Chapter Summary (Update April 2014 Population numbers)

Wirral Population Chapter Summary (Update April 2014 Population numbers) Wirral has a relatively high older population and a relatively low proportion of people in their twenties and thirties compared to England and Wales as a whole. The older population (aged 65 years and above) are expected to increase at the fastest rate (than any other age group) over the next decade; between 2011 and 2021 it is estimated that this population group will have increased by 17.4%. The population over 85 is projected to increase from 8,460 in 2011 to 10,985 in 2021, which equates to a 29.9% increase. The biggest decrease is in the 35-59 year age group, from 108,548 in 2008 to 82,061 in 2021. Latest Census 2011indicates that 5.03% of the Wirral population are from black and minority ethnic groups (i.e. not white British). According to the school census (2012), 6.5% of school children in Wirral are from BME groups The LGBT needs assessment has been completed (click this link to access its content) that offers more robust data on the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) community; this is a group at greater risk of discrimination and social exclusion. According to the IMD 2010, Wirral is the 60 th most deprived of the 326 districts in the country and is therefore in the bottom 20% nationally. With no change on previous data (IMD 2007) The Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) places 30 of Wirral s LSOAs in the lowest 5% in England and 23 LSOAs in the 3% most deprived nationally. The Employment domain of the IMD 2010 indicates that Wirral performs poorly on this indicator, it is ranked 10 th worst out of 326 districts (bottom 3% nationally). Employment is weighted at 22.5% towards total IMD so this is a key contributor for Wirral s performance on the IMD overall. This is an indication of the scale of the challenge faced in Wirral and the need for a focused and coordinated approach to tackling worklessness and economic inactivity. Wirral currently has a static level of internal migration. Accessibility to local services and facilities is critical in addressing health inequalities and social exclusion. In some areas of Wirral more than half of households do not have access to a car, which means they are reliant on public transport. Survey data shows that access to GPs is good, but access to hospitals is poor for some. Accessibility planning is important in reducing barriers to employment, healthcare, leisure, fresh food shopping and other opportunities. Rates of criminal damage in Wirral decreased by 17% from 2008/09 as at June 2010 Rates of antisocial behaviour decreased by 9% between years 08/9 to 09/10, however antisocial behaviour still puts a considerable strain on the police and fire services. Wirral has a predominance of Mosaic groups which are at the polar extremes of the income spectrum, indicating that the differential between people on very low and very high incomes is quite pronounced in Wirral. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 1 of 45

About this section This section aims to summarise issues around the population of Wirral. This includes information about demographics, migration, deprivation, accessibility and crime. There is more information about particular deprived groups in Chapter 5 - Health Inequalities, more information about BME groups in Chapter 13 and further information for children and young people is available in Chapter 4 Children and Young People. Some Census 2011 information has been included in this refresh with the ONS providing additional content in waves over the coming months. Census 2011 Release dates for content can be accessed via this link to ascertain when further details may be available. Introduction Wirral is a borough of contrast and diversity in both its physical characteristics and social demographics. There are both rural areas and townships and urban and industrialised areas in a compact peninsula of 60 square miles. The borough has a wealth of parks and countryside and over 20 miles of coastline. Population 2.1.1 GP registered population There are more people recorded on GP registers than estimated through the mid-year estimates (total, 331,090). This is due to a number of reasons, for example GP registers may contain people who live outside Wirral. This discrepancy in the two datasets is not unique to Wirral and is a pattern that is reflected across England and Wales. Table 2.2.2a shows population data (June 2012 quarter 1) according to GP registers, by sex and age band. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 2 of 45

Table 2.2.1a: Wirral GP registered population by age group and gender, June 2012/13 Age Group Males Females Persons Number % Number % Number % 0-4 9,614 5.92 9,132 5.41 18,746 5.66 5-9 9,477 5.84 8,864 5.25 18,341 5.54 10-14 9,280 5.72 8,977 5.32 18,257 5.51 15-19 10,418 6.42 9,698 5.74 20,116 6.08 20-24 10,369 6.39 9,975 5.91 20,344 6.14 25-29 9,824 6.05 10,061 5.96 19,885 6.01 30-34 9,360 5.77 9,458 5.60 18,818 5.68 35-39 9,415 5.80 9,751 5.78 19,166 5.79 40-44 11,604 7.15 11,793 6.99 23,397 7.07 45-49 12,378 7.63 12,783 7.57 25,161 7.60 50-54 12,046 7.42 11,769 6.97 23,815 7.19 55-59 10,386 6.40 10,552 6.25 20,938 6.32 60-64 10,335 6.37 10,530 6.24 20,865 6.30 65-69 9,181 5.66 9,643 5.71 18,824 5.69 70-74 6,639 4.09 7,713 4.57 14,352 4.33 75-79 5,344 3.29 6,557 3.88 11,901 3.59 80-84 3,869 2.38 5,665 3.36 9,534 2.88 85+ 2,741 1.69 5,889 3.49 8,630 2.61 All Ages 162,280 100 168,810 100 331,090 100 Source: Wirral PCT MIS, 2012 Wirral has a relatively high older population and relatively low proportion of people in their twenties and thirties compared to England and Wales as a whole. 2.1.2 Mid-Year Population Estimates The Office for National Statistics (ONS) has provided estimated resident population figures at Local Authority level based on mid 2011 estimates as can be seen in Table 2.2.3a and Table 2.2.3b Population Pyramid Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 3 of 45

Table 2.2.3a: Wirral Mid-Year Population Estimates by age group and gender, 2011 Age Group Male Female Persons Number (%) Number (%) Number (%) 0-4 9,500 6.18 9,100 5.48 18,600 5.82 5-9 9,100 5.92 8,700 5.24 17,800 5.57 10-14 9,700 6.31 9,200 5.54 18,900 5.91 15-19 10,400 6.76 9,600 5.78 20,000 6.25 20-24 8,900 5.79 9,100 5.48 18,000 5.63 25-29 8,700 5.66 9,200 5.54 17,900 5.60 30-34 8,100 5.27 9,000 5.42 17,100 5.35 35-39 9,000 5.85 9,800 5.90 18,800 5.88 40-44 10,900 7.09 11,700 7.05 22,600 7.07 45-49 11,500 7.48 12,700 7.65 24,200 7.57 50-54 10,900 7.09 11,600 6.99 22,500 7.04 55-59 9,800 6.37 10,400 6.27 20,200 6.32 60-64 10,700 6.96 11,000 6.63 21,700 6.79 65-69 8,400 5.46 9,000 5.42 17,400 5.44 70-74 6,500 4.23 7,700 4.64 14,200 4.44 75-79 5,300 3.45 6,700 4.04 12,000 3.75 80-84 3,700 2.41 5,600 3.37 9,300 2.91 85+ 2,700 1.76 5,900 3.55 8,600 2.69 All Ages 153,800 100 166,000 100 319,800 100 Source; Office for National Statistics 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 4 of 45

