What are the Migratory and Displacement Trends of the Population? Andreas Kahler First Lake Chad Forum by KAS Yaoundé, 5th 2017 Projecto PRODEFIMA
Outline Preliminary remarks Figures & Data of four concerned countries Trends and Patterns Migratory Projecto and PRODEFIMA Displacement Trends
Introduction: A humanitarian Perspective - At Jesuit Refugee Service, we focus on the needs of displaced. - Accompany Serve Advocate in favour of forced migration survivors. - IDPs or refugees themselves are our focus not causes of displacement. - At JRS, our principles are humanity, neutrality, impartiality, independence (and there are still other core values). - However, climate-induced displacement is a reality we have to look at for adjusting responses (adaptation). Projecto PRODEFIMA
Forced Migration Dynamics in Sahel
Displaced Dynamics in the Sahel (HNRO 2017) INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE (IDPs) AND RETURNEES REFUGEES 3.9m 1.2 3.4m 1.1m 970 964 1.74M 890 765 768 495 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2012 658 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 24 Million in need, 5 Million displaced Projecto ForcedPRODEFIMA Migration Dynamics
Chad Lake Basin
Lake Chad Basin: Displacements and affected people Around 17 million people live in the affected areas across the four Lake Chad basin countries. More than 2.4 million people remain displaced. Most of the displaced families are sheltered by communities that count among the world s poorest and most vulnerable. Food insecurity and malnutrition have reached critical levels. Source: unocha.org/sahel Projecto ForcedPRODEFIMA Migration Dynamics
Das Bildelement mit der Beziehungs-ID rid2 wurde in der Datei Chad Lake Basin Crisis Population movement and violent incidents in the most affected areas Internally Displaced Persons1 Diffa 127.3k NIGER Refugees2 Lac 103.6k Diffa 106.1k NIGER Borno 1.42M Yobe 107.2k Yobe NIGERIA CHAD Far-North 210.7k Borno NIGERIA Far-North 92.4k Adamawa 95.5k 25 50 150 CAMEROON 695k 0,4k NIGER 15 35 70k NIGER Nglea Diffa Abadam NIGERIA 10 Accessible territories5 Latest incidents3 Yobe CHAD Adamawa CAMEROON 5k Lac 7.8k Yobe Dikwa Karena Konduga Dalori Waza Kariari Ajir Lac Lac Borno Magumeri Diffa TchebeTchebe Borno CHAD CHAD NIGERIA Far-North Meme Far-North Adamawa Adamawa CAMEROON Incidents Not accessible Main axes and towns accessible with restrictions CAMEROON Accessible
Das Bildelement mit der Beziehungs-ID rid2 wurde in der Datei Chad Lake Basin: Crisis Overview Update (OCHA, Aug 17) Several roads have been cut off and helicopt landings made difficult by flooding in various localities across Nigeria s north-eastern region. This has constrained aid delivery to tens of thousands of people displaced by the long-running Boko Haram violence. Humanitarian organisations are looking for options such as transporting supplies from Adamawa neighbouringcountries orairdrops. The rainy season has also seen the relocation of military forces from certain areas, prompting civilians to flee elsewhere for safety. Around 6,700 people from Niger have fled to Baga Sola area in western Chad after Chadian forces pulled out of their position in Niger. The relocation of the Multi-National Joint Task force troops from certain border localities in Cameroon s Logone and Chari department has left residents and aid groups fearing increased insecurity. Meanwhile, sites hosting the displaced and densely populated areas in Nigeria s Borno state have been hit by a series of suicide attacks. More than 145 girls have been used by Boko Haram to carry out the blasts in the past seven months, accordingto reports.
