengthening of emergency nutrition responses in the region. Partners and donors responded positively and a scaling up of response is currently under discussions. Following the release of the hotspot woredas list on 13 May 2014, an ad-hoc multi-agency nutrition task force meeting was called by ENCU on 16 May. Partners agreed to strengthen emergency nutrition responses and expand their services in priority 1 and 2 woredas. By then, nutrition partners were operating in 31 of the 76 priority 1 woredas, and committed to expand the service to 33 woredas. In additional, NGOs were supporting 40 of the 181 priority 2 woredas, and committed to expand their operation to 42 woredas. Fourteen nutrition surveys have been completed in three regions (3 in Afar, 4 in Amhara, 4 in SNNP and 3 in Tigray) during the month of May/June 2014. The preliminary results indicate serious nutrition situation in Hadelala and Abaala woredas of Afar Region. Of the remaining 12 woredas, nutrition situation was poor in six while the rest were found to be normal. Similar bi-annual nutrition surveys in Oromia started during last week of May while in Somali Region, the surveys started second week of June. In those woredas where the bi-annual nutrition surveys were conducted, emergency food and nutrition interventions are being undertaken by the Government and humanitarian actors. CMAM nutrition supply is secured until the end of the year and a minimum stock is available for the first quarter of 2015. WASH: As of June, the total national emergency water trucking request stands at 27; Afar (9), Tigray (8), Oromia (7) and Amhara (3), with an increased need in Afar and Oromia by the end of the month. Out of the 27 requested water trucks 19 water trucks are currently operational benefitting 110,130 people in four region; in Afar (9), Tigray (2), Oromia (7) and Amhara (1); leaving a gap of eight water trucks. UNICEF is supporting one truck in Mihdaga Tola woreda and two trucks in Arsi in Oromia Region. As per the joint action plans developed for Somali and Afar regions, partners continue to support the development and rehabilitation of sustainable water supply systems in these two regions. 10 8 6 4 2 0 Water trucking as of June 24, 2014 0 Deployed Gap 9 6 0 2 5 2 1 Afar Tigray Oromia Amhara Child Protection: In 2014, UNICEF has continued to support reunification of Ethiopian unaccompanied children coming from third countries. Since June 2013, 1,618 children (637 females and 750 males) have been assisted to return to Ethiopia from Yemen, Saudi, Tanzania and Libya to be reunified with their families through IOM/UNICEF collaboration. 5
FUNDING: UNICEF 2014 humanitarian appeal for Ethiopia is US$36,086,000 that includes US$4,960,000 for South Sudanese emergency response. In 2014, UNICEF Ethiopia has received emergency funds from Government of Japan, Government of USA CERF, HRF, Government of Finland and UK National Committee for UNICEF. UNICEF has also taken an emergency programme response loan of US$ 1,000,000 from its headquarters to support the South Sudanese refugee response. UNICEF is grateful for valuable funds received from its donors. Funding Requirements 2014 Appeal Sector Requirements* Funds received Funding gap US$ US$ US$ % Nutrition 9,500,000 2,930,650 6,569,350 69 Health 10,300,000 2,832,051 7,467,949 72 WASH 8,275,000 1,743,782 6,531,218 79 Child Protection 3,500,000 1,007,960 2,492,040 71 Education 3,000,000 850,236 2,149,764 72 Cluster coordination 1,511,000 0 1,511,000 100 Total 36,086,000 9,364,679 26,721,321 74 Programme operations, transport and M&E costs are included in the sectoral budget lines Next SitRep: 7 September 2014 Who to contact for further information: Peter Salama Shadrack Omol Alexandra Westerbeek Representative Chief-Field Operations Chief, Media and External and Emergency Relations UNICEF Ethiopia UNICEF Ethiopia UNICEF Ethiopia Tel: +251 11 5184001 Tel:+251 11 5184082 Tel: +251 11 5184039 Fax: +251 11 5511628 Fax: +251 11 5511628 Fax: +251 11 5511628 Email: psalama@unicef.org, Email: somol@unicef.org Email: awesterbeek@unicef.org 6
Annex A SUMMARY OF PROGRAMME RESULTS: ETHIOPIA WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE People in humanitarian situations accessing water for drinking, cooking and personal hygiene People in humanitarian situations receive sanitation and hygiene information to prevent child illnesses EDUCATION Overall needs 2014 Target Cluster Response Total Results Change since last report 2014 Target UNICEF and IPs Total Results Change since last report 1,029,091 1,029,091 600,595 265,000 1,200,000 449,072 184,072 174,294 174,294 325,000 325,000 1,900,000 325,000 325,000 Children in humanitarian situations accessing formal and non-formal 320,000 320,000 34,661 14,200 90,000 29,291 8381 education Students provided with quality teaching 200,000 200,000 31,600 31,600 100,000 37,000 5400 HEALTH Children and women access essential health services through preventive and curative