Agenda: Nixon s Presidency If you didn t take the test you have until Tuesday April 4 IF YOU DIDN T TURN YOUR PROJECT IN IT SHOULD BE TURNED IN AS WELL!!
Nixon First Term Person #3 will read first starting at Nixon Presidency You will read whole table all the way through Vice President Ford takes office When finished Person #2 will RAISE THEIR hand and I will bring you the paper to complete You have 30 minutes TOTAL
1969-1974 Nixon Presidency (330) What was his presidency called? Why? The Imperial Presidency because under Nixon the expansion of presidential power had became great. INFLATION What is this? Rising prices, trade deficit, and rising unemployment How does Nixon deal with inflation? (331) He cut prices and took us off the gold standard, and set a peacetime wage & price control. 1972 Environmental Protection Agency What does it do? It protects the environment. Sets air and water pollution standards for cities Monitors and enforces these activities. It also requires all new construction projects to pass environmental impact reviews before being approved.
Endangered Species Act What is this? Law requires Fish and Wildlife Service to list species of plants and animals that are threatened with extinction. What is the purpose? To take steps to protect endangered species 1972 Equal Rights Amendment What is this? An amendment that would keep anyone from discriminating or providing equal rights based on a persons sex. Why did it pass or not pass? In 1972 it was sent to the states for ratification with a 7 years limit. The deadline was extended to 1982 but never passed. Who is Phyllis Schlafly? Critic of the Women s Liberations movement and spoke against the Equal Rights Amendment which she believed would hurt wives, family life and force women into manly roles
1972 Nixon Re-opening Relations with China (332) Who was responsible? Nixon What happened? Nixon restored relations with Communist China by visiting China and recognizing a communist nation. How does it help America? Provided Nixon a more flexible situation in N. Vietnam and opened communication 1972 Détente with the Soviet Union (332) What does it mean? Relaxing of tensions Who was involved? Soviet Union and Russia met in Moscow in 1972 What did they agree on? They signed SALT limiting defensive missile systems, and the US would help the Soviet union with food shortages.
1973 Vice President FORD Takes Office (332-333) How did Ford become Vice President? (Explain with details) Nixon s Vice President Spiro Agnew in 1973 was caught taking bribes when he served as the Governor of Maryland. How did Ford become Vice President? He resigned and under the 25 th Amendment Nixon appointed Gerald Ford as his Vice President.
Complete examination into the events of Watergate. Agenda Watergate Reading & Summary Quote for the day Always do right. This will gratify some people and astonish the rest. ~ Mark Twain If you didn t take the test you have until Tuesday April 4
Question Based on what you learned about Nixon yesterday (AND ONLY YESTERDAY) what would you say about him and his presidency?
Nixon and Watergate
Reading Instructions Read, Summarize, Cover and TELL You will Read Paragraph 1 to yourself. When you finish reading the paragraph write a 1 sentence summary over what you read and flip the paper over. Wait until I give instructions When I give instructions Partner A will share their summary sentence first. Then Partner B will share theirs. If you missed information that your partner got add it to your summary. Repeat the process for Paragraph 2
Assignment When Finished 1) highlight key terms throughout the passage. You need about 15-20 key terms highlighted. This is not very many, so you really need to analyze the excerpt to choose the MOST IMPORTANT. 2) List these key words that you highlighted on the page provided you. 3) Then create a summary for this excerpt using those words. This summary should be in historical language. 3) Now on at the bottom answer: What was the lasting impact of Watergate?
Agenda: Go over Watergate Grade Ford Graphic Organizer Grade Over 1970s Court Cases If you didn t take the test you have until Tuesday April 3
The Election of 1968 Nixon campaigned as a champion of the "silent majority," the hardworking Americans who paid taxes, did not demonstrate, and desired a restoration of "law and order. He vowed to restore respect for the rule of law, reconstitute the stature of America, dispose of ineffectual social programs, and provide strong leadership to end the turmoil of the 1960's.