Das Bildelement mit der Beziehungs-ID rid2 wurde in der Datei Chad Lake Basin Crisis Displacement trend Total IDPs and refugees since September 2016 IDPs Refugees in million 2,5 2,0 1,5 in thousand 250 200 1,0 Sep 2016 150 Aug 2017 Incidents trend 3 Total of violent incidents and deaths reported since July 2016 Incidents Deaths 40 400 Source: OCHA (11/08/17) 30 20 10 0 July 2016 July 0 2017 300 200 100
Humanitarian Assistance at Lake Chad (example MSF)
NIGER - DIFFA: Access, Insecurity and Population Movement (July 2017) The security situation in south-eastern Niger remains a challenge for humanitarian actors. According to the government, nine young me were killed, one injured while, for the first time, 37 minors including 26 girls and 11 boys were kidnaped together following an attack perpetrated by alleged Boko Haram members in Ngalewa village, located at 7 km East of Kablewa town in Nguigmi Department, on 2th of July. As of 10 May, more than 247, 000 people were still displaced in the Diffa region. LATEST DISPLACEMENT FIGURES 1 127,299 106,146 14,546 IDPs 2 Refugees Returnees (1. Source: Goverment. 10 May 2017, 2. Internally Displaced People) POPULATION MOVEMENT TRENDS 213k 146k 146K Feb 2015 Aug 2015 241k May 2016 281k Jul 2016 302k Sep 2016 222k Nov 2016 241k Dec 2016 242k Mar 2017 247k May 2017 Ngourti N'Guigmi CHAD Kablewa Goudoumaria Sayam Forage Kidjendi Garin Wanzam Toumour Yebi Bosso Lake Chad Maine Soroa Diffa DIFFA Dewa El Mainari Komadougou River Regional capital Refugee camp IDP camp NIGERIA IDP site Movements without escorts (UNDSS)* Movements with escorts (UNDSS)* Boko Haram affected area 50 Kilometers * UNDSS recommandation - Mandatory for UN agencies The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
Niger : Diffa - Victimes civiles liées aux attaques de Boko Haram ( 06 février 2015 au 22 août 2017) Depuis le début de la crise dans le bassin du lac Tchad, la région de Diffa est confrontée à des mouvements forcés de populations fuyant l insécurité liée aux activités de Boko Haram. A ces déplacements de personnes, il faut ajouter plusieurs cas d attaques affectant les civils dans les départements de Bosso, Diffa, Goudoumaria, Mainé Soroa et Nguigmi. Selon les données non exhaustives recueillies auprès des partenaires sur le terrain, on dénombre environ 540 personnes tuées, blessées ou enlevées depuis les premières attaques de Boko Haram au Niger en février 2015. Le pourcentage de cas de décès le plus élevé a été enregistré dans le département de Bosso avec plus de 70 pour cent de cas. Agadez Tahoua Diffa Zinder Tillabery Maradi Niamey Dosso Zinder N'Guigmi 31 morts 4 blessés 47 Kidnappés N'Guigmi TCHAD N'Galewa Kindila Doro Doro Lelewa 25 20 Goudoumaria 2 kidnappés Toubouram Peulh 24 Nombre d attaques depuis février 2015 Maïné Soroa 3 blessés 2 kidnappés Mainari Sayam Forage Djalori Boudoum Kablewa Ari Koukouri Bori Tchougoundi Barwa Gana Tchoungoua Tchoukou Djani Gadira Lalea Karia Kouklewa Blatoungour Karamga Yebi Mara Kiri Mamouri Toumour Bosso Boula Gana Diffa Woor Bague Abadam 73 morts Gogone 96 blessés N'Gagam Fedega Waou 2 kidnappés Lamana Koukoudou Gueskérou Alla Dewia Youwa Kiessa Bassa Bosso Garin Dogo Dewa I 230 morts Nombre de victimes Diffa N'Garoua 44 blessés Assaga 3 disparus 1-4 Tourban Guida Grematori 3 kidnappés 5-12 13-29 15 10 5 0 10 09 02 F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J 2015 2016 11 9 03 J A S O N D J F M A M J 2017 05 J A Gadori Iguir Boukar N'Gourtouwa Boula Brin Brem Ari Boudoumiri Afofo NIGERIA 20 Kilometers 30-59 60-99 > 99 Les frontières et les noms indiqués et les désignations employées sur cette carte n'impliquent pas reconnaissance ou acceptation officielle par l'organisation des Nations Unies. Date de création : 24 août 2017 Sources : UNDSS, FDS. Commentaires : ochaniger@un.org www.unocha.org www.reliefweb.int