interventions in the Somali and Afar regions Populations affected by disease outbreaks accessing life-saving curative and preventive interventions 533,000 24,000 41,430 41,430 0 0 NUTRITION Children under 5 with severe acute malnutrition treated Children under 5 and pregnant and breastfeeding women in humanitarian situations screened and referred to supplementary feeding programme CHILD PROTECTION Children in humanitarian situations vulnerable to violence, exploitation and abuse accessing appropriate care and services Health Nutrition WASH Education Child Protection Note 238,700 238,700 81,300 910,660 910,660 127,586 n.a n.a n.a OPERATIONAL PARTNERS 21,105 127,586 n.a 238,700 2,600,000 36,000 81,300 21,105 127,586 127,586 12,325 12,325 Regional Health Bureaus, Mercy Corps, Save the Children International, ADRA, Ogaden Welfare and Development Association, Merlin, Islamic Relief, MSF Ministry of Health, Regional Health Bureaus Federal and Regional ENCU, Merlin, Concern Worldwide, International Medical Corps, World Vision, Action Against Hunger, Islamic Relief, Mercy Corps, Save the Children International, MSF, ADRA, GOAL and Plan International Federal and Regional Mines and Water Bureaus, Oxfam Intermon, Adhorn, Ogaden Welfare and Development Association, Save the Children International Federal and Regional Mines and Water Bureaus, Oxfam Intermon, Adhorn, Ogaden Welfare and Development Association, Save the Children Interantional Regional Bureau of Labour and Social Affairs, Regional Bureau of Women, Children and Youth Affairs, Save the Children International Targets will be revised following the mid-year review of the Humanitarian Action for Children and the Government-led Humanitarian Requirement Document 7
SUMMARY OF PROGRAMME RESULTS: RESPONSE TO SOUTH SUDANESE REFUGEES Locations Overall Entry points Overall Entry points Entry points Entry points Health Nutrition WASH Education Child Protection Notes: Sectors NUTRITION %/number of children 6-59 months supplemented with Vitamin A (at the entry points and through mop up campaigns at the refugee ) %/number of children under five years old screened and referred to selected feeding centres (CMAM) in the woredas having entry points 2014 Target UNICEF and Partners Total Results % Results Achieved 64,400 41,333 69% 14,688 (>80%) Number of mothers receiving IFE counselling and support 22,000 % /number of children under five years old screened and those needed referred to selected feeding centres 64,400 (>80%) Number of mothers receiving IYCF counselling and support 3,000 15,895 108 Data under compilation 27,272 42% Data under compilation More than 75 % of severely malnourished children admitted in CMAM are cured >75% 70% - HEALTH Number of children vaccinated against measles (6 months to 15 years)- 95 % coverage (at the entry points and refugee ) 175,000 91,785 NA* Number of ITNs distributed (2 per household) - 80% coverage 116,500 42,220 36% % of children fully covered through routine EPI (0-1 year) 100 % 0 Programme just started WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE Number of people who have access to clean water( through EMWAT, distribution of chemicals and drilling of shallow water well complete with hand pump 150,000 21,460 28% Number of people reached with critical WASH related information 250,000 29,000 12% Number of people who have access to emergency toilets 20,000 11,250 56% Number of people who have access to clean water through shallow wells 50,000 2,500 5% Number of people with access to appropriate sanitation services 50,000 33,360 67% Number of people reached with critical WASH related information 40,000 80,000 200% CHILD PROTECTION Number of children 3 to 14 years who have access to psychosocial support through informal education/recreation in child friendly spaces Number of boys and girls assisted by referral mechanism on Violence Against Children (VAC) in emergency affected host communities Number of children benefiting from child protection services supported by UNICEF/UNHCR and IPs EDUCATION Number of boys and girls age 3 to 14 accessing safe temporary learning spaces (Akobo) Number of young boys and girls 14 to 25 provided with sport for development and community cohesion education (Akobo only) Number of teachers trained in basic education, psychosocial support and community cohesion (Akobo) 10,000 ND - 300 ND - 20,000 2,335 12% 3,600 ND** - 600 ND - 38 0 0 Number of boys and girls age 3 to 14 accessing learning and recreational materials 20,000 10,091 50% Number of teachers trained in basic education and psychosocial support 150 55 37 PARTNERS UNHCR, ARRA, RHB, MSF, UNHCR, GOAL, MSF, ACF, CONCERN UNHCR, MSF, ZOA, ERCS, DRC, NRC, ADRA, LWF, IRC, World Vision, ACF UNHCR, SCI, ZOA, Plan International UNHCR, SCI, ZOA - - NA* ND** 100% of the children are vaccinated. The overall target represents an estimation of the number of children expected to arrive until the end of 2014. No data provided by partners yet 8
9