If you have not taken your test or did not pass you have until April 12 to take care of this. Spiral Test next Friday April 15 Agenda: Video Review of Ford & Carter Reagan Guided Notes: Conservative Resurgence
Conservative Resurgence 1980-1989 Reagan Presidency
Reagan Presidency 1981-1989 The 1980s witnessed a resurgence of conservatism- the philosophy uncovered by Barry Goldwater Reagan believed that the federal government had become too powerful and intrusive, beginning with the New Deal In order to counter the power in the federal government, Reagan worked to combat unions, reduce taxes, cut government spending, and reducing the amount of govt regulations, while also favoring a strong military establishment.
New Right & Conservative Views New Right: Conservative groups who supported Reagan during elections- including the following: National Rifle Association: begun to promote rifle shooting skills 1980 election marked the 1 st time in its history it involved itself with politics. The Moral Majority: Fundamentalist, Conservative Christians Heritage Foundation: Promote conservative policies free enterprise, limited govt, individual freedom, values, & a strong national defense
Other Social & Political Conservative Activists Billy Graham - born in 1918, is a leading religious revivalist as well as a spiritual and moral advisor to many U. S. Presidents. As a prominent Christian leader, he spoke out against communism during the Cold War era, claiming that it was the ultimate fight between good and evil. Phyllis Shlafely - an attorney born in 1924, was an outspoken opponent of what she considered the radical feminist movement. She actively campaigned against the Equal Rights Amendment and founded her own pro-family movement. Sandra Day O Connor - born in El Paso, Texas, in 1930, has the distinction of being the first woman appointed to the United States Supreme Court. She was appointed by President Ronald Reagan in 1981.
REAGANOMICS 1980, still facing stagflation (high unemployment, high prices) Reagan tried to solve problem with supply side economics Supply side economics: reducing taxes & business regulations hoping to make it easier to produce goods. They reasoned the larger supply of goods would drive down prices & stop inflation.
REAGANOMICS By 1983, the economy began to come out of recession. Reagan s tax cuts, deregulation, and military spending encouraged greater business activity, while new supplies of oil from Alaska & the North Sea stabilized oil prices.
Negative Side of Reaganomics Federal deficit (amount of money govt spends beyond what it collects in taxes) increased greatly, and national debt more than doubled. Also, America bought more goods and services than they sold overseas, creating a trade imbalance which led to loss of millions of jobs and drop in income
Rust Belt to Sun Belt Movement of people from northern to southern states caused shifts in economic and political power New technological innovations such as air conditioning and hydroelectric power made it possible to keep homes, offices, and factories cool in the summer which encouraged people to move to the South & West. As a result, the West & South became known as the Sun Belt
Rust Belt to Sun Belt Sunbelt states also saw their economies grow quickly with the influx of people and businesses. In contrast, the Northeast and the Midwest suffered economically. Parts of these regions became known as the Rust Belt because of the rusting factories that declining industries left behind. Many large factories and industries struggled to survive with the stagflation of the 1970s. Many laid-off workers migrated to the Sunbelt as well to find work.
Effects of Sunbelt Sunbelt states saw their political influence grow along with populations. Seats in House of Representatives are reapportioned to reflect population changes. Since the 1970s, Sunbelt states have gained more than 35 Electoral College votes at the expense of the Rust Belt states. Between 1964 and 2004, every successful candidate for President came from a Sunbelt State.
REAGAN DOCTRINE U.S. would not simply confine itself to the containment of Communism, it would also attempt to roll-back Communism by aiding anti-communist freedom fighters in Afghanistan, Angola, Nicaragua, & Cambodia Peace Through Strength: the best way to prevent war was to make America s enemies think that the U.S. had both the means and the will to stop aggression. To carry this out, Reagan sharply increased military spending.
https://www.yout ube.com/watch?v= Uc7O-SLoICw What important acts were performed during Reagans administration? How did they impact America?
REAGAN DOCTRINE Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI): Star Wars researching an anti-ballistic defense system, using lasers to shoot down missiles in order to prevent a nuclear attack
Reagan Doctrine Reagan s 2 nd term witnessed the triumph of democracy in many parts of the world including the Philippines & Latin America, in which dictatorships and military governments were replaced by democratically elected civilian governments.