Figure 2.2.3b: Wirral & England Mid-Year Population Estimates by age group and gender, Population Pyramid Comparison, 2011 Source; Office for National Statistics 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Male Female Persons Wirral England Wirral England Wirral England 0-4 5.48 6.02 6.18 6.52 5.82 6.27 5-9 5.24 5.41 5.92 5.86 5.57 5.63 10-14 5.54 5.55 6.31 6.01 5.91 5.78 15-19 5.78 6.02 6.76 6.51 6.25 6.26 20-24 5.48 6.60 5.79 6.95 5.63 6.77 25-29 5.54 6.79 5.66 6.99 5.60 6.89 30-34 5.42 6.54 5.27 6.76 5.35 6.65 35-39 5.90 6.55 5.85 6.72 5.88 6.63 40-44 7.05 7.26 7.09 7.35 7.07 7.31 45-49 7.65 7.29 7.48 7.37 7.57 7.33 50-54 6.99 6.39 7.09 6.50 7.04 6.44 55-59 6.27 5.63 6.37 5.68 6.32 5.66 60-64 6.63 5.97 6.96 5.94 6.79 5.95 65-69 5.42 4.88 5.46 4.75 5.44 4.82 70-74 4.64 3.97 4.23 3.69 4.44 3.83 75-79 4.04 3.40 3.45 2.91 3.75 3.16 80-84 3.37 2.75 2.41 2.01 2.91 2.38 85+ 3.55 2.98 1.76 1.49 2.69 2.25 Wirral has a slightly older population profile in comparison to England. In comparison to England, Wirral s population contains far fewer people aged 20-39 as a proportion of its overall population for both males and females. The age band that has the biggest difference is population aged 30-34 with Wirral having 5.35% compared to England having 6.65%. Wirral has a higher proportion of its population for all ages over 45 male and female compared to England. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 5 of 45

2.1.3 Population estimates by Wirral ward The Office for National Statistics (ONS) has provided estimated resident population figures at a lower geographical level for mid-2011(based on the results of the 2011 Census). Figures are not guaranteed to be completely accurate at this level of detail but it provides an indication of which wards are more and less populated, see table 2.2.4a. Table 2.2.4a: Estimated resident population by age group and Wirral ward (mid -2011) Ward of Residence (2004 boundaries) Total Population (thousands) Under 15 (%) 15-44 (%) 45-64 (%) 65-74 (%) 75+ (%) Bebington 15.8 17.6 34.8 27.4 10.1 10.0 Bidston and St James 15.3 22.0 40.9 23.7 7.9 5.5 Birkenhead and Tranmere 16.0 21.7 44.8 22.8 6.2 4.5 Bromborough 14.9 17.5 38.8 26.5 9.0 8.2 Clatterbridge 14.4 14.8 30.4 30.0 13.7 11.1 Claughton 14.7 16.7 36.2 27.9 10.1 9.2 Eastham 13.9 16.4 34.3 27.5 11.7 10.1 Greasby, Frankby and Irby 14.0 14.5 29.6 32.2 11.6 12.0 Heswall 13.4 14.8 26.1 30.3 14.1 14.6 Hoylake and Meols 13.3 15.7 32.4 29.4 9.8 12.7 Leasowe and Moreton East 14.7 19.1 38.5 26.0 8.6 7.9 Liscard 15.6 17.8 38.3 27.1 8.9 7.9 Moreton West and Saughall Massie 14.0 15.8 35.4 30.0 10.1 8.7 New Brighton 14.8 16.9 37.6 28.0 8.6 8.9 Oxton 14.2 14.8 37.7 28.2 10.8 8.5 Pensby and Thingwall 13.0 14.7 29.9 29.4 13.0 13.0 Prenton 14.5 16.3 35.6 29.5 9.6 9.0 Rock Ferry 14.3 20.6 41.4 23.9 7.3 6.8 Seacombe 15.4 21.5 43.2 22.8 7.0 5.5 Upton 16.1 17.6 35.6 27.1 9.0 10.7 Wallasey 15.0 14.8 33.4 31.5 10.0 10.3 West Kirby and Thurstaston 12.7 15.9 28.8 30.7 12.1 12.5 Wirral 319.8 17.3 35.8 27.7 9.9 9.3 Source: Office for National Statistics, 2013 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons) ) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 6 of 45

Wards with the highest number of residents are Upton, Birkenhead & Tranmere and Bebington Bidston & St James, Birkenhead & Tranmere and Seacombe have a greater proportion of children (under 15 s) residing in the ward; Heswall and Upton have the highest proportion of over 75 s. 2.1.4 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender population Recent findings from the Integrated Household Survey April 2010 to March 2011 (the largest UK survey of the general population which asked about sexual orientation) found 1.5% of respondents reported having a lesbian, gay or bisexual sexual identity. The North West Public Health Observatory s Mental Wellbeing Survey 2009 (Deacon et al, 2010) Across the region, 98.4% of respondents described themselves as heterosexual, with 0.8% describing themselves as lesbian or Gay, 0.3% stating they were bisexual and 0.5% describing their sexual identity as other.also reported around 1.4% describing themselves as a category other than heterosexual. These questions were asked in face-to-face or telephone interviews and these may therefore be low estimates. Other estimates of the proportion of people in the UK who are lesbian, gay or bisexual vary widely and the figure of 5-7% is often used (Final Regulatory Impact Assessment: Civil Partnership Act 2004). It is possible that the recorded LGBT population is unevenly distributed between (for example) more rural and urban Local Authorities and applying these broad estimates (1.5-7%) to Wirral is at best a rough approximation. Given this, the total LGBT population of Wirral (aged 15 years and over) may be somewhere between 3,818 and 17,815. For further information please follow the link to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Needs Assessment. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 7 of 45