What was Watergate? Watergate was one of the largest political scandals in the history of the United States The scandal occurred when the Republicans were caught spying on the Democrats at the Democratic Headquarters
Watergate became a major scandal when President Nixon lied about his role in the break-in and tried to cover it up
Roots of Watergate When the New York Times and Washington Post began to publish the Pentagon Papers, the Nixon Administration sued them. New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) It was Richard Nixon s paranoia that his enemies wanted to ruin his presidency that was at the root of the Watergate scandal
After the release of the Pentagon Papers, the White House created a unit to ensure internal security. Howard Hunt James McCord G. Gordon Liddy Chuck Colson This unit was called the Plumbers because they were put in charge of stopping information leaks.
The Watergate Break-in When initial polls showed Nixon slightly behind in the Election of 1972, the Plumbers turned their activities to political espionage. On 17 June 1972, 5 men were arrested while attempting to bug the headquarters of the Democratic Party inside the Watergate building in Washington D.C. One of the men arrested, James McCord, was the head of security for the Republican Party. The Nixon campaign denied any involvement.
The Washington Post Watergate came to public attention largely through the work of Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, investigative reporters from the Washington Post
Watergate Enters the Nixon Campaign The break-in was eventually tied to the Nixon reelection campaign through a $25,000 check from a Republican donor that was laundered through a Mexican bank and deposited in the account of Watergate burglar Bernard Barker.
The Election of 1972 Despite the growing stain of Watergate, which had not yet reached the President, Nixon won by the largest margin in history to that point.
Watergate Investigations In March 1973, defendant James McCord informed Judge John Sirica that Watergate was a conspiracy Sirica s investigation transformed Watergate from a third-rate burglary to a major scandal.
Congressional Hearings May 1973: Congress began hearings to investigate the scandal and found that Nixon s Former Attorney General, John Mitchell,, head of Nixon s Committee to Re-Elect the President, (CREEP) controlled a fund to pay for espionage operations
Congressional Hearings The hearings were televised in their entirety. They focused on when the President knew of the break-in. In June 1973, former White House legal counsel John Dean delivered devastating testimony that implicated Nixon from the earliest days of Watergate.
The Oval Office Tapes In an effort to discredit Dean s testimony, the White House announced that Nixon had secretly been tape-recording conversations. These tapes would become the focus of the investigation.
When the Supreme Court forced Nixon to surrender the tapes, he refused invoking executive privilege
The Saturday Night Massacre The Administration reached an agreement with the Senate Watergate Committee that its Chairman would be allowed to listen to tapes and provide a transcript to the Committee and to Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox. The deal broke down when Cox refused to accept the transcripts in place of the tapes. Since the Special Prosecutor is an employee of the Justice Department, Archibald Cox Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson to fire Cox.
The Saturday Night Massacre When Richardson refused, he was fired. Nixon ordered Deputy Attorney General William D. Ruckelshaus to fire Cox. When he refused, he was fired. Nixon then ordered Solicitor General Robert Bork to fire Cox and he complied. The Washington Post reported on the Saturday Night Massacre.
The Oval Office Tapes On October 23, 1973 Nixon agreed to turn over White House tape recordings requested by the Watergate special prosecutor to Judge Sirica.
Nixon was implicated from the earliest days of the cover-up: authorizing the payment of hush money attempting to use the CIA to interfere with the FBI investigation. One tape has an 18 ½ minute gap. Nixon s secretary Rosemary Woods demonstrated how she could have inadvertently erased the tape, but no one bought it.
Nixon s Final Days On July 27, 1974, the House Judiciary Committee approved Articles of Impeachment against Nixon. The House was set to vote on the matter.
Nixon s Final Days On August 5, 1974, when the smoking gun tape became public, Nixon was told that the Senate was going to find him guilty of impeachment charges
On August 9, 1974, Richard Nixon became the first American president to resign https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeogjj7ukfm&index=11&list=plydulzlvsglkh195s6tbfdczre6kpuwed&t =98s
Aftermath of Watergate Gerald Ford became the 38 th president. Over 30 government officials went to prison. In September 1974, Ford pardoned Nixon. pardon is when someone is forgiven of a crime and released from the penalty of he crime ord pardoned Nixon to save the nation the shame of having a resident found guilty of a federal crime
Watergate s Legacy For the first time in U.S. History, a president is forced to resign. There was a public distrust of the government that continues to this day. It was damaging to U.S. status in world affairs