Threat of Terrorism Terrorism: use of bombing, assassination, kidnapping, or other acts of terror to ensure a political group s voice is heard In 1982, an Israeli force invaded Lebanon, setting a civil war between Christians & Palestinian refugees. Lebanon requests help from the US. In 1983, a suicide bomber attacked American & French barracks in Beirut, capital of Lebanon
Threat of Terrorism 241 US Marines & 58 French were killed Reagan removes all forces from Lebanon Reagan announced that he would not negotiate with terrorists, and even bombed 2 cities in Libya in 1986 when he thought its leader, Muammar Gaddafi, had supported terrorist activities
Iran Contra Affair In 1986, officials in Reagan Administration acted against the policy of refusing to negotiate with terrorists by secretly selling arms to Iran as part of a deal in exchange for the release of American hostages in Lebanon. Profits from sales of arms to Iran were then diverted to support the anti-communist Contra rebels fighting the Communist govt in Nicaragua. This was done even after Congress had prohibited any US aid to the Contras.
Effects of Iran Contra Affair When exposed to the public, it shocked the nation. Several officials were convicted of lying to Congress & sent to prison Iran Contra Affair greatly tarnished America s credibility in the world, and once again the US citizens question their trust in their government
Reagan & the Cold War The final years of Reagan s administration, saw the beginnings of the end of the Cold War Mikhail Gorbachev (head of Soviet Communist Party in 1985) introduces reforms in the Soviet Union, and agreed to meet with Reagan. Gorbachev & Reagan sign an agreement dismantling thousands of nuclear missiles.
Conservative vs. Liberal CONSERVATIVE -National govt governs best when it governs least -When businesses prosper, prosperity will trickle down to ALL Americans -Regardless of tax cuts, the national govt SHOULDN T be spending our limited resources on programs that give people free handouts -Shrink the size of the federal govt- letting the state & local govts take care of the needs of citizens LIBERAL -Federal govt has an obligation to monitor businesses. It needs to prevent them from polluting the environment & taking advantage of consumers & workers -Cutting taxes may lead to cutting federal programs. These programs provide help the most needy. -The National govt should ensure that ideals like equality & opportunity are attainable to all Americans.
Whenever normal agencies prove inadequate to the task and it becomes necessary for the Executive Branch of the Federal Government to use its powers and authority to uphold Federal Courts, The President s responsibility in inescapable. In accordance with that responsibility, I have today issued an Executive Order directing the use of troops under Federal authority to aid in the execution of Federal law at Little Rock, Arkansas. This becomes necessary when my Proclamation of yesterday was not observed, and the obstruction of justice still continues - President Dwight D. Eisenhower, September 24, 1957 The situation described in this statement grew out of efforts to A. Uphold the Voting Rights Act B. pass a constitutional amendment ending poll taxes C. enforce the decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka D. extend the Montgomery bus boycott to Little Rock Bell Ringer: On a separate piece of paper titled STAAR review questions answer the question
Partner Activity With a partner, you will use the History Alive book to answer questions from the perspective of a liberal and a conservative giving an argument for both sides! (Conservative & Liberal) Is deregulation good for America? (page 629) Is New Federalism good for America? (Section 3) Is supply-side economics good for America? (Section 3) Are reductions in federal social welfare programs good for America? (Section 4)
If you have not taken your test or did not pass you have until April 12 to take care of this. There will be no tutorials Friday after school! Agenda: GET YOUR PAPER OUT FROM YESTERDAY AND GET TO WORK Reagan Conservative vs Liberal/ President H.W. Bush Notes
If you and your partner, finish the first part on the back add Section 4 Is the Conservatism Dominating the Supreme Court good for America? Section 4 Are Reagan s Civil Rights Policies good for America? (Conservative & Liberal)
Is deregulation good for America? (Section 3) Conservative response Yes! Because. It removes government regulations in order to increase business competition and efficiency & promote free enterprise. It makes businesses more profitable and allows them to pass on savings to consumers. Liberal response No! It is harmful because It jeopardizes the environment by lowering federal standards on air and water quality. It leads to a weakening of worker safety laws, which endangers workers and the general public.
Is new federalism good for America? (Section 3) Conservative response Yes! Because. It shrinks the size of the federal government by shifting power to the states. The system of block grants gives states more flexibility, allowing them to allocate resources in ways that suite their individual needs. Liberal response No! It is harmful because Block grants provide less funding for social programs than the federal programs they replace.