2.1.5 Population projections Wirral s overall population is projected to increase by 1.0% between 2011 and 2021, from 319,863 in 2011 to 324,226 in 2021, see table 2.2.6a. Table 2.2.6a: Wirral Resident Population Projections by Age Group (Persons) Interim 2011 to Mid-2021 Age Group Population 2011 2014 2018 2021 % Change (2011-2021) 00-04 18,543 19,899 20,286 19,628 5.9 05-09 17,772 18,668 19,856 21,083 18.6 10-14 18,874 17,776 18,691 19,192 1.7 15-19 19,944 18,603 16,828 16,916-15.2 20-24 18,040 17,868 16,191 15,185-15.8 25-29 17,919 18,783 19,837 18,822 5.0 30-34 17,113 17,930 18,463 19,554 14.3 35-39 18,893 17,386 18,365 18,584-1.6 40-44 22,671 20,634 17,425 17,773-21.6 45-49 24,257 23,176 21,405 18,769-22.6 50-54 22,510 23,790 23,318 22,152-1.6 55-59 20,217 20,836 22,802 23,367 15.6 60-64 21,657 19,736 19,664 21,050-2.8 65-69 17,380 19,902 18,916 18,230 4.9 70-74 14,213 15,131 17,942 18,763 32.0 75-79 12,021 12,218 12,829 14,004 16.5 80-84 9,353 9,507 9,848 10,169 8.7 85+ 8,460 9,090 10,120 10,985 29.9 All Ages 319,837 320,932 322,784 324,226 1.4 Source: Office for National Statistics, 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons) The older population (aged 65 years and above) are expected to increase at the fastest rate. By 2021 this population will total 72,150, compared to 61,422 in 2011. The population over 85 is projected to increase from 8,460 in 2011 to 10,985 in 2021, which equates to a 29.9% increase. The biggest decrease is in the 35-59 year age group, from 108,548 in 2011 to 82,061in 2021. ONS projections do not take into account future plans in Wirral. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 8 of 45

Ethnicity 2.1.6 Census 2011 Wirral overall has seen an increase in population from 314,700 (2001 Census) to 319,783 (2011 Census). This latest ONS data continues to highlight Wirral has a small, but increasing, ethnic minority population. Using data from the Census 2011, 96.8% of the population were classified as white (White British, White Irish or White Other).This compares to the Census 2001 figures of 98.4% locally. In table 2.3.1a the ethnicity numbers for Wirral are compared between 2001and 2011 Census Table 2.3.1a: Comparison of Census 2001 & 2011 Wirral Population by Ethnic Group Ethnicity Census 2001 Census 2011 % of 2011 population Net Change (from 2001) White: British 303,800 303,682 94.97-118 White: Irish 3,100 2,667 0.83-433 White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller 0 77 0.02 77 White: Other White 2,700 3,730 1.17 1,030 Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 500 964 0.30 464 Mixed: White and Black African 300 558 0.17 258 Mixed: White and Asian 500 949 0.30 449 Mixed: Other Mixed 500 815 0.25 315 Asian or Asian British: Indian 700 1,344 0.42 644 Asian or Asian British: Pakistani 100 226 0.07 126 Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi 400 851 0.27 451 Asian or Asian British: Chinese 1,300 1,653 0.52 353 Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 200 1,042 0.33 842 Black or Black British: African 300 389 0.12 89 Black or Black British: Black Caribbean 200 189 0.06-11 Black or Black British: Other Black 100 117 0.04 17 Other Ethnic Group 0 530 0.17 530 All Groups 314,700 319,783 100.00 5,083 Source: ONS, 2011 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons) Please consider accessing via this link the Census 2011 Release dates for content Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 9 of 45

Table 2.3.1a further suggests that the overall population of Wirral has increased slightly, from 314,700 at the 2001 Census to 319,783 by 2011. This is an overall increase of 5,083, though these figures contain variations for any increases between population groups. It further suggests that according to the 2011 Census that 5.03% of Wirral s population is from a BME group (i.e. not white British) which compares to 3.46% in 2001 (From 10,900 people in 2001 to 16,101 people in 2011). While there has been a slight increase in population numbers classified as white (White British, White Irish or White Other) from 309,600 in 2001 to 310,156 in 2011, the collated other ethnic group numbers have risen from 5,100 in 2001 to 9,627 in 2011.. If we consider white British only population there has been a slight reduction from 303,800 in 2001 to 303,682 in 2011. Considering all ethnic population groups in the same period, the numbers in these groups have increased from 10,900 in 2001 to 16,101 in 2011. In contrast, the, White: Irish group appears to have shown the largest percentage decrease, from 3,100 in 2001, to 2,667 in 2011. Further Analysis is available via Wirral JSNA BME Groups Chapter though this chapter is currently under review expected to be published Summer 2013 Please consider accessing via this link the Census 2011 Release dates for content Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 10 of 45

2.1.7 School Census 2012 Data from the School Census helps to provide information on the BME origin of Wirral school children as described in table 2.3.2a and figure 2.3.2b Table 2.3.2: Ethnicity of Wirral pupils, December 2012 (Numbers) Ethnicity No. % White British 45,220 92.29 All other ethnic groups 3,167 6.46 Unknown* 621 1.27 Total 49,000 100%** Source: School Census, December 2012 * These figures do not have the categories of refused to answer, blank and information not obtained **takes account of rounding to third decimal place Figure 2.3.2a: Ethnicity of Wirral pupils, December 2012 (Percentage breakdown) Source: School Census, December 2012 Note These figures do not have the categories of refused to answer, blank and information not obtained which totalled 621 in 2012 and 484 in 2010 The number of pupils has risen from 2,526 pupils in December 2010 to 3,159 pupils, or 6.5%, in December 2012 that had a recorded ethnicity. This is a rise from 5.2% in 2010. Any other white and Any other mixed were the two largest ethnic populations but it is not possible to determine the exact ethnic origin from these groups. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 11 of 45

