Unit 3 - Culture and Currents of Thought Current of Thought Imperialism Pages in textbook Done last chapter Capitalism 48, 49, 50, 53 Feminism 51, 52, 72 Agriculturalism 57 French Canadian Nationalism Canadian Nationalism 57-61 57, 58, 59 Current of Thought Pages in textbook Cooperatism 61 Socialism 62 Communism 62 Fascism 63 Americanism 64 Secularism 64, 65 Quebec Nationalism 69, 70 Aboriginalism 71 Neo-Liberalism 73
Population and Settlement A. Migrations
Culture and Currents of Thought Cultural and ideological evolution in Canada and Quebec from 1867-1920 English, Scottish, Irish, Italians, Jewish, Greek, and many more immigrants move to Canada and Quebec from around the world. They bring their own traditions, festivals, food, etc. Ideologies (ways of thinking) are no longer uniform across Canada. French Canadians (now called Quebecois) are becoming increasingly concerned about the decline of their culture due to the arrival of so many immigrants...
Culture and Currents of Thought Capitalism Definition: Economic system that encourages the accumulation of wealth and profit, as well as free competition. People/groups who represent Capitalism: Elite British businesses class, John Redpath, banks, insurance companies, Cultural expressions of Capitalism: Sun Life building, businesses, Golden Square Mile, Saint- Henri/Lachine Canal area.
Culture and Currents of Thought Capitalism Sun Life Building, pg. 48
Culture and Currents of Thought
Culture and Currents of Thought Capitalism and wealth ($$$) turn to page in notes
Economy and Development Contemporary Period
The Great Depression 1929-1939
Economy and Development Contemporary Period How did we get out of the depression? During the depression the government got involved in the economy to get people back to work: Govt s spend money on public works (infrastructure) like bridges, tunnels, roads. Govt s pass laws to help the unemployed Pension Act Unemployment insurance $$$
Population and Settlement To stop the exodus of the Fr. Can., the QC gov. opened up new areas of colonization (cheap land). Abitibi, Mauricie, Laurentians
Culture and Currents of Thought Agriculturalism Definition: An ideology that values a traditional way of life based on agricultural work, promotion of rural traditional French Catholic way of life People/groups who represent Agriculturalism: Traditional French Canadiens, farmers, Curé Labelle, Honoré Mercier Cultural expressions of Agriculturalism: Songs, stories, TV shows and books that spoke of the rural French way of life.
Economy and Development Contemporary Period New Political Parties emerge The Great Depression left many people questioning whether free market capitalism really works Many people start wondering: Should governments start getting involved in the economy to ensure the Great Depression does not happen again? Exact same thing happening today!!! Why do we study history? So we learn from our mistakes in the past to not repeat them again in the future!... But we keep on making the same mistakes
Economy and Development Contemporary Period New Political Parties (p. 62, 63) Communist Parties emerge (1921): Abolition of private property and the capitalist system Fascist Parties (1934): Totalitarian regime based on extreme nationalism Hitler s Fascist Party All these parties were not very successful in Quebec because they wanted more Federal government intervention in the Provinces Not popular in Quebec (still today)
Culture and Currents of Thought Socialism Definition: An ideology that defends the interests of the greater number of people rather than those of small groups. Only governments can defend this ideology. People/groups who represent socialism: Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), Labour Progressive Party, Labour Defence League Cultural expressions of socialism: Unions, defence of workers, Protests demanding social equity, Books advocating socialist ideas
Culture and Currents of Thought 1961
Culture and Currents of Thought Fascism Definition: An ideology that promotes tradition and totalitarianism, as well as extreme ethnic nationalism Cult of the leader, single political party People/groups who represent Fascism: Hitler, Mussolini, blueshirts, National Social Christian Party. Cultural expressions of Fascism: Hitler and Mussolini Books, articles, paintings, anti-semitic posters
Economy and Development Contemporary Period D. The Economy During War To supply our allies during the war factories in QC were converted to produce military equipment The production of food, arms, and clothes boosted the economy in QC and created jobs Unemployment decreased quickly
Economy and Development Contemporary Period Production of steel, chemicals, and food increased. Women were now working in the factories as most men were out fighting the war.
Culture and Currents of Thought Feminism Definition: Demands for the improvement of the status of women and demanded equality in the social, legal, economic and political spheres People/groups who represent Feminism: Women, Therese Casgrain, Federation des Femmes du Quebec (FFQ) Cultural expressions of Feminism: Protests, fought for legal rights, wrote in books, newspapers, plays Casgrain Kirkland
Economy and Development Contemporary Period E. 1945 1960 After WW2 Europe needed to be rebuilt Quebec had many resources that could be used in the rebuilding process Iron / Steel, Lumber, Aluminum, etc.
Economy and Development Contemporary Period Production increased in mining and petrochemicals Demand from the US increased Creation of the St. Lawrence Seaway Pg 210 Building the St-Laurence Seaway (1957) Victoria Bridge
Economy and Development Contemporary Period Highways, suburbia, shopping centres develop More demand meant more jobs Increased wages and purchasing power Workers demand more rights: 40 hour work week, 5 days / week Protection against illness Equal pay between men and women Vacations, health insurance, overtime pay Catholic unions created
The Modernization of Quebec (1929 1970) Post WW2 1944-1960 American investment would bring American culture with it that would significantly alter Quebec society People have a lot of capital ($$) to spend on new items like a TV, car, radio, fridge, etc.
