Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) I. The Senate and the H. of R. (Chapter 5 The Legislative Branch, Section 1) What is the job of the Legislative Branch? Where are the powers of Congress outlined in the Constitution? Organization of Congress: 1. Congress is... 2 houses 2. The lower house is called the where representation is based on. 3. The upper house is called the where representation is based on. The House of Representatives: members are called 1. Total members in the H of R = ; the number of Representatives a state gets is based on ; each state must have Representative. 2. The number of Representatives a state gets can change Every 10 years the US counts the population in a After the census, the 435 seats are distributed, or. Representatives can be added or taken away based on changes in a state s population this is called.
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) 3. Each Representative represents a specific group of people in an area called a. If a state gains or loses Representatives during the apportionment process, the states must redraw the districts this is called. 4. Each district should contain a number of voters called. 5. Sometimes state legislators try and draw districts that will benefit a particular political party, politician, or group of people. They usually turn out odd shaped. This is called. Gerrymandering has been declared. 6. Term in the H of R = years. Any limits? 7. When are Representatives elected? The Senate: members are called 1. Total members in the Senate = : from each state. 2. Senators do not represent a portion of the state like Representatives; Senators represent the. 3. Term in the Senate = years. Any limits? What has the Supreme Court said about term limits? Why?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) Qualifications of Membership: House of Representatives Age Citizenship Residence Senate Leaders of the House and the Senate: 1. Speaker of the House: member of the party who presides over the House of Reps. What does the Speaker do? 2. Floor Leaders: leaders in each house of Congress that guide their political party; aka leaders. a. Majority Leader: one in the House; one in the Senate b. Minority Leader: one in the House; one in the Senate. What do they do? c. Majority Whip: one in the House; one in the Senate d. Minority Whip: one in the House; one in the Senate. What do they do?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) 3. President of the Senate: the of the US is the official. Leader of the Senate; can t debate and only votes if there is a. 4. President Pro Tempore: member of the party who is the day-to-day leader of the Senate. What does pro tempore mean? A. Committees: 1. Congress considers thousands of, or proposed laws, each year. 2. Committees are smaller groups of Congress members that sort through bills. 3. How are committees helpful to Congress? 4. Name some types of committees in Congress. 5. What is the different between a joint committee and a conference committee?
II. Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) The Powers of Congress (Chapter 5 The Legislative Branch) The actions of Congress are very important, often impacting the lives of people in the US and around the world. A. Powers Granted to Congress 1. Where are the powers granted to Congress listed?. 2. The powers of Congress listed in the Constitution are called powers because they are granted by the Constitution. 3. Fill in the following chart with information regarding the five areas of Congressional power 1. Includes raising and collecting the Government borrowing money, printing and coinin money, and paying the country s. 2. Regulating and Includes regulating trade with Encouraging American and between the, building roads, and and establishing the postal system. 3. tincludes the power to declare Country 4. the Law, maintain an and, and provide for a citizen army (draft). To make sure the laws they pass are followed, Congress has established a system of national. 5. Providing for Includes the power to regulate, pass laws regarding naturalization, govern the US territories, and admit new.
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) B. Implied Powers 1. What is the meaning of the Necessary and Proper Clause? 2. What is the nickname of the Necessary and Proper Clause? Why? 3. The powers created by the Necessary and Proper Clause are called the powers because they are merely suggested in the Constitution. 4. Give an example of the implied powers of Congress. C. The Power to Impeach a special and important power 1. Which federal officials can be impeached? For what kinds of crimes? 2. Impeachment is the procedure of formally accusing a government official of wrong doing and putting them on trial. 3. Impeachment begins in the when they draw up a list of charges against the accused official. 4. Impeachment continues in the where they hold a trial and act as a jury. It takes a vote of the Senate to convict and remove a government official from office.
