CONTENTS Preface Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations List of Cases i - iv v- vii viii- x xi CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION 1-16 1.1 Significance of the Study and its Relevance 1.2 Need for the Present Study 1.3 Scope of the Study 1.4 Objectives of study 1.5 Hypothesis 1.6 Methodology 1.7 Treatment of the Topic CHAPTER II: NATURE AND SCOPE OF CORRUPTION IN INDIA 17-70 2.1 Evaluation of Corruption in India 2.2 Corruption as a social evil 2.3 Roots of Corruption in India 2.4 Definition and meaning of Corruption 2.5 Types of Corruption 2.5.1 Petty, Administrative or Bureaucratic Corruption 2.5.2 Grand Corruption 2.5.3 State or regulatory capture and Influence peddling 2.5.4 Patronage, paternalism, clienteles, and being a team player 2.5.5 Systematic corruption
2.6 Causes of Corruption 2.6.1 Political patronage 2.6.2 Administrative Labyrinth 2.6.3 Lack of punishment 2.7 Consequences of Corruption 2.7.1 Impact on Democracy 2.7.2 Corruption Impedes Economic Growth 2.7.3 Corruption and development 2.7.4 Impact on Human Rights 2.8 Political appointments and corruption 2.9 India s position in Corruption Perception Index Report 2.9.1 Corruption Perception Index 2.10 Summary of the Chapter CHAPTER III: LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR FIGHTING CORRUPTION 71-107 3.1 Evolution of Anticorruption Laws in India 3.2 Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 3.3 Statement of Object and Reasons 3.4 Definition, Meaning and Scope of Public Servant 3.4.1 M.L.A. /M.P. / Chairman of the Rajya Sabha or Speaker of the Lok Sabha/public servants 3.4.2 Minister is a public servant 3.4.3 Chairman of Co-operative Society is a public Servant
3.4.4 Ex-public Servant can be prosecuted under P.C Act, 1988 3.5 Investigation of corruption cases under Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 3.6 Speeding up trials under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 3.7 Power to appoint Special Judge 3.7.1 Special Judges to be appointed for a particular area or for a particular case or class of cases 3.8 Powers of Special Judge 3.9 Offences and Penalties under Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 3.10 Cases trial by Special Judge 3.10.1. Speedy trial of cases by Special Judge 3.11 Other Laws and provisions to tackle corruption 3.11.1 Article 311 of the Indian Constitution 3.11.2 Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 3.11.3 Right to Information Act, 2005 3.12 Summary of the Chapter CHAPTER IV: INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND CORRUPTION 108-168 4.1 Anti-Corruptions Agencies 4.2. Central Vigilance Commission: An Autonomous Anticorruption body 4.2.1 Statutory Status of the Commission 4.2.2 Powers and Functions of CVC in Terms of Government Resolution dated 11.02.1964 4.2.3 Additional Powers under the Central Vigilance Commission Ordinance 4.2.4 Central Vigilance Commission s Jurisdiction
4.2.5 Commission s jurisdiction in terms of Central Vigilance Commission Ordinance 4.2.6 Resolving difference of opinion between the CBI and the Administrative Authorities 4.2.7 Restraints on the Commission s Jurisdiction 4.2.8 Multi Member Commission 4.2.9 Commission s Staff and Technical Wing 4.2.10 Commission s Strength 4.2.11 Central Vigilance Commission Act, 2003 4.3. Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) 4.3.1 Background of CBI 4.3.2 Moto, Mission and Vision of CBI 4.3.3 Roles and Functions of CBI 4.3.3.1 Investigation and Anti-corruption Division (Delhi Special Police Establishment) 4.3.3.2 Functions of the Technical Division 4.3.3.3 Crime Records and Statistics Division 4.3.3.4 Functions of Research Division 4.3.3.5 Functions of Legal and General Division 4.3.3.5.1 Legal Division 4.3.3.5.2 General Division 4.3.3.6 Administration Division 4.4 Anti Corruption Bureau of Andhra Pradesh 4.4.1 Mission of ACB 4.4.2 Objective of Anti-Corruption Bureau 4.4.3 Functions of Anti Corruption Bureau 4.4.4 Public Opinion on Corruption and performance of Anti Corruption Bureau 4.5. Comptroller and Auditor General 4.6. The Lokpal 4.7 The Lokyukta and Upa Lokyukta 4.8 Summary of the Chapter
CHAPTER V: INTERNATIONAL ANTI-CORRUPTION AGENCIES TO CURB CORRUPTION 169-221 5.1 Anti-Corruption Agencies 5.2 Hong Kong s Independent Commission Against Corruption 5.2.1 Legal Framework 5.2.2 Scope of Action 5.2.3 Independence and accountability 5.2.4 Staffing and Budget 5.2.5 Community participation 5.2.6. Mandate and institutional links of the key anticorruption institution 5.2.6.1 Operations Department 5.2.6.2 Corruption Prevention Department 5.2.6.3 Community Relations Department 5.2.6.4 ICAC Complaints Committee 5.2.6.5 Office of the Ombudsman 5.3 Singapore s: Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB): 5.3.1 Legal Framework 5.3.2 Scope of Action 5.3.3 Independence and Accountability 5.3.4 Staffing and Budget 5.3.5 Community Participation 5.4 The New South Wales Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) Australia 5.41 Background of ICAC (New South Wales) Australia 5.4.2 Mandate and institutional links of the key anti-corruption institution 5.4.3 Organizational Structure of ICAC NSW Australia 5.4.4 Operational arrangements 5.4.5 Office of the Ombudsman
5.5 United States Office of Government Ethics (OGE) 5.5.1 Background of the Office of Government Ethics 5.5.2 Organisational Structure of Office of Government Ethics 5.5.3 Legal Frame work of Office of Government Ethics 5.5.4 The US integrity Framework CHAPTER VI: SUMMARY, FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS 222-251 6.1 Summary 6.1.1. Corruption and its Arena 6.1.2. Legal Frame Work for Combating Corruption 6.1.3. Institutional Framework and Corruption 6.1.4. International Anti-Corruption Agencies & Strategies 6.2 Testing of Hypotheses 6.3 Research Findings 6.3.1 Findings from the Field Study 6.4 Suggestions and Conclusion