The largest ethnic groups in schools (with single rather than mixed origin of ethnicity) are Bangladeshi, Indian and Chinese. The top ten non-english first languages are presented in figure 2.3.2c. Figure 2.3.2c: Top ten non-english languages spoken by Wirral pupils (December, 2012) Source: School Census, 2010 Note - It should be noted that Other than English/Believed to be other than English is recorded at 138 and this is as a result of reporting of this aspect by parents. In some cases schools may feel that pupils in this category do have another first language other than English. For the purposes of the table above this is not included. Bengali (258), Chinese (132) and Polish (124) are highest numbers of Wirral pupils whose first language is not English Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 12 of 45

Migration 2.1.8 Moves within the United Kingdom for Wirral Residents Table 2.4.1a shows that during the 12 months of July 2009 and June 2010 Wirral overall migration figure of 200 which included 7,300 incoming and 7,100 outgoing. Table 2.4.1a: Moves within the United Kingdom for Wirral Residents Registered during the year ending June 2010, Gross and net flows by broad age group and sex Persons Male Female Age All ages 0-15 16-24 25-44 45-64 65+ Inflow 7300 1200 2000 2700 1000 400 Outflow 7100 1000 2500 2400 800 400 Balance 200 200-500 300 200 0 Inflow 3700 600 800 1500 600 200 Outflow 3500 500 1100 1300 400 200 Balance 200 100-300 200 200 0 Inflow 3600 600 1100 1300 400 200 Outflow 3600 500 1400 1100 400 200 Balance 0 100-300 200 0 0 Source; ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) The age group with the largest shift was people aged 16-24 with an overall migration figure of -500 which included 2,000 incoming and 2,500 outgoing. The overall migration figure for females was 0 with 3,600 incoming and 3,600 outgoing, the overall migration figure for males was 200 with 3,700 incoming and 3,500 outgoing. We see in tables 2.4.1.b and 2.4.1.c highlighting the local authority areas where new residents are moving into Wirral and where Wirral residents are moving to. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 13 of 45

Table 2.4.1b: Top 10 Local Authority Residents Moving into Wirral Registered during the year ending June 2010 Local Authority Number Liverpool 1290 Cheshire West and Chester UA 810 Sefton 290 Manchester 200 Leeds 200 Knowsley 160 Sheffield 150 Cheshire East UA 110 Warrington UA 100 St. Helens 100 Source; ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Table 2.4.1c: Top 10 Local Authorities Wirral Residents Move to Registered during the year ending June 2010 Local Authority Number Liverpool 1070 Cheshire West and Chester UA 900 Manchester 250 Sefton 220 Leeds 200 Flintshire 170 Sheffield 160 Knowsley 110 Cheshire East UA 100 West Lancashire 80 Source; ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 14 of 45

2.1.9 Migrant National Insurance Number (NINo) allocations as proportion of resident population The Migrant national insurance number (NINo) allocations are a comprehensive measure of adult overseas nationals entering the UK and registering for a NINo irrespective of length of stay as described in Figure 2.4.2a. The series includes shortterm migrants but excludes migrants who do not register for a NINo (e.g. those studying, or dependants). The statistics refer to date of NINo registration, not date of arrival in the UK. Figure 2.4.2a Migrant National Insurance Number (NINo) allocations as proportion of resident population, 2004-2011 Source; ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Wirral has a significantly lower proportion of migrant national insurance number allocations in 2011 with a proportion of 0.002 compared to the North West 0.006 and England 0.011 The proportion of migrant national insurance number allocations in Wirral has slightly fluctuated during the years of 2004 to 2011 peaking at 0.003 and being as low as 0.002. The proportion of migrant national insurance number allocations has increased in England and the North West during the years of 2004 to 2011. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 15 of 45

2.1.10 International Inflow and Outflow per 1000 of Population Outflow; Persons leaving their country of usual residence to take up residence in another country for a period of at least 12 months. (Figure 2.4.3a) Inflow; Persons arriving or returning from abroad to take up residence in a country for a period of at least 12 months. (Figure 2.4.3b) Figure 2.4.3a International Outflow, 2004-2010 Source; ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 16 of 45

Figure 2.4.3b International Inflow, 2004 2010 Source; ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) For further information please refer to Wirral Migration Profile No.10 March 2013 Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 17 of 45

Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2.1.11 Overall Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) Wirral is a borough of contrast, both in its physical characteristics and social demographics. Rural areas, urban and industrialised areas sit side by side in a compact peninsula of 60 square miles. There is around 30 miles of coastline, some of which was occupied with the shipbuilding industry which used to employ a large number of local people. However, in certain parts of the borough there are significant levels of deprivation. Within Wirral, LSOAs (Lower Super Output Areas) range from the 24 th most deprived in England (Bidston St James East) to one of the least deprived in England in Barnston East within Heswall, less than 7 miles away. The overall Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2010 is compiled from the following seven domains: Income Employment Health Deprivation and Disability Education Skills and Training Barriers to Housing and Services Crime Living Environment The IMD 2010 is based on data that was gathered in 2008, so it will not be affected by any changes that have happened in Wirral since then. According to the IMD 2010, Wirral is the 60 th most deprived of the 326 districts in the country and is therefore remains in the bottom 20% nationally as per previous data (IMD 2007). There are 207 LSOAs in Wirral (32,482 in England) each containing approximately 1,500 people, with more than a third (32.1%) of the population living in the national 20% most deprived LSOAs in England. Map 2.5 demonstrates that the greatest concentrations of LSOAs experiencing the most severe levels of multiple deprivation are in the east of Wirral and these are amongst the most deprived in the country. LSOAs experiencing some of the lowest levels of deprivation are in the more affluent areas to the west of Wirral, although some pockets of deprivation also exist within these areas. The IMD places 30 of Wirral s LSOAs in the lowest 5% in England and 23 LSOAs in the 3% most deprived nationally as described in figure 2.5.1a. These are predominantly in the docklands areas (i.e. Bidston and St James, Birkenhead and Tranmere, Rock Ferry and Seacombe). There are also two separate indices of deprivation, which focus specifically on children and older people. According to the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index (IDACI) there has been a slight improvement on this indicator since the last IMD (2007). Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 18 of 45

IMD 2010 shows that 23 of Wirral LSOA s are in the 5% most deprived nationally, this is a slight improvement on the previous IMD 2007 which had 25 LSOA s within this category. The greatest levels of child deprivation of Wirral LSOA s within the 5% most deprived nationally, are found in Bidston St James East, Hamilton Square and Lower Tranmere for IMD 2010 For more information on child deprivation refer to Chapter 4: Children & Young People. The Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Index (IDAOPI) shows a slightly different picture. Performance has broadly been the same since the last IMD and continues to be better than the children s deprivation indicator. Similar to the IDACI above, the IDAOPI indicates that the areas of Wirral that are most affected by deprivation of older people are Bidston St James East, Hamilton Square and Lower Tranmere. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 19 of 45