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter ( 5, the Legislative Branch) 5. Name the two presidents who have been impeached. Were they removed? D. Special Powers Fill in the following chart listing the special powers of Congress House of Representatives 1. 1. Senate 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. E. Limits on Powers 1. How does the Supreme Court limit the powers of Congress? 2. How does the President limit the powers of Congress? 3. How does the 10 th Amendment limit the power of Congress?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter ( 5, the Legislative Branch) 4. Fill in the following chart with specific limits on Congressional power Limits on the Powers o Congress 4. Where are the above limits listed in the Constitution?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) How a Bill Becomes a Law (Chap Chapter 5 The Legislative Branch) The lawmaking process in the United States is a long and difficult one. Why might that be a good thing for our country? A. The Bill is an Idea usually for solving a problem 1. What is another name for a law? 2. Where do ideas for bills originate? B. The Bill is Drafted 1. The idea is discussed with a member of Congress and a bill is, or written down. 2. Only Congress members can introduce or sponsor a bill, so they must be convinced that the idea is a good one. C. The Bill is Introduced 1. A bill can be introduced in either house, unless it is an appropriations bill. What is an appropriations bill? Where is it introduced? 2. In the House of Representatives, bills are introduced by putting them in a box called the. In the Senate, bills are introduced. Why the difference? D. The Bill is Given a Number 1. After the bill is introduced, it is given letters and a number. 2. What letters are assigned to House bills? Senate bills?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) E. The Bill is Sent to Committee 1. Who decides which committees receive which bills? 2. Committee options a. The committee sets aside unnecessary bills b. The committee holds public hearings and witnesses testify for and against the bill. Why is this important? c. The committee revises the bill and attaches a committee report. The bill is sent to the House or Senate floor. F. The Bill is Sent to the Floor for Debate 1. Who decides when a bill will reach the floor and be debated? 2. Debate on the floor of the House or Senate a. Debate is restricted in the House of Representatives. Why? b. Debate is unrestricted in the Senate, so Senators can filibuster. What is a filibuster? How can a filibuster be prevented? G. The Bill is Voted Upon 1. What sorts of things can be an influence on how a Congress member votes on a bill? 2. Most important bills are voted on by a roll call vote. What is a roll call vote? Why do you think constituents like the roll call vote?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 5, the Legislative Branch) H. The Bill is Sent to the OTHER house of Congress remember, both houses of Congress must consider and approve a bill for it to become law. If a bill passes one house of Congress, it must start the process over in the other house. I. The Bill is Finalized and Approved by both houses of Congress 1. If a bill passes the House and the Senate in identical form, it is ready to be sent to the President. 2. However, the two houses usually pass different versions of the bill and a conference committee must be called. What is the purpose of a conference committee? Who makes up a conference committee? 3. Both houses approve the final version of the bill. J. The Bill goes to the President he has 3 options 1. The president can the bill and make it! 2. The president can reject, or the bill. What can Congress do in response to the President s veto? How? 3. The president can lay the bill aside for 10 days. After the 10 days are up and the President has not signed the bill A. if Congress is in session, the bill B. if Congress is not in session, the bill. This is called a. Why don t Presidents use the pocket veto often?
How a Bill Becomes a Law 1. The bill is an idea 2. The bill is drafted House of Representatives Senate 3. The bill is introduced 3. The bill is introduced 4. The bill is given a number 4. The bill is given a number 5. The bill is sent to committee and reviewed 5. The bill is sent to committee and reviewed 6. The bill is sent to the House floor for debate 6. The bill is sent to the Senate floor for debate 7. The bill is voted on in the House 7. The bill is voted on in the Senate 8. The bill is sent to the other house for steps 3-7 8. The bill is sent to the other house for steps 3-7 9. A conference committee makes a compromise and a final version of the bill is approved 10. The bill is sent to the President and is signed into LAW!