Das Bildelement mit der Beziehungs-ID rid3 wurde in der Datei TCHAD : Localisation des lieux de déplacement dans la région du Lac (Août 2017) LIBYE Didrigna Soua 2 Soua 1 Kangara Bourlim Daboua Djaoune Ntiona Tcharom 1 Kanerom Djilkori Fallah 2 Tataverom 2 NIGER Ferediga N'djalia Chebrey Wadjigui Nguilbia Yarom Ngarana 2 Rig-Rig Loudjia Kiskawa Nord Aliga Koulboua Kiskawa Din Magui Koullom NIGÉRIA Boukar Kouliya SOUDAN N'Djaména Kiskawa Mboua Mao Koudouboul Sabre Kouta CMR Yare RCA Hakouitchoulouma Amma Kaiga-Kindjiria Kaiga Kindjiria NIGER Yekiram Diamaram Liwa Saballahou Kobia Boma Alkoufa Digou 1 Karounga Digou 3 Kiskra Bia Finde Selia Kousseri Tchoukoutelia N'Gacha Alkoufa Nguilini Capitale Fourkoulom Dar Nahim 2 Dar Nahim 3 Taal Dar Nahim 4 Kaya Kola 2 Kola 1 Ngouboua Boud 2 Kousserie 2 Mar Yakirom Tagal NIGÉRIA Chef-lieu de département Chef-lieu de souspréfecture Melea Dar Salam Kafia Foulatari Kangalia Kalidar Dar Al amne Koulkime 1 Medi Kouta Darkani Iga Somi Toumra Bol Tchallam Blarigui Ngalamia Nahr Daliarom Mafou Site de déplacés / retournés Sawa Yakoua Selia Route secondaire Gomirom Doumou Gomirom Killi Piste 0 10 20 Tetewa Koulfoa Kolerom Village hôte Route principale Kaya Kilometres Ngouri Chef-lieu de région Dar Nahim 1 Baga-Sola Ngouboua Boud 1 Kékédina Dilerom Zigueye Kangalom Kangalom Frontière nationale Doum-Doum Limite de région Alkalia Plan d'eau 40 Les frontières et les noms indiqués et les désignations employées sur cette carte n'impliquent pas reconnaissance ou acceptation officielle par l'organisation des Nations Unies. Date de création : 14 août 2017 Référence carte : TCD_MAP_CarteReferenceLac_A4L Sources : OCHA, OIM, CCCM, OSM. Commentaires : ocha-chad@un.org www.unocha.org/tchad www.reliefweb.int
Nigeria data (Ocha, humanitarian dashboard 08/17) KEY FIGURES Overview 1 8.5 million estimated number of people in need of humanitarian assistance. 6.9 million people targeted for humanitarian aid. 4.5 million estimated number of people reached with humanitarian aid. January to end of July. Food Security and Nutrition 5.2 million 2 estimated number of people food insecure in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe (June - August 2017). 1.2 million 3 malnourished children under 5 (SAM & MAM) and pregnant and lactating women in need of assistance in Adamawa, Borno and Yobe. Internally Displaced People 4 1.7 million displaced people in Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe out of 1.8 million in the north-east. 2.50 1.25 0.00 Dec 14 1.7 Jun 17
Trends and patterns IOM, Displacement Tracking Matrix: Cameroon Displacement Report, Far North, Round 9 (26/06 07/07/17) The International Organization for Migration (IOM) developed a displacement tracking system, the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM). The DTM s tools gather information on population displacements and mobility ( ) including information on where displacements occur, why they occur, their length, and the conditions of migrants and internally displaced individuals both on site and en route etc. Base: Evaluation in 678 villages in Region Far North, baseline: May 2017