Figure 2.5.1a: Wirral IMD rank 2010 Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 20 of 45

2.1.12 Income The income domain is weighted at 22.5% towards total IMD score and shows that there is a slight improvement in this indicator for IMD 2010 at 21 st most deprived compared to 22 nd most deprived in IMD 2007 Trend data illustrated in the table 2.5.2a describes weekly income for people living in Wirral Table 2.5.2a: Gross weekly income for full time employees 2002 2011 Year Wirral Males Females Persons North West Great Britain Wirral North West Great Britain Wirral North West Great Britain ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2002 373.6 406.5 431.8 332.2 311.0 331.4 362.2 368.5 392.2 2003 359.4 419.3 446.6 318.7 322.1 344.0 339.6 379.7 405.2 2004 369.9 438.0 460.7 330.7 332.0 356.7 350.2 394.1 420.3 2005 404.2 445.6 472.9 374.1 350.0 372.0 397.8 406.4 431.7 2006 398.5 459.3 486.7 360.0 358.5 383.3 383.3 416.8 444.8 2007 447.3 479.1 500.0 377.6 373.7 395.6 406.6 434.9 459.3 2008 478.1 490.4 524.2 373.0 392.1 413.2 419.5 450.0 479.1 2009 437.6 497.5 533.7 362.1 406.2 426.5 404.4 459.8 489.9 2010 434.0 500.0 540.4 405.7 417.8 439.8 414.6 466.9 500.3 2011 427.7 498.5 540.9 412.4 417.0 445.7 417.7 460.3 502.6 Source: Nomis, 2012 http://www.nomisweb.co.uk Income for males and females is lower than both North West and Great Britain average Male income has been falling since 2008 Female incomes has been rising since 2009 Income for Wirral males and females is now at its closest with only 15 difference for male residents, whilst the difference across the North West and Great Britain stands at 81 and 95 respectively in favour of males Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 21 of 45

Map 2.5.2b displays the national income rank according to the IMD 2010 by Wirral LSOA. The darker shades of the map illustrate the more deprived LSOA s in relation to income which is categorised into the national quintiles. Map 2.5.2b: Wirral LSOA income rank 2010 Source: DCLG 2010, http://info.wirral.nhs.uk/instant-atlas/imd2010/atlas.html?select=00cbfe Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 22 of 45

2.1.13 Employment The Employment domain of the IMD 2010 indicates that Wirral performs poorly on this indicator, it is ranked 10 th worst out of 326 districts (bottom 3% nationally). Employment is weighted at 22.5% towards total IMD so this is a key contributor for Wirral s performance on the IMD overall. This is an indication of the scale of the challenge faced in Wirral and the need for a focused and co-ordinated approach to tackling worklessness and economic inactivity. Map 2.5.3 Wirral LSOA Employment rank 2010 Source: DCLG 2010, http://info.wirral.nhs.uk/instant-atlas/imd2010/atlas.html?select=00cbfe There are wide variations in levels of economic inactivity across the borough, from 51% in some areas of Birkenhead and Tranmere, to less than 3% in parts of Heswall and West Kirby and Thurstaston. There are also stark gaps in employment skills in deprived communities. (DCLG 2010) In 2009 Wirral s job density rate was 0.58. This means that for every 100 working age residents there are 58 jobs available. This ratio is low when compared to the North West (0.75) and GB (0.78) rates. (DCLG 2010) There are low levels of enterprise and entrepreneurial activity in Wirral, particularly amongst women. (DCLG 2010) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 23 of 45

Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) claimant data, which is the most widely recognised measure of employment, shows that at February 2012 Wirral s unemployment claimant rate is: 4.9% (total 9,280), this is higher than both the North West 4.6% and the England rate 4.1%. The claimant count has fluctuated over recent years, reaching a low of 3.0% at the end of November 2007 and peaking at 5.6% in August 2009. Key benefit claimants for the working-age population (February 2012) are displayed in table 2.5.3a. It is apparent that Wirral has a higher proportion of residents claiming for each benefit, than the North West and Great Britain as a whole. Table 2.5.3a: Wirral residents of working age claiming key benefits, compared to the North West and Great Britain (February 2012) Claimant Group Wirral Wirral North West Great Britain (numbers) (%) (%) (%) Total claimants 41,170 21.6 18.2 15.0 Job Seekers Allowance (JSA) 9,280 4.9 4.6 4.1 ESA and incapacity benefits 19,250 10.1 8.5 6.5 Lone parents 4,150 2.2 1.7 1.5 Carers 3,680 1.9 1.5 1.2 Others on income related benefits 1,200 0.6 0.5 0.4 Disabled 3,140 1.6 1.2 1.1 Bereaved 470 0.2 0.2 0.2 Key out-of-work benefits 33,880 17.7 15.3 12.5 Source: NOMIS, 2012 http://www.nomisweb.co.uk There are a series of key economic challenges facing Wirral, including the need to raise productivity within existing businesses, to grow the business base of companies within higher growth sectors and to change attitudes and perceptions in relation to employment and enterprise. As part of addressing some of the challenges outlined above, partners in Wirral have been engaged in an extensive period of strategy development as part of refining the regeneration priorities for the area. The Wirral Investment Strategy, approved by the Council in 2007, recognises that a successful economy is fundamental to the Borough s future prosperity and to achieve social equity outcomes. The Strategy aims to deliver a Borough founded on a strong, vibrant economy with high levels of employment and to provide an environment where the skills Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 24 of 45

of Wirral people are developed, to make Wirral a place where business chooses to invest. It is underpinned by a Full Employment Strategy and an Enterprise Strategy, which provide a framework for linking employment, enterprise and skills activities with economic opportunity. The priorities of reducing worklessness and increasing skills and enterprise are reflected in the aspirations of the Investment Strategy. Wirral s strategic approach (and that of the City Employment Strategy) identifies a number of priority groups across the Borough, including: Incapacity Benefit claimants Lone parents People from BME communities Low income households with children People with low or no skills People not in education, employment or training (NEET) Over 50s Women returning to work Table 2.5.3b: Households by combined economic activity status of household members: January-December 2011 Households Working Households Mixed Households Workless Households Number (%) Number (%) Number (%) Wirral 51,266 50.5 27,829 27.4 22,405 22.1 North West 1,185,162 51.0 641,505 27.6 496,872 21.4 England 9,065,226 52.5 5,008,094 29.0 3,178,753 18.4 Source: ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Latest figures for 2011 show 50.5% of Wirral households are classed as working households which is slightly lower than the North West 51.0 and England 52.5. Latest figures for 2011 also show 22.1% of Wirral households are classed as a workless household which is slightly higher than the North West 21.4 and 3.7 per cent higher than England at 18.4 as described in figures 2.5.3c and 2.5.3d. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 25 of 45

