CVC Year 12 ATHIM Course Outline: 2018 Revolution in the Twentieth Century Unit 3 Russia and the Soviet Union (1914-1945) Name:
Canning Vale College Modern History ATAR Year 12-2018 Semester 1 Unit 3 Modern nations in the 20 th century This unit examines the characteristics of modern nations in the 20th century; the crises that confronted nations, their responses to these crises and the different paths nations have taken to fulfil their goals. Students study the characteristics of one nation. Students investigate crises that challenged the stability of government, the path of development that was taken and the social, economic and political order that was either established or maintained. Students examine the ways in which the nation dealt with internal divisions and external threats. They emerge with a deeper understanding of the character of a modern nation. The key conceptual understandings covered in this unit are the reliability and usefulness of evidence; cause and effect; continuity and change; significance; empathy; contestability; and changing representations and interpretations. Elective: Russia and the Soviet Union (1914-1945) s 1 & 2 Term 1 s 3 & 4 Term 1 Overview of Russia in 1914 Significant ideas of the period The role and impact of significant individuals in the period, including political, military and social/cultural leaders Overview Geography, social structure, role of the Orthodox Church, political structure of Russia Ideas and groups in 1914 Autocracy, liberalism, socialism, Marxism and communism Nobility, intelligentsia, Social Democrats, Bolsheviks/Mensheviks, Socialist Revolutionaries, Constitutional Democrats Political changes from 1905 including Dumas and Fundamental Laws Individuals including Tsar Nicholas II, Trotsky and Lenin The internal divisions and crises within Russian society The significant ideas of the period 1914 1917: World War I and its impact Causes of discontent/february Revolution Political discontent; Tsar as commander-in-chief, Tsarina and Rasputin, Progressive Bloc Economic discontent Military defeat, mutiny, Brusilov Events of February Revolution 1917 Outcomes
Provisional Government and Kerensky Petrograd Soviet The Soviets and Order Number 1 July Days Kornilov affair The weaknesses of the political system Bolshevik response April Theses, Bolshevik Military Revolutionary Committee (Milrevcom), the growth of support for the Bolsheviks Analysis and use of sources Task 1: Source analysis ( 3) 5 Term1 6 Term 1 Mon 5 th March Labour Day The role and impact of significant individuals in the period, including political, military and social/cultural leaders Revolutionary ideals: the revolution from below versus the revolution from above Causes and events of the October Revolution, roles of Trotsky and Lenin Outcomes of the October Revolution Historical debate The Bolshevik seizure of power a coup d état or a revolution? The importance of leadership in the revolution The initial reforms and decrees of the Bolsheviks Putting ideas into practice: support and opposition Initial reforms and decrees: Role of Lenin and the Sovnarkom Land, Peace and Factory Decrees, abolition of classes and ranks, separation of church and State, abolition of the Constituent Assembly, State Socialism Brest-Litovsk Treaty 1918 Opposition to the Bolsheviks The elimination of class enemies including the Tsar, nobility and the clergy Development of the Red Terror The Civil War and reasons for the Bolshevik victory Trotsky and the Red Army Strategic advantages Communism/War Communism and impact on the peasants The role of Lenin and the Cheka Kronstadt Rebellion
s 7 & 8 Term 1 s 9 Term 1 Fri 30 th March Good Friday Mon 2 nd April Easter Task 2: Explanation essay ( 6) The changes that transformed Russia The significant ideas of the period Changes (i) The New Economic Policy (NEP) and the impact on the peasants Creation of the USSR Death of Lenin Evaluation of Lenin/Leninism Pipes and Figes The power struggle between Trotsky and Stalin NEP versus industrialisation and collectivisation Socialism in One Country versus Permanent Revolution Politburo factions Zinoviev, Kamenev and Bukharin Reasons for the success of Stalin Changes (ii) The Five Year Plans State control of the economy Forced rural collectivisation State-created famine Modernisation, urbanisation, industrialisation Stakhanovites, Shock troops and the factory workers Analysis and use of sources Task 3 Explanation essay ( 8) The different experiences of individuals and groups in the period to 1945 The significant ideas of the period The significance of the struggle of Josef Stalin and Leon Trotsky for power and the reasons for the success of Stalin The nature and style of Stalin s leadership/stalinism Experience of the nobility, clergy, peasants and factory workers Methods the regime employed to control Repression Class warfare including dekulakisation
