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The sixth item in the objective resolution moved by Nehru in the Constituent Assembly read: Wherein adequate safeguards shall be provided for minorities, backward and tribal areas; and depressed and other backward classes. The period has been extended from time to time by means of Constitutional Amendments. This clause 4 was added by the Constituent (First Amendment) Act 1951. The words, Socialist and Secular were added by the 42 nd Amendment Act, 1976. The Constitution of India (New Delhi Controller of Publications, Ministry of Law & Justice, 1986), p. 14. Beteille Andre, Society and Politics in India, ed. 1991, p. 230. Barker Earnest, Principles of Social and Political Theory (London, 1967) p. 151 Ben S. and Peters R.S. Social Principles and Democratic State (London, 1975) p. 119 Bains Ravindar Singh, Reservation Policy and Anti-Reservationists (New Delhi, 1994) p. 4. Ben S., Peters R.S. (2000) op.cit. p. 133. Chelani K.S., Caste Reservation and equality of opportunities in Education EPN. Vol. xxv, No. 41, Oct. 13, p. 90. Cunningham Clark D. and Menon N.R. Madhava, Race, Class, Caste? Rethinking Affirmative Action. Michigan Law Review, Vol. 97, No. 5, March 1999. Constituent Assembly Debate, Vol. 1, p. 59. Constituent Assembly Debate, Vol. 1, p. 333. 60 Constituent Assembly Debate, Vol. III, p. 330. Constituent Assembly Debate, Vol. VII, p. 655. Dworkin Ronald, Taking Rights Seriously (London, 1977) pp. 223-39. 58 Mishra R.G. and Kaur, Gurvinder, Reservation Policy and Personnel Selection (New Delhi, Uppal Publishing House, 1990), p. 39. Laski Harold J. A (2000) Grammar of Politics (London, 1951) p. 153. 8