Figure 2.5.3c: Households by combined economic activity status of household members: January-December 2011 Source: ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 26 of 45

Figure 2.5.3d: Households with a working economic activity status of household members: 2004 2011 Source: ONS 2012 (http://www.ons.gov.uk/) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 27 of 45

5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100% Frequency 2.1.14 Health Deprivation and Disability This domain relates to deprivation in terms of poor health, early mortality and disability, and is a measure of the following: Years of potential life lost Comparative illness and disability ratio Acute morbidity Hospital episode statistics Proportion of adults suffering from mood/anxiety disorders The Health Deprivation and Disability domain of the IMD 2010 shows that 44 of Wirral LSOAs are in the 5% most deprived nationally for 2010 with a reduction from 47 in 2007. The 10% least deprived national has reduced in Wirral from 21 in 2007 to 18 in 2010. See figure 2.5.4a. Figure 2.5.4a: Health deprivation and disability (IMD 2007 and 2010): distribution of Wirral LSOAs by percentage position in England Health Deprivation and disability (IMD 2007 and 2010) distribution of Wirral LSOA's by percentage position in England 70 60 More Deprived 2007 Frequency 2010 Frequency Less Deprived 50 40 30 20 10 0 Band Source: DCLG, 2011 Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 28 of 45

Geographical distribution of LSOAs for this domain is displayed in map 2.5.4b Map 2.5.4b: Wirral LSOA health deprivation and disability rank 2010 Source: DCLG 2010 http://info.wirral.nhs.uk/instant-atlas/imd2010/atlas.html?select=00cbfe The two lowest ranked LSOAs in Wirral, which are most deprived in terms of health and disability, are Bidston and St James East and Birkenhead East Float. For more information on health deprivation, refer to Chapter 5: Health Inequalities Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 29 of 45

2.1.15 Education, Skills and Training The Education, Skills and Training domain of the IMD 2010 shows that 10 (4.8%) of Wirral LSOAs are in the 5% most deprived nationally, with 33 (15.94%) LSOAs in the 10% least deprived areas nationally. (See Map 2.5.5b) Results from the Annual Population Survey (January 2011 December 2011) shows that the number of Wirral residents of working age to have no qualifications is 19,100 (10.2%). This is lower than the North West (12.0%) and the Great Britain rate (10.6%). See table 2.5.5a for a summary of qualifications for Wirral, North West and Great Britain. Table 2.5.5a: Wirral residents aged 16-64 qualifications (Jan Dec 2011) Qualification Wirral Numbers Wirral % North West % Great Britain % NVQ 4 and above 49,600 26.6 28.9 32.9 NVQ 3 and above 91,300 48.9 50.1 52.7 NVQ 2 and above 131,500 70.5 68.3 69.7 NVQ 1 and above 160,000 85.7 82 82.7 Other qualifications 7,600 4.1 6.0 6.7 No qualifications 19,100 10.2 12.0 10.6 Source: Nomis - Annual Population Survey, 2012 http://www.nomisweb.co.uk Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 30 of 45

Map 2.5.5b: Wirral LSOA education, skills and training rank 2010 Source: DCLG 2010 http://info.wirral.nhs.uk/instant-atlas/imd2010/atlas.html?select=00cbfe Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 31 of 45

2.1.16 Accessibility to services Definition of Accessibility: For clarification it is appropriate to define what is meant by accessibility the Social Exclusion Unit explain the concept of accessibility in relation to key questions, such as: Can people get to key services at reasonable cost, in reasonable time, and with reasonable ease? Do people know about the transport, trust its reliability and feel safe using it? Are people physically and financially able to access transport? For some people the inability to access healthcare, employment, education and other services can significantly impact on their quality of life and their life chances. This in turn prevents them from breaking out of the cycle of social exclusion. The problem can have costs for communities, which may be left isolated or unable to attract investment. See table 2.5.6a illustrates households in Wirral without a car recorded on 2001 census; we are currently awaiting Census 2010 for updated data. 2.5.6a: Households without a car, by Wirral ward Ward Percentage car ownership Bidston and St James 56.8% Birkenhead and Tranmere 53.7% Seacombe 47.0% Rock Ferry 48.1% Upton 37.3% Liscard 37.1% Leasowe and Moreton East 38.2% Bromborough 34.3% New Brighton 31.5% Claughton 28.4% Bebington 24.6% Prenton 26.9% Oxton 24.9% Moreton West and Saughall Massie 22.7% Wallasey 21.5% Eastham 22.2% Pensby and Thingwall 20.0% Hoylake and Meols 20.9% West Kirby and Thurstaston 19.1% Greasy, Frankby and Irby 14.0% Clatterbridge 12.8% Heswall 12.2% Source: Census, 2001 Please consider accessing via this link the Census 2011 Release dates for content Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 32 of 45