Monda y Mobilisation and propaganda including the Cult of Stalin 1936 Constitution Murder of Kirov, the Show Trials, the Purges and the Great Terror (the Yezhovshchina) Historical debate Was dekulakisation a civil war? Was terror from above or terror from below? (s 10 11) s 12-13 Term 2 (s 1 & 2) HOLIDAYS 14 TH APRIL TO 29 TH APRIL The social/cultural impact of Bolshevism and Stalin s Cultural Revolution to 1945 The different experiences of individuals and groups in the period to 1945 Historical questions and research Analysis and use of sources Social/Cultural change to 1945 Women, the roles of Krupskaya and Kollontai Nationalities Youth and education such as the Young Pioneers, Komsomol, the role of Lunacharsky The arts including Socialist Realism, the role of Zhdanov Religion, persecution, Soviet League of the Militant Godless The social/cultural impact of Bolshevism and Stalin s Cultural Revolution and Great Retreat Task 4 Historical Inquiry handed out ( 10) due 12 (week 1 term 2) The impact of World War II and the methods that enabled the USSR to secure victory The role and impact of significant individuals in the period, including political, military and social/cultural leaders The different experiences of individuals and groups in the period to 1945 World War II (the Great Patriot War) Non-Aggression Pact, the invasion of Finland, the seizure of the Baltic States and the German invasion Impact of the war 1941 1945 including: Level of destruction and number of casualties Collaboration of non-russians with the Nazis Resurgence and exploitation of Russian nationalism by Stalin
14 (week 3) 15 (week 4) 16-17 Term 2 Task 4a: Historical Inquiry due ( 12) Task 4b: Historical Inquiry Validation Essay ( 12) Methods that enabled the USSR to secure victory NKVD and STAVKA Role of the military leaders (Zhukov, Vasilevsky, Molotov and Rokossovsky) Geo-political changes at the end of the war Task 5: Source Analysis ( 14) Revision Task 6: Examination (Semester 1) Appendix 1 Grade descriptions Year 12
A B C D E Historical Skills Selects a comprehensive range of sources and analyses with insight to provide an accurate evaluation of these for: message; origin, purpose and context; reliability and usefulness; perspective; contestability. Responds to key words in research or essay questions, effectively applying analytical skills, accurate evidence and historical understandings from appropriately acknowledged sources. Explains why and how historical perspectives and interpretations change within and between time periods. Uses appropriate historical terms and concepts to develop cohesive, sustained arguments which are analytical, logical and coherent. Evaluates the extent to which forces (including people, events, ideas and/or structures) have direct and indirect consequences within and/or between societies. Evaluates the significance/impact of forces on continuity and change. Historical Skills Selects a range of sources and analyses these for: message; origin, purpose and context; reliability and usefulness; perspective; contestability. Responds to key words in research or essay questions, applying detailed evidence and historical understandings from appropriately acknowledged sources. Explains why various perspectives and interpretations of history exist within and between time periods. Uses appropriate historical terms and concepts to develop arguments which are logical, coherent and largely narrative. Explains the significance/impact of how forces (including people, events, ideas and/or structures) have direct consequences within and/or between societies. Explains the significance/impact of forces on continuity and change. Historical Skills Selects some sources and begins to analyse for: message; origin, purpose and context; reliability and usefulness; perspective; contestability. Responds to some aspects of the research or essay question; selects and acknowledges sources and uses mainly accurate evidence to support statements or broad generalisations. Identifies and describes different perspectives and interpretations of history. Recounts the major features of the narrative and provides a structure for the argument/discussion. Identifies that there is interaction between forces (including people, events, ideas and structures) in a time period. Outlines the impact of forces on continuity and change. Historical Skills Selects sources from a narrow range, which may or may not be relevant, and makes an attempt to analyse for: message; origin, purpose and context; reliability and usefulness. Endeavours to respond to the question; acknowledges some sources but displays limited application of evidence. Identifies at least one perspective of an historical event. Demonstrates some knowledge of the historical narrative and the structural conventions. Demonstrates, to a limited degree, the relationship between people, events, ideas and/or structures. Demonstrates a limited understanding of the impact of forces on continuity and change. Does not meet the requirements of a D grade and/or has completed insufficient assessment tasks to be assigned a higher grade.
