ONEBOOKAZ 2011 for Kids A LESSON PLAN FOR 4TH GRADE ISLAND HOPPING: THE STORY OF NED BEGAY Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two by Joseph Bruchac One book may be the key to many doors. Joseph Bruchac Created by Jessica Medlin and the Arizona Geographic Alliance for the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
ISLAND HOPPING: THE STORY OF NED BEGAY Students learn geographic concepts through the story of Code Talkers in WWII. Author: Grade Level: Duration: Jessica Medlin 4th Grade NATIONAL GEOGRAPHY STANDARDS Element 1: The World in Spatial Terms Standard 1. How to use maps and other geographic representations, tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report information from a spatial perspective. Element 4: Places and Regions Standard 4. The physical and human characteristics of places. ARIZONA SOCIAL STUDIES STANDARDS Grade 4 Strand 4: Geography Concept 1: The World in Spatial Terms PO 2. Interpret political and physical maps using the following map elements: e. scale. PO 7. Locate physical and human features in Arizona using maps, illustrations, or images. Concept 2: Places and Regions PO 1. Describe how the Southwest has distinct physical and cultural characteristics. OTHER STANDARDS Grade 4 Social Studies Strand 1: American History Concept 8: Great Depression and World War II PO 3. Describe the impact of World War II on Arizona (Native American contributions). Writing Strand 1: Writing Process Concept 1: Prewriting PO 5. Maintain a record of writing ideas. Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
OVERVIEW Navajo Code Talkers played an important role for the U.S. when fighting in World War II. The account of the Code Talkers is both captivating and an example of American patriotism. Students follow the story of the fictional character, Ned Begay, as he leaves his homeland of the Navajo Nation to serve as a Code Talker for the U.S. Marine Corps. PURPOSE In this lesson, students will gain a better understanding of the Navajo contribution to the United States during World War II while following the story of Ned as he starts out at a boarding school and later becomes a U.S. Marine who learns the Navajo Code. The students will understand how Ned s background and culture helped him survive and become successful in his education and his experience as a Marine. MATERIALS Code Talker: A Novel about the Navajo Marines of World War Two by Joseph Bruchac or enough books for the students to read in pairs or independently. OBJECTIVES The student will be able to: 2. Compare and contrast his/her first day of school to Ned s first day of boarding school. Code Talker. 6. Calculate the distance Ned traveled on one leg of the journey using the map scale. 7. Explain the importance of the Navajo Code Talkers in World War II. Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
PROCEDURES Note to Teachers: While many activities can be done with this book, the following are ways to incorporate geographic learning as the book is read and discussed. Depending on the reading level of the students, the book can be read by the teacher or students can read independently or in pairs. CHAPTER ONE Describe their feelings and the setting. 2. Show the students the Code Talker book. Explain the story of Ned Begay and give background on Navajo Code Talkers. miles away, and he didn t know anyone. He would only go home for the long vacations. At the boarding school, he was not allowed to use the Navajo language and was forced to only use English. He was taught to forget his culture. It was very difficult, but he worked hard at school. Eventually he joined the Marines and became a Navajo Code Talker.) CHAPTER TWO 2. Show pictures of the reservation. Discuss what type of lifestyle Navajos have while living in the desert area. Ask students to create two columns in their journals where they will list the human and physical characteristics of the reservation. written in their journal entries. CHAPTER FIVE TO SEVEN Arizona s population in another color. This should give the students a grasp of how many more people Japan had in this time period than Arizona. most densely populated countries in the world. Discuss what problems could happen with that many people living in such a small area. (Land is very expensive; houses and farms are small; must depend on the sea for food; people have consumed much of the resources; must bring in lumber, minerals, and food; cities are very densely populated; pollution occurs due to so many people, etc.) map in their journals as the book is being read. earthquakes caused many to lose their homes, they had no wood or coal to heat their homes, and they had no food or shelter. Their leaders decided to attack other places for the things they needed.) How could Ned s knowledge of Japan and geography help him when he joined the Marines? (Ned loved studying geography, and he knew a lot helped support a food drive for the Japanese.) 5. Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
CHAPTER THIRTEEN large ocean). CHAPTER FIFTEEN desert side of Hawaii for two days without water. Ask students to make two columns in their journals labeled Big Island and Arizona and to write down how the climate with prickly pear cactus. Though the Hawaiian Islands are humid and warm with tropical plants, the Then tell the students to explain why Ned and the other Navajos were so successful at this exercise. (Ned and the other Navajos knew how to get water from the cactus and would sneak drinks whenever the other Marines weren t looking. They were also used to long walks carrying heavy loads.) CHAPTERS SIXTEEN TO END 2. Discuss what it must have been like for Ned to leave Arizona and acclimate himself to a tropical island. Encourage betel nuts. Ned also had to always watch for leeches, spiders, poisonous centipedes, and scorpions.) 5. Iwo Jima 8. Arizona (back home after the war) Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
ASSESSMENT EXTENSIONS writing assignment. SOURCES Code Talker: A Novel about the Navajo Marines of World War Two. New York: http://alliance.la.asu.edu/azga/. Look for photos that show human and physical features. Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
Arizona s Indian Reservations 25 115 W 114 113 112 111 110 109 37 N KAIBAB PAIUTE 1907 NAVAJO 1868 37 N Co l orad o 36 HUALAPAI 1882 HAVASUPAI 1880 HOPI 1882 36 35 34 33 32 31 Yuma Co l or ado KAIBAB PAIUTE 1907 FORT MOJAVE MOJAVE 1890 Wil B i l l li a m s COLORADO RIVER MOJAVE - CHEMEHUEVI 1865 FORT YUMA QUECHAN 1884 COCOPAH 1917 G i la 1898 1912 Reservation name Tribal name, if different from reservation name Year reservation established Ver d e YAVAPAI PRESCOTT 1935 SAN LUCY 1882 GILA BEND 1882 Phoenix AK-CHIN TOHONO O'ODHAM 1912 Notes: * Many small parcels of Yavapai Indian lands are along the central Verde River, and are governed from near Camp Verde. ** San Xavier Reservation is governed from the Tohono O'odham Reservation. Reservation boundaries are not static. Flagstaff CAMP VERDE* YAVAPAI 1914 FORT McDOWELL YAVAPAI 1903 Salt SALT RIVER PIMA - MARICOPA 1879 GILA RIVER PIMA - MARICOPA 1859 PAYSON YAVAPAI 1974 Santa Cr uz FORT APACHE APACHE S an P ed ro Tucson TOHONO O'ODHAM SAN XAVIER** 1917 TOHONO O'ODHAM PASQUA YAQUI YAQUI 1978 1874 1871 L i tt le ZUNI 1984 SAN CARLOS APACHE 1872 G ila C o lo r a do 0 20 40 60 80 100 Miles 35 34 33 32 31 115 W 114 113 112 111 110 109 Courtesy: Arizona Geographic Alliance, http://alliance.la.asu.edu/azga/ School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State University Douglas Minnis and Becky L. Eden Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
20 0 20 Code Talker Locations 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 60 40 40 60 0 1000 2000 3000 Miles 0 3000 Kilometers Projection: Robinson Courtesy: Arizona Geographic Alliance School of Geographical Sciences, Arizona State University Becky L. Eden Code_Talkers.PDF07 Prime Meridian West of Prime Meridian East of Prime Meridian 80 N Normandy Anzio Salerno Okinawa Iwo Jima Saipan Tinian Guam Peleliu New Britain Enewetak Atoll Kwajalein Tarawa Bougainville Guadalcanal Equator 80 S Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two
Code Talker: A Novel About the Navajo Marines of World War Two