More than half of all households in Bidston & St James and Birkenhead & Tranmere do not have access to a car. Bidston St James East Is one of the most deprived LSOA in Wirral with the least percentage of households owning a car and Heswall being one of the least deprived areas in Wirral with the highest percentage of households owning a car. The above findings indicate therefore that the most deprived households are more likely to be reliant on public transport than those households in least deprived areas. These lower income households usually have poorer health and therefore any barriers to accessing health services, employment or other opportunities, such as fresh food shopping, need to be addressed. Further analysis is required when Census 2010 results are available and the release dates can be accessed via this link the Census 2011 Release dates for content Access to Healthcare: For older people, accessing healthcare services can often become a regular part of their lives. For many older people, accessing these services can be difficult, either due to mobility problems (which can prevent them using traditional public transport services) or for financial reasons (they cannot afford the transport costs). For some older people who are used to driving private cars, health or financial reasons can mean that they have to give up using their cars and they become reliant on public transport services. It is important that these people receive information and, where required, training, to enable then to use the public transport network. The Social Exclusion Unit (2010) report that nationally; 52% of people without a car in the most deprived 5% of the population compared to 10 15 % without a car for households with average or above average income. Between 15 20% of households without a car find it difficult to access supermarkets, doctors or post offices compared to 5% - 10% with a car. The proportion of households who find it difficult to access a hospital is, though, twice as high for both groups. 40% of those without a car find hospitals difficult to access as do 20% of those with a car. The decline in the proportion of older people receiving care at home has reduced from more than 150 per 1,000 over-75-year-olds in 1993 and 1994 to 82 per 1,000 in 2008. This long-term trend is thought to be the result of a continuing process of concentrating resources on those deemed most in need. (Social Exclusion 2010, Joseph Rowntree Foundation) Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 33 of 45

2.1.17 Crime The 2010 IMD illustrates Wirral s Crime Ranking by LSOA. See map 2.5.7a. Map 2.5.7a: Wirral LSOA crime rank 2010 DCLG (2011) http://info.wirral.nhs.uk/instant-atlas/imd2010/atlas.html?select=00cbfe Wirral s crime rate is 29% lower than the average for North West Community Safety Partnership districts, despite having an average index of multiple deprivation score (IMD) that is 12% higher than the average. (Wirral Community Safety Partnership Strategic Assessment 2010) There are a variety of external factors to take into consideration. These include population density, the number of people visiting the area, the topography, night time economy and others and most easily measured is the level of deprivation. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 34 of 45

Anti-Social Behaviour A target was set to reduce the number of incidents of anti-social behaviour reported to the Police under anti-social behaviour incidents by 20% from 2006/2007 to 2008/2009. This target set was to reduce from the baseline of 22,187 down to 17,426 and it was met and surpassed by a large margin. In 08/09 there were 15,524 incidents, a reduction of 30%. During 09/10 there were 14,125 incidents, a reduction of over 9% on the previous year and 36% on the baseline set three years earlier. ASB was reduced by over 36% in 3 years between 06/07 and 09/10 ASB was reduced by over 30% in 2 (target) years between 06/07 and 08/09 ASB was reduced by over 9% in 1 year between 08/09 and 09/10 In figure 2.5.7b described are the range of categories of ASB incidents across Wirral in 2010. Figure 2.5.7b anti-social behaviour on Wirral by incident categories Source: Wirral Community Safety Partnership Strategic Assessment 2010 70% of all incidents of ASB were rowdy and inconsiderate behavior with 14% being nuisance neighbours, 9% of incidents were vehicle nuisance or inappropriate vehicle use, 4% abandoned vehicles and street drinking 2%. These figures remain proportionate to the figures during the same period in 2008-2009. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 35 of 45

Criminal Damage Criminal damage has been consistently reducing in number across Wirral over the past five years. Comparing the last two strategic assessment reporting periods (1 Sep 08-31 Aug 09 and 1 Sep 09-31 Aug 10) there has been a reduction in criminal damage of 17% or 682 less offences. Domestic Violence In 2009 the repeat rate for MARAC (Multi Agency Risk Assessment Conference) domestic violence was 10.2 in Wirral. Price Waterhouse published this as the best performing Metropolitan Authority in the country. The national indicator (NI32) target for this measure has been set locally to maintain a repeat domestic violence rate of 12% or lower. Monthly results are calculated by obtaining the number of repeat victims in the previous 12 months and the number of victims reporting over the same period. Between September 2009 and August 2010 there have been: 754 Domestic Abuse incidents in Wirral reported to the Wirral Family Safety Unit (WFSU). 219 (29%) of these incidents were repeat victims. 137 of these incidents are currently deemed as involving very high risk victims and therefore invoke the MARAC process. Birkenhead and Tranmere Ward and Wallasey Ward have by far the highest rate of domestic abuse cases. Incidents are most likely to occur between 12am and 1am and 8pm and 9pm. Domestic Violence - Victim The most common victim age group is 26 40 The most common victim ethnicity is UK White 29% of the victims indicated they have suffered domestic abuse previously 19% do not have any children, 29% have one child, 29% have 2 children, 14% have 3 children and 9% have 4 children or more. Most Wirral family safety unit clients have suffered serious and extensive abuse. 4% of the victims admitted suffering from domestic abuse for 6 years or longer. Domestic Violence - Perpetrators Most of the perpetrators of domestic abuse fall within the 26 40 age range and have caused previous domestic violence complaints. 33% have problems with alcohol 21% have mental health problems 19% have drug related issues. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 36 of 45

Table 2.5.7c shows the breakdown of WFSU domestic abuse referrals received between September 2009 and August 2010. There were 219 victims as repeat referrals comprising 29% of all incidents which is an 11% rise when compared with 2008-9; however 284 (38%) of records did not indicate whether the victim was a repeat referral or not, leaving 286 (38%) who were confirmed not repeat referrals. 2.5.7c: Wirral Family Safety Unit (WFSU) domestic abuse Referrals September 2009 August 2010. Area Incident Rate per 1000 population Birkenhead And Tranmere 13.1 Wallasey 9.2 Prenton 3.8 Rock Ferry 3.6 Bebington 2.7 Moreton West And Saughall Massie 2.5 Upton 2.3 Bromborough 2.2 Leasowe And Moreton East 2.0 Greasby Frankby And Irby 1.6 Heswall 1.6 Bidston And St James 1.4 Eastham 1.3 Hoylake And Meols 1.1 West Kirby And Thurstaston 0.8 New Brighton 0.8 Seacombe 0.5 Oxton 0.4 Claughton 0.2 Liscard 0.1 Clatterbridge 0.1 Pensby And Thingwall 0.0 Source: Wirral Community Safety Partnership Strategic Assessment 2010 Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 37 of 45