MODERN HISTORY ATAR YEAR 12 Unit 4 Elective 1: The changing European world since 1945
course outline Modern History ATAR Year 12 Semester 2 Unit 4 The modern world since 1945 Unit description This unit examines some significant and distinctive features of the modern world within the period 1945 2001 in order to build students understanding of the contemporary world that is, why we are here at this point in time. These include changes to the nature of the world order: shifting international tensions, alliances and power blocs; the emergence of Asia as a significant international political and economic force, and the nature of engagement by and with Australia; the nature of various conflicts and regional and international attempts to create peace and security. Students study one of these features. As part of their study, they should follow and make relevant connections with contemporary events. The key conceptual understandings covered in this unit are: causation; continuity and change; historical significance and changing perspectives and interpretations of the past; and contestability. This outline is based on the elective: The changing European world since 1945 1 2 3 the nature of the origins and early development of the Cold War to 1948 the significant ideas of the period the role of significant political leaders throughout the period Overview The division of Europe along ideological lines: the Iron Curtin descends ideological differences between capitalism, communism and democracy post-war conferences (Yalta and Potsdam) and conflict between leaders (Stalin, Truman and Churchill) ideology versus expansionism, containment versus security 1946 Iron Curtain speech, 1946 the Long Telegram, 1947 Truman Doctrine and 1948 Marshall Aid the evolving nature and character of the Cold War in Europe from 1948 through to détente the significant ideas of the period the role of significant political leaders throughout the period Part A: Bi-polar Europe Cold War divisions Conflict in and with the East, cooperation in the West Berlin Blockade the impact of the arms race and space race the threat of nuclear war (Mutually Assured Destruction) formation of North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and Warsaw Pact the use of the Warsaw Pact (Hungary, Berlin Wall and Berlin Blockade, Prague Spring) beginning of trading relations between the Western European countries including the Monnet vision, the ECSC, Euratom and the EEC (European Economic Community or Common Market) and the implications in the West (including mistrust of the UK by de Gaulle and impacts on NATO) significance of Khrushchev (peaceful co-existence and de-stalinisation) and Eisenhower (rollback strategy to force change) on relations between USA and USSR in Europe the lack of assistance from the USA in the Hungarian Uprising and negotiations between Eisenhower and Khrushchev before the U2 spy plane incident
4 5 6 7 8 9 Analysis and use of sources Task 7: Source analysis the evolving nature and character of the Cold War in Europe from 1948 through to détente the role of significant political leaders throughout the period Brinkmanship and détente Brinkmanship in practice: Berlin Wall 1961 and Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 lead up to détente removal of Khrushchev Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons the hotline between the White House and the Kremlin Détente: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) 1 1972 and SALT 2 1979, the Helsinki Accords negotiating with the West, maintaining control in the East; Brezhnev Doctrine importance and role of leaders in the lead up to and during the détente period: Khrushchev, Kennedy, Brandt (ostpolitik), Brezhnev, Nixon, Carter and Ford Task 8: Explanation essay Task 9: Historical inquiry handed out week 5. the role of significant political leaders throughout the period The Second Cold War and the importance of Gorbachev the decline of détente in the late 1970s the Evil Empire and Star Wars re-intensification of the Cold War rise of Gorbachev, perestroika and glasnost summits between Reagan and Gorbachev 1985 1988 collapse of Brezhnev Doctrine, Polish Solidarity, fall of the Berlin Wall Historical questions and research Analysis and use of sources Task 9 Part A: Historical inquiry process due week 7 Task 9 Part B: Validation essay the changing nature of world order in the period 1989 2001 the role of significant political leaders throughout the period Part B: Forging a united European Community Reunifying Europe post-1989 Break-up of the Soviet Union and the reunification of Germany social, political and economic change in the Soviet Union, collapse of communism in the East 1990 reunification of Germany Two by Four Treaty 1990 the role of Helmut Kohl as first Chancellor of a reunified Germany and problems with reintegration Western interests in the former USSR and the creation of the Russian oligarchs Russian relations with USA under the leadership of Yeltsin and Clinton
10 11 12 13 14 Task 10: Explanation essay the development of European governance and extension of the European Union The European community; the development of the European Union (EU) the EU as an extension of the EEC 1958, timeline of the development of the EU from 1945 growth in the 1970s with the inclusion of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom 1979 ERM 1986 the Single Market 1992 Maastricht Treaty, ground work for the EU 1993 EU established and the Four Freedoms the nature and function of the EU desire for a European community with a basis of peace, security and trade the changing nature of world order in the period 1989 2001 Conflict in the Balkans and the changing nature of NATO in a post-cold War Europe gradual acceptance of former Warsaw Pact countries as members relations with Russia, 1997 NATO Summit, Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council break-up of Yugoslavia and ethnic tensions that ensued nature of the conflict and NATO s role in the Balkans conflicts NATO from Cold War Alliance to the NATO-Russia Council 2002 Analysis and use of sources Task 11: Source analysis the development of European governance and extension of the European Union the changing nature of world order in the period 1989 2001 The decline of the European nation-state? Eurozone 1999 gradual introduction of the Euro as Europe s main currency by 2002 issues with centralised governance movement of people through the EU and the rise of nationalistic groups in countries such as Great Britain the struggle of NATO to find a role in the changed environment Ostalgie, the yearning for the good old days of communism in the East Historical debate the decline of Europe in a global context (as argued by historians such as Laqueur) 15 Task 12: Examination (Semester 2)