Das Bildelement mit der Beziehungs-ID rid2 wurde in der Datei CMR: IDPs (IOM, Displacement Tracking Matrix, 26/6 7/7/17) Map 2: Distribution of internally displaced people (IDPs)
CMR: non-registered refugees (DTM) Map 3 Distribution of unregistered refugees
CMR: Returnees (IOM, DTM) Map 4 Distribution of returnees
CMR DTM: some key findings 91% of targeted population is displaced due to armed conflict 8% due to flooding and other climatic factors 1% due to inter-ethnic and communal tensions 48% displaced households live with host families 16% rent a house 21% live in spontaneous sites 13% returned to their original dwellings 1% in collective centres 1% without shelter
CMR DTM: key findings (p. 31): From a security perspective, a wave of attacks and incursions over the past months have impacted the movements and displacement trends observed in DTM round 9. Additionally, the ongoing rainy season has affected human mobility, explaining the increase of returns as certain households take advantage of this season to renew links to their plantation (sometimes in areas abandoned due to conflict or flooding). A Regional 2.1% increase in IDPs (...).17 The change in the Logone-et-Chari is primarily noted in the villages of Abassouni 1 and Afade Camp, both of which host a significant portion of IDPs that have come from Hile-Alifa in response to the attacks on Bargaram and Manigueide on June 22 and 28. Conversely, other departments including the Mayo Tsanaga have noted a decrease in their IDP populations (1,357 fewer individuals) which is explained by their departure for the North in search of more favorable farming conditions. (...) A 2.3% increase in returnees (1,334 additional people). A 8.37% decrease in unregistered refugees (2,719 fewer people).
DTM North Nigeria, May 2017 Kano NIGER Jigawa Ningi Toro Bauchi Dass Tafawa-B Warji Bogoro Machina Jama'are Itas/Gad Bauchi Shira Gamjuwa Plateau Nguru Zaki Katagum Giade Gamawa Misau Darazo Kirfi Alkaleri Yusufari Karasuwa Bade Jakusko Dukku Bade Gombe Yobe Kwaya Kwami Kusar Gombe Yalmaltu/ Bayo Deba Akko Shani Karim-La Nafada Billiri Borsari Nangere Fune Potiskum Damban Fika Funakaye Shomgom Kaltungo Jalingo Yorro Ardo-Kola Yunusari Lau Tarmuwa Gulani Balanga Lamurde Guyuk Biu Shelleng Mayo-Bel Hawul Girie Hong Adamawa Numan Gombi Demsa Yola North Yola Fufore South Zing Damaturu Gujba Geidam Jada Kaga Mobbar Song Gubio Magumeri Maiduguri M.C. Damboa Chibok Nganzai Askira/U Borno Jere Konduga Maiha Madagali Michika Mubi North Mubi South Kukawa Monguno Mafa Gwoza Lake Chad Dikwa Bama CAMEROON Ngala CHAD Kala/Balge Benue Cross River Ibi Wukari Ussa Donga Takum Map 1: LGA level displacement severity map Gassol Bali Taraba Kurmi Sardauna Gashaka Ganye Teungo Cameroon IDPs Inaccessible area Less than 1,000 1,001-5,000 5,001-10,000 10,001-50,000 Central More than 50,000 African Republic Projecto PRODEFIMA
DTM Nigeria, Round xvi, May 2017 Projecto PRODEFIMA
DTM Nigeria, May 2017: Displacement Reasons Projecto PRODEFIMA
Open Questions - What data are available about ongoing migration into former shore lines of the Lake Chad? What is known on motifs or factors? - Seasonal migration, nomadic cultures, North-South-movements? - How is the migration situation changing over longer time? - Population data availability on Chad Lake Basin (2003: 37,2 Mio.)? Projecto PRODEFIMA