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the Executive Branch) III. The Presidency (Chapter 6 The Executive Branch, Section 1) What is the job of the Executive Branch? Where is the Executive Branch described in the Constitution? Who is the head of the Executive Branch? Qualifications ions of the President: Citizenship Age Residency 1. Presidents have shared other characteristics a. WASP (, -, ) Exceptions = b. Male c. Educated d. Jobs have included e. Most have had experience 2. Presidential nominees are becoming more a. First woman to run for VP from major party: b. First African Americans to be elected President::
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the Executive Branch) Term of Office, Salary, and Benefits: A Presidential term lasts years. The President can be elected to terms. Which Amendment sets a limit to Presidential terms? Name the group that actually elects the President. Who set the precedent of serving 2 terms? Who broke the precedent of serving 2 terms? Who sets the salary of the President? What does the President make? 7. Lots of benefits come along with the salary. Like what? The Vice President: 1. According to the Constitution, what are the two jobs of the VP? a. b. 2. What qualifications must the VP meet? Why? 3. A Vice-Presidential term lasts years. 4. What does the Vice President make? 5. How many times have VPs had to take the oath of office and become President?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the Executive Branch) D. The Rules of Presidential Succession: 1. Originally, the Constitution was incredibly about what should happen if a President died, resigned, etc 2. In 1841, was the first President to die in office. His VP, took over and set a for the future. 3. The 25 th Amendment turned the precedent into law. It also provided for who should become the Vice President. Who becomes the new VP? 4. When has the US used the 25 th Amendment? 5. What would happen if both the President and the ice President died or left office? Congress provided for this situation in a law passed in 1947 called the. What is presidential succession?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the Executive Branch) 6. Fill in the Presidential Line of succession The President The Vice President The of the House The of the Senate The Secretary of The Secretary of The Secretary of The Other Cabinet Departments
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the Executive Branch) Powers and Roles of the President (Chapter 6 The Executive Branch) Fill in the chart below regarding powers of the President Role of the PresidenWhat does the Presid Other Terms and Ideas to do in this role? Know Chief Executive What is an executive order? (Check the glossary!) Legislative Leader What is the State of the Union Address? What is its purpose? How can a Presidential veto influence legislation? Commander in Chief Who declares war? So then, what is the role of the President in a war? What is the purpose of the War Powers Act?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the Executive Branch) Powers and Roles of the President (Chapter 6 The Executive Branch) Fill in the chart below regarding powers of the President Role of the President Foreign Policy Leader Role of the President Judicial Leader What does the President do in this role? What does the President do in this role? Other Terms and Ideas to know What is diplomacy? Who are ambassadors? What is the purpose of a diplomatic note? What is a treaty? How is it made? Other Terms and Ideas to know What is a reprieve? What is a pardon? What is a commutatio Which judicial branch members are appointe by the President? Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the Executive Branch)
Powers and Roles of the President (Chapter 6 The Executive Branch) Fill in the chart below regarding powers of the President Role of the What does the President Other Terms and President do in this role? Ideas to know Party Leader How does a the political party platform affect the decisions of the President? Role of the President Chief of State What does the President do in this role? Other Terms and Ideas to know What sort of ceremonial duties does the President perform as Chief of State?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the t Executive Branch) The Executive Departments Job = Help the President the laws There are (how many) Executive Departments, each with a specific area of responsibility. Each department has a leader called a. When the secretaries meet together, they create a group called the. Which President created the cabinet? Why? Fill in the organizer below with naming the Executive Departments with the information given. Department of Foreign relations, protects US citizens abroad, passports Department of Department of Controls public lands, maintains parks, supervises reservations, controls water Department of Department of Issues money, collects taxes, pays bills, manages government funds Department of Sets standards for weights and measures, regulates foreign trade, reports on business Maintains armed forces, conducts military study, operates bases Name the other 9 Executive Departments Investigates violations of Federal law, prosecutes cases, enforces immigration law
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 6,, the t Executive Branch) Define the following terms associated with the Executive Departments Attorney General Embassy Consulate Counterfeiting Civilian Joint Chiefs of Staff
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 7, the Judicial Branch) Equal Justice Under the Law (Chapter 7 The Judicial Branch) What does Equal Justice Under Law mean for US citizens? Laws for the Good of All: 1. Laws protect the rights of citizens, but also limit their freedoms. Why, then, are laws important? 2. How does majority rule affect the making of laws? 3. Why is obeying laws important? Kinds of Laws: Fill in the web diagram below describing the four types of law that govern Americans. Statutory Laws Common Law Four Types of Law in America Administrative Law Constitutional Law
