AP UNITED STATES HISTORY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 1 Analyze the social, political, and economic role of women from the period 1900-1920. Use the documents and your knowledge of the period 1900-1920 to construct your answer. The 8 9 Essay Contains a well developed thesis that explains the ways in which many women s roles changed in terms of social life, political power, and economics. Presents an effective analysis of the reasons why many women gained or shifted to these roles. Discussion of one component may be implicit or embedded in the discussion of another component. Effectively uses a substantial number of documents. Supports the thesis with substantial and relevant outside information. May contain minor errors. Is clearly organized and well written. The 5 7 Essay Contains a thesis that addresses the ways in which many women s roles changed in terms of social life, political power, and economics Has limited analysis of the reasons why many women gained or shifted to these roles. Discussion of one component may be implicit or embedded in the discussion of another component. May fail to fully address one component (social life, political power, economics). Effectively uses some documents. Supports the thesis with some relevant outside information. May have errors that do not seriously detract from the quality of the essay. Shows acceptable organization and writing; language errors do not interfere with the comprehension of the essay The 2 4 Essay Contains a limited or undeveloped thesis. Deals with the question in a general manner; simplistic, superficial treatment of the subject. Merely paraphrases, quotes, or briefly cites documents. Contains little outside information or information that is inaccurate or irrelevant. May have major errors. May be poorly organized and/or written. The 0 1 Essay Contains no thesis or a thesis that does not address the question. Exhibits inadequate or incorrect understanding of the question. Has little or no understanding of the documents or ignores them completely. Has numerous errors. Is written so poorly that it inhibits understanding. Blank or completely off task
2002 AP@ UNITED STATES HISTORY FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS (Form B) UNITED STATES HISTORY SECTION I1 Part A (Suggested writing time--45 minutes) Percent of Section I1 s c o r e 4 5 Directions: The following question requires you to construct a coherent essay that integrates your interpretation of Documents A-H, and your knowledge of the period referred to in the question. High scores will be earned only by essays that both cite key pieces of evidence from the documents and draw on outside knowledge of the period. 1. Analyze the social, political, and economic role of women from the period 1900-1920. Use the documents and your knowledge of the period 1900-1920 to construct your answer. Document A Source: Women s Press Club of New York City, 1904 The nineteenth century has been remarkable in many ways. It has developed a new material and social order; but the fact is not as yet fully recognized that it has developed a new woman the woman who works with other women; the woman in clubs, in societies; the woman who helps to form a body of women; who finds fellowship with her own sex, outside of the church, outside of any ism, or hobby, but simply on the ground of kinship and humanity.
Document B The Steam Roller from Judge, 1917 Document C Source: Benjamin V. Hubbard, Socialism, Feminism, and Suffragism, the Terrible Triplets, 1915 Feminism is exhibited by a spirit of unrest among a comparatively small number of dissatisfied women. They preach the gospel of unholy discontent. They are born agitators, and "dearly love a fight." They prefer war to peace; turmoil to tranquility; contention to concord; pride to humility; sophistry to truth; agnosticism to belief, and prefer to assert their own wills, "live their own lives" as against the precepts of all conventional morality, being moral anarchists.
Document D Source: Winnifred Harper Cooley, The New Womanhood, 1904 One conspicuous feature of modern marriage is the frequency of the phenomenon of women wage earners. In New York City, 20,000 women support husbands and families. Teachers, stenographers, and numerous workers, although sometimes bending under the burden of the present economic system, as do men, usually find that art is woman's joy in her work, and that no emotional or social pleasure is greater than the satisfaction of classified labor, and the stimulation of financial independence. Document E Aircraft production during WWI Document F Source: 1915, History of Women's Labor Unions by Alice Henry. The cure which the average man has to propose is pithily summed up in the phrase: "Girls ought to stay at home." The home as woman's sole sphere is even regarded as the ultimate solution of the whole difficulty by many men, who know well that it is utterly impracticable today.