Is supply side economics good for America? (Section 3) Conservative response Yes! Because. It provides business incentives to increase the supply of goods and services, which in turn sparks economic growth. By lowering taxes, people save more and invest their earnings, which allows companies to produce more and hire more workers. Liberal response No! It is harmful because Tax cuts benefit the rich more than the poor It widens the income gap between rich and poor.
Are reductions in federal social welfare programs good for America? (Section 4) Conservative response Yes! Because. such programs stifle personal initiative and produce a dependence on government aid. Such programs trap people in a cycle of poverty Liberal response No! It is harmful because They hurt the poor and force cities to reduce services to those in need They often severely affect single women with young children and young adults with few job skills and little education
Is the Conservatives Dominating the Court good for America? (Section 4) Conservative response Yes! Because. Schools have an obligation to maintain discipline Schools have an obligation to ensure students safety A conservative court leads to decisions of less government. Liberal response No! It is harmful because They deny students equal protection under the law.
Are Reagan s civil rights policies good for America? (Section 4) Conservative response Yes! Because. Federal efforts to enforce civil rights bring up resentment and infringe on the rights of state & local governments. They call for an end to affirmative action, which is a form of reverse discrimination. Liberal response No! It is harmful because They turn back the clock on civil rights. They lead to worsening conditions in inner cities.
George H.W. Bush Presidency 1989-1993 Bush served as Vice President for 2 terms under Reagan. Bush promised to continue Reagan s policies, but with greater emphasis on homelessness, poverty, improving education, and fighting drug use. Bush s greatest domestic challenge: reduce the budget deficit. Easing tensions in Soviet Union allowed for cuts in military spending, and Bush increased income taxes on the wealthy in 1990.
George H.W. Bush Presidency 1989-1993 Bush made several appointments to the Supreme Court, leading to a conservative majority. The Supreme Court toughened rules for criminal defendants, reduced the scope of abortion rights, and many other changes Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990: Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment & public accommodations.
Bush s Foreign Policy End of Cold War: 1989-1991, Eastern Europe moved from Communism to democracy, the Berlin Wall was torn down, and Germany was reunited. In 1991, the Cold War ends. The Soviet Union dissolved and was replaced by the Commonwealth of Independent States. Bush recognizes Russia & new republics and offered them economic assistance.
Bush s Foreign Policy The Gulf War: 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait, capturing its vast oil wealth & extending Iraq s border. Hussein refused UN requests to withdraw. UN forces landed an attack against Iraq. Invasion succeeded in only a few days, Hussein agreed to remove all Iraqi troops from Kuwait & pay Kuwait for damages.
If you have not taken your test or did not pass you have until TODAY to take care of this. End of the Six Weeks is Friday. Check Skyward. If you are not passing you need to arrange tutorials to get this taken care of! Agenda: Clinton Administration Chapter 27
The American Dream:
The American Dream: Complete the American Dream Worksheet. You may use your phone or Jarrett Book to look up the people and information. You must draw the symbol and color it! When you complete it turn it in and complete the Effects of Culture on US History sheet & turn it in COMPLETED!
Some of these words are clues about what you ll have to do on the test You ll have to identify changes in History. You ll have to read and analyze statements and excerpts. You ll need to determine when and why trends increased or decreased. You ll have to find evidence to support claims Can you define these words and explain why they are important in US History? If you can explain what the word means and why it is important, you know it! If you can t, then you ll want to make flashcards for the words you don t know. Complete your chart and turn it in to the tray!
The conflict is still sharpening throughout the world between two political systems. The one system represents government by freedom of choice exercised by the individual citizens. In the other, and opposing system, individual freedom and initiative are all subordinate to the totalitarian state. - President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1938 What was the ultimate result of the situation President Roosevelt refers to in this excerpt? A. A surge of social unrest in South America B. The outbreak of WWII C. A shift in favor of the policy of appeasement D. The overthrow of the monarchy in Russia
General John J Pershing made a major contribution to the Allied victory in World War I by A. negotiating the terms of the Treaty of Versailles B. requesting humanitarian aid from Congress for war-torn countries C. Developing advanced technologies for battlefield use D. Transforming inexperienced troops into an effective military force