Public Employment Services and the Fight against Poverty Lima 5-6 November 2014 Effective Labour Migration Management in South America Elizabeth Warn International Organization for Migration, Regional Office for South America
Introduction 1. Labour Migration in South America and the profile of Labour migrants in South America 2. Labour migration success strategies 3. Conclusions: Employment Services and services to migrants
1) IOM s Objectives: Labour Migration Offering policy and technical advice to national governments; Supporting the development of policies, legislation and administrative structures that promote efficient, effective and transparent labour migration flows; Assisting governments to promote safe labour migration practices for their nationals; Facilitating the recruitment of workers, including pre-departure training and embarkation preparedness; Promoting the integration of labour migrants in their new workplace and society.
2. Labour Migration in South America Migration flows traditionally to the US and Europe; Increase of intra-regional labour migration within South America in the context of regional integration; Return Migration, and extra-regional migration; Principal migration corridors: Paraguay-Argentina Bolivia-Argentina Colombia-Venezuela 4
Number of emigrants and Immigrants per country in South America, 2010 2800000 2600000 2400000 2200000 2000000 1800000 1600000 1400000 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0-200000 0-400000 -600000-800000 -1000000-1200000 -1400000-1600000 -1800000-2000000 -2200000-2400000 -2600000-2800000 Inmigración: 4.752.257 Immigration Argentina Venezuela Brasil Ecuador Chile Paraguay Bolivia Colombia Uruguay Perú Emigration Fuente: UN DESA Population Division. Población total (ambos sexos) 2011; Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Vivienda de Argentina, 2010; Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) de Perú.
3. Profile of Labour migrants in South America Traditionally low skilled Migrants are employed in those sectors with the highest level of irregularity Use of informal intermediaries and recruitment practices Regularization of migrant workers and labour market participation 6
4. Labour Migration success strategies 1. Pre-departure orientation and information provision 2. Legal labour migration channels 3. Employment and migrants rights 4. Return and reintegration 7
i. Pre-departure orientation and information provision Provision of individualized counselling and support services to returning migrants I. Pre-integration support practices: I. HEADSTART: Fostering Integration before Departure http://www.headstartproject.eu II. Direct provision of relevant services: I. Migrant Resource Centres (MRC)
ii. Legal labour migration channels Legal migration channels I. Migration legislation and legal entry channels: II. Ethical recruitment; Ethical recruitment. IRIS The International Recruitment Integrity System (IRIS) http://iris.iom.int/about-iris
iii. Employment and migrant rights Regular employment i) Skills matching ii) Validating and recognizing foreign qualifications and competences i) Social protection mechanisms: Multilateral MERCOSUR Agreement on Social Security Ibero-American Multilateral Agreement on Social Security
iv. Return and reintegration Provision of return and reintegration support for returning migrant workers I. Differentiated reintegration strategies and tools I. Example: Action Plan for the Promotion of Self-Employment for Returners and Productive Families of Peruvians Abroad (Ministry of Labour Peru) II. Information Platform for Returning Migrants (Ministry of Labour, Employment and Work Observatory, IOM, Bolivia) III. Return Plan (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Colombia) II. Elements that facilitate/ hinder reintegration I. Lessons learned
5. Conclusion: Employment Services and services to migrants I. Connecting their services to migrant community groups II. Connecting with other actors and institutions I. Facilitate decision making in relation to the labour markets in the region. MERCOSUR Labour Market Observatory http://www.observatorio.net/
Thank you! Elizabeth Warn International Organization for Migration (IOM) Regional Office for South America ewarn@iom.int