2.1.18 Living Environment This domain measures deprivation in the quality of the quality of the individual s immediate surroundings both within and outside the home. The indicators fall into two sub-domains: The Indoors Living Environment This sub domain measures the following indicators of deprivation: Social and Private housing in poor condition Homes without central heating For further information on housing please refer to Chapter 14 Housing The Outdoors Living Environment This sub domain measures the following indicators of deprivation: Air Quality Road traffic accidents involving injury to pedestrians and cyclists For further information regarding Air Quality and Road Traffic Accidents on Wirral refer to Chapter 5: Health Inequalities There is a relatively even distribution of LSOAs for this domain across Wirral; areas with highest levels of deprivation for their living environment again more predominant in the east of the borough see map 2.3.7. Map 2.5.8a: Wirral LSOA living environment rank 2010 Source: DCLG 2010, http://info.wirral.nhs.uk/instant-atlas/imd2010/atlas.html?select=00cbfe Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 38 of 45

Mosaic Profile Mosaic is a geo-demographic population classification tool used to segment the population according to the type of neighbourhood in which they live. It is constructed from a range of data sources including the Census, consumer behaviour and lifestyle factors and is a useful tool for gaining more in-depth insight into the behaviour and beliefs of the population. This 2010 profile is an update to the original Mosaic profile of Wirral produced in 2008. This is because the Mosaic package has recently been updated to reflect changes in UK society. The new groups cannot be compared to the previous groups. The new Mosaic segments the population into 15 Groups and 69 Types based on postcode. The table below shows the Wirral population by Mosaic group 2010. Figure 2.6a: Breakdown of the Wirral population by Mosaic Group 2010 12% 0% 7% 3% A: Residents of isolated rural communities 4% 5% 3% 8% B: Residents of small and mid-sized towns with strong local roots C: Wealthy people living in the most sought after neighbourhoods D: Successful professionals living in suburban or semirural homes E: Middle income families living in moderate suburban semis F: Couples with young children in comfortable modern housing G: Young, well-educated city dwellers 9% 22% H: Couples and young singles in small modern starter homes I: Lower income workers in urban terraces in often diverse areas J: Owner occupiers in older-style housing in exindustrial areas K: Residents with sufficient incomes in right-to-buy social housing L: Active elderly people living in pleasant retirement locations M: Elderly people reliant on state support 11% 10% 1% 2% 3% N: Young people renting flats in high density social housing O: Families in low-rise social housing with high levels of benefit need As Figure 2.6a shows, the most common Mosaic groups in Wirral are Group E and Group O. Over one in three of the population of Wirral fall into these 2 groups. Group O is characterised by younger families with very low incomes (often on benefits), while Group E tends to be a more middle aged demographic with comfortable incomes. Very few of Wirral s population are classified as Group A, G or H. The reason for the small proportion of Group A is that very little of Wirral can be designated as being isolated rural communities. Groups G is slightly different and the small numbers can be put down to the fact that younger people in Wirral who might make up this category move away to go to university and tend not to come back. The low numbers of Group H show that Wirral has fewer households made up of young families who live in modern, comfortable homes (compared to the UK overall). Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 39 of 45

When compared to the UK overall, Wirral is very different in the proportion of the population which fall into each Group. Figure 2.6b shows the index difference between Wirral and the UK. An index greater than 100 (e.g. Group O) indicates that the proportion of households in this Group in Wirral is greater than that for the whole of UK, or that Wirral residents are over-represented in this Group. An index less than 100 indicates an under-representation of Wirral residents in these groups Figure 2.6b: How under or over represented are Mosaic groups in Wirral compared to the UK 2010 How under or over -represented are the different Mosaic Groups in Wirral compared to the UK? O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 Source: Mosaic (2010) Group O (characterised by low incomes and high levels of benefit need) and Group E (middle income families living in semi-detached houses), are the most overrepresented in Wirral in comparison with the UK in general (Figure 2.6b). Under-represented groups in Wirral include Groups G, H & F. These tend to be young people and young families who are slightly better off in terms of income compared to the average. Wirral has less of these kinds of households than average in the UK and those that there are tend to be in low-paid, low-skill jobs, rather than more skilled or managerial occupations. Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 40 of 45

Table 2.6c shows how the percentage of each group in Wirral compares to the UK overall. Table 2.6c: Proportion of Mosaic types in Wirral compared to the UK overall 2010 Mosaic Group A B Short Description Residents of isolated rural communities % Households In UK % Household s in Wirral Types 4.40 0.22 1-4 Residents of small and mid-sized towns with strong local roots 8.75 7.14 5-8 C D E F G H I J K L M N O Wealthy people living in the most sought after neighbourhoods 3.54 2.61 9-12 Successful professionals living in suburban or semi-rural homes 8.23 8.25 13-16 Middle income families living in moderate suburban semis 11.18 21.56 17-21 Couples with young children in comfortable modern housing 5.78 2.67 22-25 Young, well-educated city dwellers 8.48 1.22 26-34 Couples and young singles in small modern starter homes 5.91 2.06 35-38 Lower income workers in urban terraces in often diverse areas 7.02 9.71 39-44 Owner occupiers in older-style housing in exindustrial areas 7.40 10.97 45-47 Residents with sufficient incomes in right-tobuy council houses 8.67 9.05 48-51 Active elderly people living in pleasant retirement locations 4.34 4.47 52-55 Elderly people reliant on state support 5.96 4.61 56-59 Young people renting flats in high density social housing 5.18 3.48 60-66 Families in low-rise council housing with high levels of benefit need 5.16 11.98 67-69 Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 41 of 45

Figure 2.6d: Wirral by Mosaic group, 2010 Figure 2.6d shows Wirral s east/west divide is very apparent. The east of Wirral has a predominance of Groups I, J, N and O (low income groups). The west of Wirral on the other hand is almost exclusively Groups B, C, D and L (older, more affluent households). The white areas are those which are unable to be classified because they do not have any households (they are usually industrial estates for example). What is also interesting is that the larger areas of social housing in Wirral can be clearly seen by the areas of red (Group O). The areas in the centre of Wirral which are predominantly red are the Woodchurch and Beechwood estates. As well as the eleven main Mosaic groupings, there are 69 sub-types which are more useful when attempting to target services or initiatives. Below are the three most common Mosaic types in Wirral and some summary information about each of them, including the ways in which they are likely to access and find out information for themselves (Access Information), plus the ways they prefer services to be offered to them (Service Channels). Wirral JSNA Chapter 2: Population (AO) (JH) (v8) April 2014 Page 42 of 45