Name: Date: Period: VUS 8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and The Progressive Era Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 1
Objectives about Title VUS8 The student will demonstrate knowledge of how the nation grew and changed from the end of Reconstruction through the early twentieth century by c) analyzing prejudice and discrimination during this time period, with emphasis on Jim Crow and the responses of Booker T Washington and WEB DuBois; d) identifying the causes and impact of the Progressive Movement, including the excesses of the Gilded Age, child labor and antitrust laws, the rise of labor unions, and the success of the women s suffrage movement The New Immigrants Main Idea: Immigration from Europe, Asia, the Caribbean, and Mexico reached a new high in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries Why it Matters Now: This wave of immigration helped make the United States the diverse society it is today I Through the Golden Door A Background 1 Millions of immigrants entered the US in the late 19 th and early 20 th century 2 push factors (reasons to leave their homeland) = 3 pull factors (reasons to come to the US) B Old Immigrants 1 Immigrants who came to the US prior to 1871, usually from countries in 2 EX 3 Many worked on canals or railroads, or in textile mills in the North and Midwest C New Immigrants 1 Immigrants who came to the US from 1871 to 1921, usually from countries in 2 EX Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 2
3 Many worked in textile (a lot went to New York) or steel mills or in coal mines D Asian Immigration 1 Smaller numbers of Asian immigrants came to the West Coast of the US between 1851-1883 2 EX 3 Many Chinese immigrants helped to II Life in the New Land A Ellis Island 1 Near the Statue of Liberty first view of the US for many immigrants 2 Immigrants had to pass inspections to gain entry to the US a Physical exams, document inspections, criminal record, proof of work skills SIG B Angel Island 1 Inspection process was more difficult than at Ellis Island SIG 50,000 immigrants entered the US through Angel Island C Assimilation Process 1 Most immigrants settled in urban ethnic neighborhoods a Areas with people of the same ethnicity, culture, religion, and language b Made assimilation into American society easier 2 Most immigrants worked hard to assimilate into American society a b Adopted c Became d were instrumental in assimilating children of immigrants III Immigration Restrictions A Melting pot B Rise of Nativism 1 Fear that immigrants would Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 3
2 Resentment that many immigrants did not 3 Prejudice based on religions, cultural, and racial differences C Immigration Restriction Legislation 1 Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) 2 Immigration Restriction Act Segregation and Discrimination Main Idea: Discrimination and segregation against Africa-Americans intensified and took new forms in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries African Americans disagreed about how to respond to the developments Why it Matters Now: Today, African Americans have the legacy of a century-long battle for civil rights I African-Americans Fight Legal Discrimination A Background 1 During Reconstruction, African-Americans faced violent opposition to their new constitutional rights, especially voting rights B Voting Restrictions all Southern states passed voting restriction on African-Americans 1 Literacy Test 2 Poll Tax 3 Grandfather clause SIG C Jim Crow Laws SIG Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 4
D Plessy v Ferguson (1896) 1 Established separate but equal doctrine SIG II African-American Responses A Great Migration SIG B Ida B Wells 1 led an and called for the federal government to act to stop oppression of African-Americans C Booker T Washington 1 Believed that the way to equality was through 2 Did not openly challenge 3 Founded the D WEB DuBois 1 Believed that 2 Supported political for African-Americans by helping to form The Progressive Era Main Idea: Political economic, and social change in the late 19 th century America led to broad progressive reforms Why it Matters Now: Progressive reforms in areas such as labor nad voting rights reinforced democratic principles that continue to exist today Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 5
I Urbanization in the Gilded Age A Background 1 Gilded Age B Cities 1 Grew throughout the late 19 th century as a result of industrial growth 2 EX Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, and New York City 3 Centers for manufacturing and transportation create industrial jobs 4 Harsh conditions for laborers in C Improvements? 1 systems were improved 2 systems were improved a Trolley, streetcar, and subways (began in NYC) were developed 3 Labor supply to citied increased due to II Goals of Progressivism A Middle-class progressive reformers waned to fix many of the problems that resulted from industrialization and urbanization in the 19 th Century (the Gilded Age) 1 2 Wanted to become more responsive to the needs of the people SIG these issues led to the Progressive Movement B Goals of the Progressive Reformers 1 2 3 Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 6
III Social Reform A Prohibition 1 prohibition of alcohol went into effect B Women s Suffrage 1 National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) benefited from strong leadership 2 Encouraged women to enter the workforce during World War One 3 granted women the right to vote (suffrage) C Economic Reform 1 Background: Laissez-faire capitalism a Big businesses used power to crush competition 2 Muckrakers a exposed horrible conditions of the meatpacking industry in Chicago in his novel, The Jungle 3 Clayton Anti-Trust Act strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act a b Exempted labor unions from prosecuted by the Sherman Anti-Trust Act IV Political Reform A Local Governments 1 Commissioners and city council managers new ways to govern cities more efficiently in 250 cities in the US B State Governments 1 Secret ballot allowed voters to cast a vote 2 Initiative a bill originated 3 Referendum Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 7
4 Recall enabled voters to 5 Primary system C National Government 1 President progressive plan Square Deal a Involved b set aside 2 President Woodrow Wilson s progressive plan New Freedom a Involved 3 progressives wanted to end the use of children in industry 4 outlawed goods being transported from state to state if those products were produced by child labor a Later declared unconstitutional 5 New Amendments a 16 th Amendment established the b 17 th Amendment allowed for the Were previously chosen by the state governments c 18 th Amendment prohibition on the manufacture, sale, and consumption of d 19 th Amendment granted the right to vote Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 8
Glossary VUS 8 c&d Directions: Fill in the definition for the term listed Then, in the box on the right, you have to draw a picture OR write the definition in your own words OR write a sentence using the word that demonstrates its meeting Old Immigrants New Immigrants Ellis Island Angel Island Melting Pot nativism Chinese Exclusion Act Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 9
Glossary VUS 8 c&d Directions: Fill in the definition for the term listed Then, in the box on the right, you have to draw a picture OR write the definition in your own words OR write a sentence using the word that demonstrates its meeting Grandfather Clause Jim Crow Laws Plessy V Ferguson Great Migration Ida B Wells Booker T Washington WEB DuBois Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 10
Glossary VUS 8 c&d Directions: Fill in the definition for the term listed Then, in the box on the right, you have to draw a picture OR write the definition in your own words OR write a sentence using the word that demonstrates its meeting Gilded Age Muckrakers Upton Sinclair 16 th Amendment 17 th Amendment 18 th Amendment 19 h Amendment Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 11
Summary DIRECTIONS: Choose only one of the following: a) write a summary (25-75 words) of what you believe was the most important aspect of the notes/lecture b) write what you believe to be the most interesting or memorable part of the notes/lecture (25-75 words) c) draw something that symbolizes the notes/lecture to you (has to be different than your title page) Notes VUS8c&d: Immigration, Discrimination, and the Progressive Era 12