Civics ics Unit 3 (Chapter 7,, the Judicial Branch) Roles of the Courts: 1. What is the role of the courts in the United States? 2. How do our courts guarantee justice? Right to a Fair Trial: what does that mean in the US? 1. Those accused of a crime are given the right to a. What if the accused cannot afford a lawyer? 2. Those accused of a crime have the right to be released on. When may that right be limited? 3. Someone accused of a crime must be indicted by. What does the grand jury do during indictment procedures? Why is indictment an important right to someone accused of a crime? 4. Those accused of a crime are guaranteed the right to a trial by. A trial jury is also known as a jury. It is made up of 6-12 persons known as. How does a court select jurors? What is a verdict? What kind of vote is required for a verdict? What is a hung jury?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 7,, the Judicial Branch) 5. All those accused of a crime are considered innocent until proven. The burden of proof in a jury trial rests with. They must prove their case. Why do you think it is important for someone accused of a crime to be considered innocent until proven guilty? According to the 5 th Amendment, the accused does not have to incriminate him/herself. What does that mean? What is testimony? What is cross-examination? 6. Those accused of crimes are given the right of. Why if the right of appeal necessary in our court system?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 7,, the Judicial Branch) The Federal Court System (Chapter 7 The Judicial Branch) The Federal Judicial Branch of the United States is organized in an ascending order of power, known as a. Basically, it looks like this 1. 2. 1 2 3 3. B. Cases Tried in Federal Courts: The Constitution gives the federal courts multiple types of jurisdiction. Jurisdiction Original jurisdiction Appellate jurisdiction Federal Courts DO NOT hear: State cases: cases that involve the breaking of state laws. party being accused of a crime is the party doing the accusing is the State cases: involves a disagreement between 2 parties; one sues the other; party being sued is the party bringing the law suit is the
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 7,, the Judicial Branch) Federal Courts DO hear: (p. and p. ) C. U.S. District Courts: District Courts are at the of the federal system. There are district courts in the US at least per state. This is the only Federal Court in which trials are held. District courts have the authority to hear cases for the first time jurisdiction; they do not have appellate jurisdiction. There are district courts in the US at least per state. D. District Court Officials: 1. Judges in District Court: a. There are anywhere from to per court, depending on the caseload of the court a. What is their job? 2. Other District Court Officials include a. the : a pre-judge who hears pretrial motions, evidence, and minor cases b. the : the policeman of the court issues subpoenas, arrests law breakers, keeps order in court. Define subpoena c. the US : the lawyer for the federal government. What is the job of the US Attorney?
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 7,, the Judicial Branch) E. US Courts of Appeals: 1. The Courts of Appeals are the next of the federal system. 2. The Appeals Courts have the authority to hear cases appealed from the district courts jurisdiction; they do not have original jurisdiction. 3. There are appellate courts in the US, each covering a large judicial district known as a. 4. There are anywhere from to judges per Court of Appeals. Who serves as chief judge? 6. Jury trials do not take place in the Courts of Appeals. Instead, a panel of 3 judges determines if the person who appealed the case was granted during the trial. Then the panel of judges makes one of three decisions: (PLEASE NOTE they do NOT decide guilt or innocence) a. They can the lower court agree with them b. They can to lower court return for a new trial c. They can the lower court disagree and reverse 6. Usually, the decision of the Courts of Appeals is the final decision cases are unlikely to get to the Supreme Court.
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 7,, the Judicial Branch) Federal Court Judges 1. All Federal Court Judges are appointed by the and approved by the. 2. The term of Federal Court Judges lasts for. How can Federal Court Judges be removed from office? 3. Why are Federal Judges appointed for life at a fixed salary? Power of Judicial Review The Supreme Court s greatest power is called. That is when the Court reviews a law or government action to determine if it is.if a law or government action is determined to be, it can be cancelled. The power of judicial review was established in by the famous court case v. Opinions of the Court There are 3 Types of Opinions: a. : explains ideas of winning side b. : explains ideas of losing side c. : explains ideas of someone who agrees with majority, but for different reasons
Civics Unit 3 (Chapter 7,, the Judicial Branch) Notable Supreme Court Justices Supreme Court Justice Why they are famous John Jay John Marshall Samuel Chase William Howard Taft Thurgood Marshall Sandra Day O Connor Notable Supreme Court Cases Supreme Court Case What Freedom does the case address? What were the basic facts of the case? What did the Supreme Court say? Plessy v. Ferguson Brown v. Board of Education Miranda v. Arizona Marbury v. Madison
Unit 3 The 3 Branches of Government