Preview If you were elected President, who would you put in government positions in the Executive Branch?
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Andrew Jackson a. Nicknamed Old Hickory for his toughness b. Major General during the War of 1812 c. Won major victories in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend & The Battle of New Orleans d. Led campaign against Cherokee Indians
John Quincy Adams a. Democratic-Republican b. Jackson accused Adams and Henry Clay of working together to strike a deal to make Adams President. c. The Democratic- Republicans split and became two separate Parties Democrats vs Whigs
a. Federalist Party Dissolved b. 4 Democratic-Republicans ran & No one received majority c. Went to the House of Representatives d. Adams was named the next President e. Jackson was MAD!!!!@!
Results a. Called Adams victory a corrupt bargain b. Jackson was seen as a man of the people c. Born in log cabin d. Poor e. Orphaned at about 14 f. Worked his way up till he owned a plantation and was wealthy
Result: 3 times as many people vote & Andrew Jackson wins
President Jackson a.became 7 th President b.strengthened the power of the presidency c.took on many opponents
Washington represented the Elite People Washington at the Capital
Jackson represents the Common Man Jackson s Campaign
The Spoils System a.distrusted politicians b.fired hundreds and replaced them with his supporters c. Rewarded his campaign supporters with jobs The Spoils System
Giving Government jobs to people in the President s Party as a reward for their support.
Jacksonian Democracy a. Disliked the wealthy b. Supporter of the Common Man The Regular Guy! c. Changed the voting requirements *Didn t have to own property to vote. *Must be male, 21+, & white
Vs. Native Americans a.passed The Indian Removal Act of 1830 b. Law passed by Congress to force the Indians still East of the Mississippi River off their land *Whites wanted their land for cotton and gold!
Vs. Native Americans a.because of the Indian Removal Act - b. Indians were forced west to reservations (Oklahoma) c. The Trail of Tears was their route
d.jackson didn t care & removed the Indians anyway Worcester v Georgia a. Georgia Passed a law in 1830 stating no white man could live among the Indians without a license b.worcester was arrested and he sued c. Case went to the Supreme Court He won
Vs. Nullification a.north supported high tariffs b.south opposed high tariffs. South wasn t getting any roads or canals built in their section of the country *Tariffs help some sections of the country but hurt others
a. Congress passed the Tariff of 1828-South called them Tariff of Abominations b.south was furious c. Vice-President John C. Calhoun secretly published an essay saying that states could nullify laws that violate their rights- States Rights! Vs. Nullification Nullification Crisis Jackson began threatening to hang Calhoun for treason. President talking about killing the V.P Wow!!!
Vs. Nullification a. Daniel Webster told Congress that the Union should stay together now and forever, one and inseparable b. South Carolina decided they wanted to nullify the tariff and threatened to secede (1832) c. Jackson considered nullification to be treason
Vs. Nullification a.jackson sent the navy to Charleston Harbor b. The Force Bill *Passed by Congress *Gives the President the power to use the military to force a state to comply
Vs. Nullification a. Henry Clay (Great Compromiser and creator of the American System) proposed The Compromise Tariff to reduce the tariffs over the next ten years. b.south backed down and this prevented a permanent split between the North & South for a while longer
Vs. The National Bank a. Thought banks were the tool of the wealthy b. Vetoed the National Banks charter in 1832-the bank can t operate c. Placed Federal money in state banks (Jackson s Pet Banks) d. This led to the Panic of 1837-Panic is when people take all their money out of the bank because they are afraid of what will happen to the economy Jackson didn t get blamed because he d already left office
Name: Class Period: Date: Issue 3 Issues Faced by Andrew Jackson Details Issue #1: Native Americans 1. Held land in 2.The land was good for and whites wanted it. was also discovered on their land. 3.Jackson signed of 1830. It was about opening Indian lands to settlement by whites. (This Act led to the ). 4. Worcester vs. Georgia. A Christian missionary refused to and had been put in prison. Court said that a state can not over rule a Federal Treaty. Jackson to! 5.Leaders of the Cherokee people signed the Treaty of agreeing to relinquish the land for $. 6.In, federal troops rounded up about Cherokees. Forced to march in the cold, rain, and snow, many grew weak and ill. Over 4,000 died. This harsh journey to Indian Territory became known as the
Issue #1 Native Americans By the 1820s, about 100,000 Native Americans remained east of the Mississippi River. 1. They held large areas of land in Georgia and other Southern states. The U.S. Government had signed a treaty with the Cherokee saying they had the rights to this land. 2. The Cherokees set up a constitution based on the U.S. Constitution and founded the Cherokee Nation. However, the land was good for growing cotton and whites wanted it. Later, gold was discovered on their land. Now the state of Georgia began pressuring Jackson to remove the Indians from the land and open it up to white settlers.
Cherokee land at the Northern tip of Georgia
Jackson believed the government had the right to decide where Native Americans could live. He believed they were a conquered people and they could either adopt white culture and become citizens of the U.S. or they could move into the Western territories. They could not have their own governments within the nation s borders. As whites were moving onto Indian land, Jackson asked Congress to pass a law that would require Native Americans to either move west or submit to state laws. Many Americans objected to Jackson s proposal.
3. Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Jackson pushed Congress to pass this act. It passed by 1 vote. The act called for the government to negotiate treaties that would require Native Americans to relocate west. Jackson claimed this policy would allow Native Americans to keep their way of life but it was really only about opening Indian lands to settlement by whites. (This Act led to the Trail of Tears).
The Indian Removal Act said that Native Americans would be moved to an area in Oklahoma that became known as Indian Territory. The Cherokees refused to move and sued in Federal Court to protect their land. 4. One of the cases that made it to the Supreme Court was Worcester vs. Georgia. This involved a Christian missionary who lived with the Indians. He had refused to sign an Oath of Allegiance to Georgia and had been put in prison. The Supreme Court under Justice Marshall ruled in favor of the Native Americans. The Court said that a state can not over rule a Federal Treaty. The President s job is to make sure that Federal law is obeyed. But Jackson refused to enforce the Supreme Court s decision!
Should the President be allowed to do whatever he wants?
5. Under pressure, leaders of the Cherokee people signed the Treaty of New Echota on Dec. 29, 1835 agreeing to relinquish (give up) the land for $5 million. This was just a small group and the Cherokee people had not authorized them to sell their land. The men didn t profit from the sale and really believed they were doing the right thing for their people but only a few thousand Cherokee agreed to move. The rest continued to farm their land and waited to see what the U.S. government would do.
6. In 1838, federal troops and militia rounded up about 16,000 Cherokees and forced them into camps. Soldiers took people from their homes with nothing but the clothes on their backs. Forced to march in the cold, rain, and snow without adequate clothing, many grew weak and ill. One in 4 died along the trail. Over 4,000 died. This harsh journey of the Cherokee from their homeland to Indian Territory became known as the Trail of Tears.
It was a 1,000 mile march in the middle of a very harsh winter. People died of disease and starvation
Hero or Zero?
Hero or Zero?
Exit Ticket Fill in the following sentence stem Andrew Jackson is a because (Hero/Zero) List at least 2 reasons in your sentence.