The Modernization of Quebec (1929 1970) Post WW2 1944-1960
The Modernization of Quebec (1929 1970) Post WW2 1944-1960 Quebec After WW2 (1944 60) - Economy Car culture and suburbs emerge
The Modernization of Quebec (1929 1970) Post WW2 1944-1960
The Modernization of Quebec (1929 1970) Post WW2 1944-1960 Car culture and suburbs Fast Food, Traffic
The Modernization of Quebec (1929 1970) Post WW2 1944-1960 Car culture and suburbs (2012)
Culture and Currents of Thought Americanism Definition: A way of life that resembled that of the United States People/groups who represent Americanism: Large corporations, Ed Sullivan Cultural expressions of Americanism: TV shows, Hollywood movies, radio, drive-in theatres, suburbia, highways, fast food
Culture and Currents of Thought Cooperatism Definition: An economic system that encourages the pooling of resources and a shared management style, as well as profits People/groups who represent cooperatism: Desjardins, farmer unions Cultural expressions of cooperatism: Agricultural Co-ops
Culture and Currents of Thought Secularism Definition: An ideology that maintains that only spiritual matters are within the jurisdiction of the church Limiting religious life to the private sphere People/groups who represent secularism: Paul-Emile Borduas, young intellectuals, Cultural expressions of secularism: Refus Globale Removal of the church from education and healthcare
Culture and Currents of Thought Canadian Nationalism Definition: A Canada that takes pride in being part of the British Empire, and provides financial and military support to the UK. People/groups who represent Canadian Nationalism: Wilfred Laurier, Canadian leaders Cultural expressions of Canadian Nationalism: Creation of the Canadian Navy, Canadian Red Ensign.
Culture and Currents of Thought French Canadian Nationalism Definition: Attachment to the French language, Catholic religion, Independence from the British Empire People represent Fr. Can. Nationalism: Henri Bourassa, Lionel Groulx, Honoré Mercier Expressions of Fr. Can. Nationalism: Speeches denouncing Canada s role in Britain s wars, opinion articles in newspapers, Creation of Fr. Can. Newspapers (ex: Le Devoir, La Verité) Henri Bourassa Lionel Groulx
Culture and Currents of Thought Quebec Nationalism Definition: Political ideology that defends the rights of Quebecers Protect the French language and distinct character of Quebec society People/groups who represent... : Duplessis, Rene Levesque, Pauline Marois, Parti Quebecois, Cultural expressions of... : Stage shows, poems, articles, speeches, Bill 101, referendum to separate from Canada.
Culture and Currents of Thought Duplessis René Lévesque (1980)
Culture and Currents of Thought Aboriginalism Definition: An attitude of consideration and preservation of the Aboriginal peoples traditions and languages. People/groups who represent Aboriginalism:... Cultural expressions of Aboriginalism: Inuit throat singing First people festival Pow-wow Page 71
Culture and Currents of Thought Neoliberalism Definition: An ideology that advocates a laissez-faire, free market approach to the economy Reduction in state interventions in life and the economy People/groups who represent neoliberalism: Multinational corporations, political parties Movements that oppose neoliberalism Global justice movement Environmental organizations Social economy movements
Economy and Development Contemporary Period Neo-liberalism A CRJ series airplane from Bombardier Computer Engineering Knowledge Economy
Power and Countervailing Power Who is in power, and what groups can counter that power? Political power vs. the power of interest groups
Power and Countervailing Power Reasons for Confederation 1. Political: End political instability, minority governments and French / English disputes. 2. Military: Manifest destiny (threat of American invasion) Need an army 3. Economic: Need to unite Quebec, Ontario, and the Maritime Provinces to create a larger marketplace 4. Territorial: Colonize the West
Power and Countervailing Power The 4 provinces of Canada? Québec Ontario New Brunswick Nova Scotia In what year and on what date did London establish Canada as a country? July 1st, 1867
Power and Countervailing Power
Power and Countervailing Power The British North American Act (B.N.A. Act) The Legal Document that makes Canada a country by law in 1867. Divides certain responsibilities between the Provincial and Federal Governments Provincial Jurisdiction Federal Jurisdiction - Education - Indian affairs - Taxes Shared between both - Municipalities - Defence and army - Agriculture - Roads, public works - Currency, Banking - Immigration - Healthcare - Postal service - Fisheries - Civil Law (marriage) - Communications - Justice - Economic Devel.
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between the Church and the State - 1960s: Loss of control over healthcare and education (social services)
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between businesses and the State
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between Native people and the State - Louis Riel
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between Native people and the State - Cree: Hydro, James Bay
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between Unions and the State -Workers rights -Catholic unions created -Padlock Law 1937: Duplessis crack down on communism / unions
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between feminist groups and the state
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between media and the state
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between linguistic groups and the state
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between the nationalist movement and the state
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Quebec Nationalism and the F.L.Q. Crisis (1960 1970) October Crisis, War Measures Act
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers The Quiet Revolution (1960 1970)
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between the environmental groups and the state - Creation of political parties, - Minister of the Environment
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Power relations between movements for social justice and the state
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Federal-provincial relations Provincial Jurisdiction Federal Jurisdiction - Education - Indian affairs - Taxes - Municipalities - Defence and army - Agriculture Shared between both - Roads, public works - Currency, Banking - Immigration - Healthcare - Postal service - Fisheries - Civil Law (marriage) - Communications - Justice - Economic Devel.
Unit 4 Power and Countervailing Powers Federal-provincial relations