Document G Source: Why Women Should Vote by Jane Addams, 1917 The growth of civilization increases the division of labor as between individuals, but lessens it as between the sexes. in the old times women were excluded from almost all the occupations of men. Housework and sewing were practically the only ways open to them to earn a living. To day, out of more than 300 trades and professions followed by men, women are found in all but three or four. Document H Children lining up on the Grounds of the Hull House, 1908 END OF DOCUMENTS FOR QUESTION 1
AP UNITED STATES HISTORY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 1 Document Information and Inferences Document A: Women s Press Club of New York City, 1904 Document information Explains the growing and persistent liberation of women and changing social order Relates the new trend of women bonding over their womanhood rather than around specific organizations Document Inferences: Feminism takes rise in period leading up to the turn of the century, but took form after turn Women must band together and feel a new sense of commonality Women begin to propagate their new movement through organizations such as The Women s Press Club of New York City Document B: The Steam Roller from Judge, 1917 Document information A political cartoon from Judge depicting women steam rolling over opposition Document Inferences Women s liberation movement experiences enormous success during the era, crushing the opposition with ease Women faced opposition to their agendas but generally overcame and prevailed Document C: Benjamin V. Hubbard, Socialism, Feminism, and Suffragism, the Terrible Triplets, 1915 Document Information Anti feminist Benjamin Hubbard suggests the invalidity of Feminism Asserts the movement attributable to a minority of trouble makers Ties Feminist beliefs to anti religion and anarchist sentiments Document inferences Some opposed Feminist movement on a variety of grounds including religious, political, and traditional social norms Some consider the liberation movement inherently wrong Document D: Winnifred Harper Cooley, The New Womanhood, 1904 Document Information Relates women becoming more economically independent and supporting families in large numbers Suggests Women enjoy their new and numerous lines of work as well as financial independence Document inferences Women have begun to start working in greater numbers as primary breadwinners of families than before Women start being established in industries Women begin to strive for financial independence Document E: Aircraft production during WWI Document Information
In light of the Great War, women take an active economic role in wartime production Due to men being off to war, women are afforded new jobs Document F: 1915, History of Women's Labor Unions by Alice Henry. Document information An excerpt stating the average man considers the home to be the proper place for women States that the sole limitation of women to the domestic sphere is impractical Document inferences The society of the time made a purely domestic woman impractical; a working woman was useful Men often are limited by impractical presuppositions to keep women in their rightful place Document G: Why Women Should Vote by Jane Addams, 1917 Document information An excerpt from the famous founder of the Hull House, Jane Addams, part of the book Why Women Should Vote States the progression civilization has blurred the labor division between sexes Relates the previous limitation in occupation to women as well as the new growth in working opportunities Shows the shrinking gap between men and women in the workforce Document inferences Women began to penetrate the various trades America had to offer and ceased to consider historically feminine trades their only options Some women saw the increased work opportunities for woman as a natural step in the advancement of civilization. Women now have many ways to earn a living Document H: Children lining up on the Grounds of the Hull House, 1908 Document information A photograph of numerous children lining up outside the Hull House in 1908 The Hull House was founded by Jane Addams to aide new immigrants and the poor Document inferences Women played an instrumental role in reform movements during the 1900s 1920s Women became administrators of their own organizations
AP UNITED STATES HISTORY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 1 Possible Outside Information: General List American Women's Hospitals Service anti suffragists Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (CUWS) Consumers Leagues Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) National Woman's Party (NWP) settlement house movement Hull House Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire Addams, Jane Catt, Carrie Chapman Goldman, Emma Kelley, Florence Mother Jones Paul, Alice Rankin, Jeannette Shaw, Anna Howard Walker, Madame C. J. Nineteenth Amendment (1920) Southern Womens League for the Rejection of the Susan B Anthony Amendment League of women Voters The Winning Plan (1916)
Works Cited "Aircraft Production during World War I." American Women's History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE42&iPin=7144&SingleRecord=Tru e (accessed April 26, 2010). "Children Line Up on the Grounds of Hull-House." Library of Congress. Chicago Daily News Negatives Collection. American Women's History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE42&iPin=awhm2169&SingleRecor d=true (accessed April 29, 2010). Cooley, Winnifred Harper. "The New Womanhood (excerpt)." From: Library of Congress. Rare Book and Special Collections Division. National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection. American Women's History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE42&iPin=awhd0315&SingleRecord =True (accessed April 29, 2010). Croly, Jane Cunningham. "'The Clubwoman'." From: Library of Congress. Rare Book and Special Collections Division. National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection. American Women's History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE42&iPin=awhd0298&SingleRecord=True (accessed April 29, 2010). Henry, Alice. "Trade Union Woman (excerpt)." From: Library of Congress. Rare Book and Special Collections Division. National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection. American Women's History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE42&iPin=awhd0323&SingleRecord
=True (accessed April 29, 2010). Hubbard, Benjamin Vestal. "Socialism, Feminism, and Suffragism, the Terrible Triplets (excerpt)." From: Library of Congress. Rare Book and Special Collections Division. National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection. American Women's History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE42&iPin=awhd0300&SingleRecord =True (accessed April 29, 2010). National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). "Blue Book (excerpts)." From: Library of Congress. Rare Book and Special Collections Division. National American Woman Suffrage Association Collection. American Women's History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE42&iPin=awhd0317&SingleRecord =True (accessed April 29, 2010).. The Steam Roller. 1917. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Judge 17 Mar. 1917: n. pag. Web. 29 Apr. 2010. <http://www.loc.gov/ pictures/ item/ 2001695516/>.